DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

고속액체크로마토그래피 텐덤질량분석기법을 이용한 사람 혈장 내 소라페닙 농도분석법의 개발 및 검정

Development and Validation of the Determination of Sorafenib in Human Plasma using Tandem Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Liquid Chromatography

  • 박대진 (고신대학교 의과대학 약리학교실) ;
  • 이성곤 (고신대학교 복음병원 가정의학과) ;
  • 김우미 (고신대학교 의과대학 약리학교실)
  • Park, Daejin (Department of Pharmacology, Kosin University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Sunggon (Department of Family Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Woomi (Department of Pharmacology, Kosin University College of Medicine)
  • 투고 : 2012.10.19
  • 심사 : 2012.11.08
  • 발행 : 2012.11.30

초록

소라페닙은 멀티카이네즈 억제제로서 신세포암, 전이성 간세포암 환자의 치료에 효과가 입증된 경구용 항암제이다. 이 연구의 목적은 고속액체크로마토그래피 텐덤질량분석기법(LC/MS/MS)을 이용하여 사람 혈장 내 소라페닙의 농도를 측정하는 효율적인 방법을 개발하고 한국식품의약품안전청(KFDA) 기준에 따라 분석법을 검정하는 것이다. 혈장시료($100{\mu}l$)에 내부표준물질인 chlorantraniliprole을 첨가한 후 이소프로필알콜과 에틸아세테이트로 구성(1:4, v/v)된 0.1% 포름산 함유 추출용액을 혼합하였다. 원심분리 후 상층액을 취하여 원심감압농축하였다. 잔사를 이동상에 재용해하고 Waters사의 역상 XTerra$^{TM}$ C18 칼럼(입자크기 $3.5{\mu}m$)을 장착한 고속액체크로마토그래피 장치에 주입하였다. 액체크로마토그래피는 0.1% 포름산과 10 mM 암모늄 포메이트를 함유한 버퍼용액과 메탄올, 아세토나이트릴을 각각 1:6:3으로 혼합한 용액을 이동상으로 사용하였으며 5분 내에 측정을 완료하였다. 분석대상 물질들은 텐덤질량분석기에서 electrospray 양이온 이온화($ES^+$) 검출방식으로 확인하였으며 소라페닙은 'm/z 465.2 ${\rightarrow}$ 252.5', chlorantraniliprole은 'm/z 484.4 ${\rightarrow}$ 286.2'으로 구성한 multiple reaction monitoring 방법을 사용하였다. 검정 결과, 2-5,000 ng/ml의 농도 구간에서 양호한 직선성($r^2$ > 0.99)과 정확도(90.7-103.9%), 정밀도(10% 이하)를 나타내었다. 새롭게 개발된 LC/MS/MS을 이용한 사람 혈장 내 소라페닙의 농도 측정법은 KFDA 기준을 만족하였으며, 기존의 방법에 비해 민감도가 높은 방법이었다.

Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor and an oral anticancer drug approved for the treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma and those with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to develop an efficient method of the determination of sorafenib in human plasma using tandem mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography (LC/MS/MS) and validate the method by the guidelines of the Korean Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Plasma samples ($100{\mu}l$) were added with chlorantraniliprole as an internal standard and then mixed with the 0.1% formic acid-containing extraction solution composed of isopropyl alcohol and ethyl acetate (1:4, v/v). After centrifugation, the supernatant was concentrated at $45^{\circ}C$ under negative pressure and centrifugal force. The residue was reconstituted with a mobile phase and injected into the HPLC instrument using a reverse phase Waters XTerra$^{TM}$ C18 column (particle size $3.5{\mu}m$). Liquid chromatography was carried out within the run time of 5 min using a mobile phase composed of buffer (0.1% formic acid and 10 mM ammonium formate), methanol, and acetonitrile (1:6:3, v/v/v). The analytes were monitored by tandem mass spectrometry in the multiple reaction monitoring method programmed to detect sorafenib at 'm/z 465.2 ${\rightarrow}$ 252.5' and chlorantraniliprole at 'm/z 484.4 ${\rightarrow}$ 286.2' with positive electrospray ionization mode ($ES^+$). The result showed the proper linearity ($r^2$ > 0.99) over the range of 2,000-5,000 ng/ml with good accuracy (90.7-103.9%) and precision (less than 10%). The newly developed method using LC/MS/MS was validated by the guideline of KFDA and identified as more sensitive compared to the previous methods.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Afify, S., Rapp, U. R. and Hogger, P. 2004. Validation of a liquid chromatography assay for the quantification of the Raf kinase inhibitor BAY 43-9006 in small volumes of mouse serum. J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. 809, 99-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.06.003
  2. Escudier, B., Eisen, T., Stadler, W. M., Szczylik, C., Oudard, S., Siebels, M., Negrier, S., Chevreau, C., Solska, E., Desai, A. A., Rolland, F., Demkow, T., Hutson, T. E., Gore, M., Freeman, S., Schwartz, B., Shan, M., Simantov, R. and Bukowski, R. M. 2007. Sorafenib in advanced clear-cell renal- cell carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 356, 125-134. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa060655
  3. Hotte, S. J. and Hirte, H. W. 2002. BAY 43-9006: early clinical data in patients with advanced solid malignancies. Curr. Pharm. Des. 8, 2249-2253. https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612023393053
  4. KFDA Guidance for Industry, Bioanalytical method validation, National Institute of Toxicology Department. 2003. http://www.kfda.go.kr/
  5. Llovet, J. M., Ricci, S., Mazzaferro, V., Hilgard, P., Gane, E., Blanc, J. F., de Oliveira, A. C., Santoro, A., Raoul, J. L., Forner, A., Schwartz, M., Porta, C., Zeuzem, S., Bolondi, L., Greten, T. F., Galle, P. R., Seitz, J. F., Borbath, I., Haussinger, D., Giannaris, T., Shan, M., Moscovici, M., Voliotis, D. and Bruix, J. 2008. Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 359, 378-390. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0708857
  6. Park, D. J. and Kim, W. M. 2009. The rapid determination of gemcitabine by reversed-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography. J. Life Sci. 19, 1698-1704. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2009.19.12.1698
  7. Sparidans, R. W., Vlaming, M. L., Lagas, J. S., Schinkel, A. H., Schellens, J. H. and Beijnen, J. H. 2009. Liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometric assay for sorafenib and sorafenib-glucuronide in mouse plasma and liver homogenate and identification of the glucuronide metabolite. J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. 877, 269-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.12.026
  8. Wilhelm, S. and Chien, D. S. 2002. BAY 43-9006: preclinical data. Curr. Pharm. Des. 8, 2255-2257. https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612023393026
  9. Wilhelm, S. M., Adnane, L., Newell, P., Villanueva, A., Llovet, J. M. and Lynch, M. 2008. Preclinical overview of sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor that targets both Raf and VEGF and PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. Mol. Cancer Ther. 7, 3129-3140. https://doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-08-0013
  10. Zhao, M., Rudek, M. A., He, P., Hafner, F. T., Radtke, M., Wright, J. J., Smith, B. D., Messersmith, W. A., Hidalgo, M. and Baker, S. D. 2007. A rapid and sensitive method for determination of sorafenib in human plasma using a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry assay. J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. 846, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.06.005