Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation (한국시뮬레이션학회논문지)

The Korea Society for Simulation (한국시뮬레이션학회)
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Simulation of Evacuation Dynamics of Three Types of Pedestrians with Morality

도덕성을 가지는 세 종류의 보행자에 대한 긴급대피 동역학 시뮬레이션

  • 이상희 (국가수리과학연구소 융복합수리과학부)
  • Received : 2010.12.18
  • Accepted : 2011.03.21
  • Published : 2011.03.31
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Abstract

The problem of evacuating pedestrians from a room or channel under panic conditions is of obvious importance in daily life. In recent years, several computer models have been developed to simulate pedestrian dynamics. Understanding evacuation dynamics can allow for the design of more comfortable and safe pedestrian facilities. However, these models do not take into account the type and state of mind of pedestrians. They deal with pedestrians as particles and the state of mind as a social force, which is represented by conservative and long-range interactions between individuals. In this study, I used the lattice model proposed in my previous study to explore the evacuation behavior of pedestrians with morality. In this model, three types of pedestrians are considered: adults, children, and injured people. Collisions between adults and children result in injured people. When the number of injured people continuously in contact with each other reaches a given value k, the injured people are removed from the lattice space. This situation is the same as that in which pedestrians start stepping over injured people. This behavior was interpreted as the morality of pedestrians. Simulations showed that the evacuation showed down and eventually became jammed owing to the injured people acting as "obstacles" in relation to the morality k.

공항상태에서 방이나, 복도로부터 나가려고 하는 긴급대피 상황에서의 사람들 행동문제는 일상생활에서 매우 중요하다. 지난 몇 년간 보행자 동역학을 전산 모사하는 수학적 모델들이 개발되어 왔다. 긴급대피 동역학에 대한 이해는 사람들의 안전과 편안함이 고려된 설계를 하는 데 기여를 할 수 있다. 그러나 제안 되어진 대부분의 모델들은 사람들의 종류와 그들의 마음상태를 전혀 고려하지 않았다. 사람들은 입자로 묘사되어졌으며, 그들의 마음은 장거리 상호작용으로써의 개체간 상호작용으로써 기술되어 졌다. 본 연구에서, 우리는 이전에 보행자모델로 제안한 격자 모델을 이용하여 도덕성을 가진 세 종류의 사람-어른, 어린이, 부상자-의 긴급대피 동역학을 연구하였다. 대피하는 과정에서 어른과 어린이가 충돌하면 어린이가 넘어지면서 부상자가 된다. 사람들은 이러한 부상자들을 만나게 되면 지나치지 않고 기다리게 되는데, 이 정도를 사람들의 도덕성으로 해석하였다. 일정한 수의 부상자들이 발생하면 긴급한 대피상황에서 사람들을 밟고 지나가게 된다. 그리고 모델에서는 부상자들이 격자공간에서 없어진다. 시뮬레이션 결과는 도덕성과 관련하여 장애물로써 역할을 하는 부상자로 인한 교통 체증이 발생함을 보여 주었다.

Keywords

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