Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation

The Korean Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology (한국약제학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Temperature and pH Stability Profiles of ortho and para DEET

  • Choi, Mi-Rine (Department of Biotechnology & Division of Health Science, Dongseo University) ;
  • Kim, Seok-Yong (Department of Biotechnology & Division of Health Science, Dongseo University) ;
  • Choi, Joon-Ho (College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University) ;
  • Park, Sang-Hee (Department of Biotechnology & Division of Health Science, Dongseo University) ;
  • Yong, Chul-Soon (College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Sun (Department of Biotechnology & Division of Health Science, Dongseo University)
  • Received : 2011.05.23
  • Accepted : 2011.08.11
  • Published : 2011.08.20
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

DEET, N,N'-diethyl-m-toluamide, is the most commonly used mosquito repellent. However, it can easily permeate through skin leading to toxic effects. A recent study showed that the ortho analogue of DEET showed enhanced repellency with reduced permeation compared to the commercially used meta analogue. Thus, in order to understand the differences in properties and effectiveness among the m-, o- and p-analogues of DEET, an HPLC-UV method was developed for separately analyzing the three analogues. Moreover, stability profiles at temperatures ranging from $30^{\circ}C$ to $70^{\circ}C$ as well as pH ranging from pH 3 to pH 9 have been determined. All three analogues were stable with no degradation observed during the 5 day period. o-DEET therefore could be further developed into a safer and more effective mosquito repellent.

Keywords

References

  1. Barnard, D.R., Xue, R.D., 2004. Laboratory evaluation of mosquito repellents against Aedes albopictus, Cules nigripalpus, and Ochierotatus triseriatus (Diptera:Culicidae). J Med Entomol. 41, 726-730. https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-2585-41.4.726
  2. Bernier, U.R., Kline, D.L., Barnard, D.R., Schreck, C.E., Yost, R.A., 2000. Analysis of human skin emanations by gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry. 2. Identification of volatile compounds that are candidate attractants for the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes Aegypti). Anal Chem. 72(4), 747-756. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac990963k
  3. Bidlingmayer, W.L., 1994. How mosquitoes see traps: role of visual responses. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 10(2 Pt 2), 272-279.
  4. Corazza, M., Borghi, A., Zampino, M.R., Virgili, A., 2005. Allergic contact dermatitis due to an insect repellent: double sensitization to picaridin and methyl glucose dioleate. Acta Derm Venereol. 85, 264-265.
  5. Ditzen, M., Pellegrino, M., Vosshall, L.B., 2008. Insect odorant receptors are molecular targets of the insect repellent DEET. Science. 319, 1838-1842. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1153121
  6. Dogan, E.B., Ayres, J.W., Rossignol, P.A., 1999. Behavioural mode of action of DEET: inhibition of lactic acid attraction. Med Vet Entomol. 13(1), 97-100. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2915.1999.00145.x
  7. Gubler, D.J., 2001. Human arbovirus infections worldwide. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 951, 13-24.
  8. Jahn, A., Kim, S.Y., Choi, J.H., Kim, D.D., Ahn, Y.J., Yong, C.S., Kim, J.S., 2010. An improved bioassay for mosquito repellency: Method validation with DEET analogues. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 62(1), 91-97. https://doi.org/10.1211/jpp.62.01.0010
  9. Jensennius, M., Pretorius, A.M., Clarke, F., Myrvang, B., 2005. Repellent efficacy of four commercial DEET lotions against Amblyomma hebraeum (acari: Ixodidae), the principal vector of rickettsia, Africae in southern Africa. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 99(9), 708-711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.01.006
  10. Katritzky, A.R., Wang, Z., Slavov, S., Tsikolia, M., Dobchev, D., Akhmedov, N.G., Hall, C.D., Bernier, U.R., Clark, G.G., Linthicum, K.J., 2008. Synthesis and bioassay of improved mosquito repellents predicted from chemical structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 105(21), 7359-7364. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0800571105
  11. Katz, T.M., Miller J.H., Hebert, A.A., 2008. Insect repellents: Historical perspectives and new developments. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 58(5), 865-871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2007.10.005
  12. Li, S., Picimbon, J.F., Ji, S., Kan, Y., Chuanlian, Q., Zhou, J.J., Pelosi, P., 2008. Multiple functions of an odorant-binding protein in the mosquito aedes aegypti. Biochem BiophysRes Commun. 372(3), 464-468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.05.064
  13. Schofield, S., Tepper, M., Gadawski, R., 2007. Laboratory and field evaluation of the impct of exercise on the performance of regular and polymer-based deet repellents. J Med Entomol. 44, 1026-1031. https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-2585(2007)44[1026:LAFEOT]2.0.CO;2
  14. Syed, Z., Leal, W.S., 2008. Mosquitoes smell and avoid the insect repellent DEET. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 105(36), 13598-13603. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0805312105