구강회복응용과학지 (Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science)

  • 제27권2호
  • /
  • Pages.161-174
  • /
  • 2011
  • /
  • 2384-4353(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2384-4272(eISSN)
대한턱관절교합학회 (Korean Academy of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusion)
권호 표지

에탄올의 첨가가 치과용 접착제의 효율에 미치는 영향

Effect of Ethanol Addition on Efficacy of Dental Adhesive

  • 민정범 (조선대학교 치의학전문대학원 치과보존학교실) ;
  • 김희중 (조선대학교 치의학전문대학원 치과보철학교실)
  • Min, Jeong-Bum (Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University) ;
  • Kim, Hee-Jung (Department of Prosthodontic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University)
  • 투고 : 2011.01.22
  • 심사 : 2011.06.25
  • 발행 : 2011.06.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 연구에서는 과수분 상태에서 두단계 산부식 접착제를 적용할 때 부가적으로 에탄올을 첨가하였고 이러한 에탄올의 첨가가 접착제의 효율에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 하였다. 접착제의 효율을 평가하기 위해 잔존 휘발성분의 양을 측정하고 접착제의 상변화를 관찰하였으며 전환율과 미세인장 결합강도를 측정하였다. 접착제 10 ${\mu}l$만을 사용한 1군, 증류수 3 ${\mu}l$에 접착제 10 ${\mu}l$를 적용한 2군, 그리고 여기에 부가적으로 100% 에탄올을 1 ${\mu}l$에서 6 ${\mu}l$까지 1 ${\mu}l$씩 단계적으로 추가한 6개의 실험군을 포함하여 총 8개의 실험군으로 분류하였다. 슬라이드 글라스 위에서 10초, 30초, 60초 동안 공기건조하고 잔존 휘발성분의 양을 측정하였다. 또한 각 실험군의 실험조건에 따라 미세인장 결합강도와 전환율을 측정하였다. 모든 실험값은 one-way ANOVA와 Tukey HSD test를 사용해 95% 유의수준에서 통계적으로 분석하였다. 이 연구에서 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 잔존 휘발성분의 양에 있어서 1군을 제외한 다른 모든 실험군들에서 공기건조 시간이 증가할수록 양이 감소하였고, 2군, 3군, 4군 보다 5군, 6군, 7군이 더 낮았다 (p < 0.05). 5군, 6군에서 공기건조 시간이 증가함에 따라 전환율이 증가하였다 (p < 0.05). 5군, 6군, 7군에서 공기건조 시간이 증가함에 따라 미세인장 결합강도가 증가하였다 (p < 0.05). 광학현미경 관찰에서 5군, 6군, 7군, 8군에서 공기건조 시간이 증가할수록 상분리가 소실되는 상이 관찰되었다. 이에 과수분 상태에서 두단계 산부식 접착제에 부가적으로 에탄올을 첨가하는 것은 수분을 제거하고 접착효율을 높이는데 효과적인 것으로 사료된다.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ethanol addition on efficacy of two-step total-etch adhesive under over-wet condition by measurement of remaining volatile part (RVP), microtensile bond strength (${\mu}TBS$), and degree of conversion (DC). Two-step total-etch adhesive, Optibond Solo Plus (Kerr, Orange, USA), was used. Experimental groups were divided into 8 groups: Group 1 (only 10 ${\mu}l$ adhesive), Group 2 (mixture of 3 ${\mu}l$ distilled water and 10 ${\mu}l$ adhesive), From Group 3 to Group 8 (mixture of 3 ${\mu}l$ distilled water, 10 ${\mu}l$ adhesive, and ethanol added in 1 ${\mu}l$ increment from 1 ${\mu}l$ to 6 ${\mu}l$). The mixtures were placed on slide glass and evaporated for 10 s, 30 s, and 60 s by air-drying. The weight of RVP was measured by precision weight. Same procedures were performed for ${\mu}TBS$ test and measurement of DC. The condition of mixed solution was observed under light microscope. For RVP weight, the weights of experimental groups except for group 1 decreased with the increase of air-drying time (p<0.05). The DC increased with the increase of air-drying time in only group 5 and 6 (p<0.05). The ${\mu}TBS$ increased with the increase of air-drying time in group only 5, 6, and 7 (p<0.05). The phase separation was examined and water blisters were diminished with the increase of air-drying time in group 5, 6, 7, and 8. Within the limits of this study, ethanol additionally applied to adhesive decreased RVP and increased DC and ${\mu}TBS$ under over-wet condition. It was shown that the addition of ethanol to two-step total-etch adhesive under over-wet condition would remove water and increase the efficacy of adhesive.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Gallo JR 3rd, Henderson M, Burgess JO. Shear bond strength to moist and dry dentin of four dentin bonding systems. Am J Dent. 2000;13:267-270.
  2. Hakaoki Y, Nikaido T, Burrow MF, Tagami J. Effect of residual water on dentin bond strength and hybridization of a one-bottle adhesive system. Oper Dent. 2002;27: 563-568.
  3. Hashimoto M, Ohno H, Kaga M, Sano H, Endo K, Oguchi H. Fractured surface characterization: wet versus dry bonding. Dent Mater. 2002;18:95-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0109-5641(01)00023-9
  4. Hashimoto M, Tay FR, Svizero NR, de Gee AJ, Feilzer AJ, Sano H, Kaga M, Pashley DH. The effort of common errors on sealing ability of total-etch adhesives. Dent Mater. 2006;22:560-568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2005.06.004
  5. Perdigão J, Van Meerbeek B, Lopes MM, Ambrose WW. The effect of re-wetting agent on dentin bonding. Dent Mater. 1999;15:282-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0109-5641(99)00049-4
  6. Manso AP, Marquezini L Jr, Silva SM, Pashley DH, Tay FR, Carvalho RM. Stability of wet dry bonding with different solvent-based adhesives. Dent Mater. 2008;24:476-482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2007.04.009
  7. Kanca J 3rd. Effect of resin primer and surface wetness on resin composite bond strength to dentin. Am J Dent. 1992;5:213-215.
  8. Nakaoki Y, Nikaido T, Pereira PN, Inokoshi S, Tagami J. Dimentional changes of demineralized dentin treated with HEMA primers. Dent Mater. 2000;16:441-446. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0109-5641(00)00042-7
  9. Tay FR, Gwinnett AJ, Wei SH. The overwet phenomenon: an optical, micromorphological study of surface moisture in the acid-conditioned, resin-dentin interface. Am J Dent. 1996;9:43-48.
  10. Tay FR, Gwinnett AJ, Wei SH. The overwet phenomenon: a scanning electron microscopic study of surface moisture in the acid-conditioned, resin-dentin interface. Am J Dent. 1996;9:109-114.
  11. Hashimoto M, Ito S, Tay FR, Svizero NR, Sano H, Kaga M, Pashley DH. Fluid movement across the resin-dentin interface during and after bonding. J Dent Res. 2004;83:843-848. https://doi.org/10.1177/154405910408301104
  12. Tay FR, Frankenberger R, Krejci I, Bouillaguet S, Pashley DH, Carvalho RM, Lai CNS. Single-bottle adhesives behave as permeable membranes after polymerization. J Dent. 2004;32:611-621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2004.04.006
  13. Malacarne J, Cavalho RM, de Goes MF, Svizero N, Pashley DH, Tay FR, Yiu CK, de Oliveira Carrilho MR. Water sorption/solubility of dental adhesive resins. Dent Mater. 2006;22:973-980. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2005.11.020
  14. Tay FR, Hashimoto M, Pashley DH, Peters MC, Lai SCN, Yiu CKY, Cheong C. Aging affects two modes of nanoleakage expression in bonded dentin. J Dent Res. 2003;82:537-541. https://doi.org/10.1177/154405910308200710
  15. Graham Solomons TW, Fryhle CB. Ionic reactions. In: Brennam D(eds). Organic chemistry 8th edition. Danvers: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2004: 264-265.
  16. Jacobsen T, Soderholm KJ. Some effects of water on dentin bonding. Dent Mater. 1995;11:132-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/0109-5641(95)80048-4
  17. Maciel KT, Carvalho RM, Ringle RD, Preston CD, Russell CM, Pashley DH. The effect of acetone, ethanol, HEMA, air on the stiffness of human decalcified dentin matrix. J Dent Res. 1996;75: 1851-1858. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345960750110601
  18. Sadek FT, Pashley DH, Nishitani Y, Carrilho MR, Donnelly A, Ferrari M, Tay FR. Application of hydrophobic resin adhesives to acid-etched dentin with an alternative wet bonding technique. J Biomed Mater Res. 2008;84A:19-29. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.31290
  19. Cadenaro M, Breschi L, Rueggeberg FA, Suchko M, Grodin E, Agee K, Di Lenarda R, Tay FR, Pashley DH. Effects of residual ethanol on the rate and degree of conversion of five experimental resins. Dent Mater. 2009;25:621-628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2008.11.005
  20. Dickens SH, Cho BH. Interpretation of bond failure through conversion and residual solvent measurements and Weibull analyses of flexural and microtensile bond strengths of bonding agents. Dent Mater. 2005;21:354-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2004.05.007
  21. Asmussen E, Peutzfeldt A. Influence of selected components on crosslink density in polymer structures. Eur J Oral Sci. 2001;108:282-285.
  22. Stansbury J, Dickens S. Determination of double bond conversion in dental resins by near infrared spectroscopy. Dent Mater. 2000;17:71-79.
  23. Holemes RG, Rueggeberg FA, Callan RS, Caughman F, Chan DC, Pashley DH, Looney SW. Effect of solvent type and content on monomer conversion of a model resin system as a thin film. Dent Mater. 2007;23:1506-1512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2007.01.007
  24. Ferracane JL, Greener EH. FTIR analysis of degree of polymerization in unfilled resins-methods comparison. J Dent Res. 1984;63:1093-1095. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345840630081901
  25. Ikeda T, De Munck J, Shirai K Hikita K, Inoue S, Sano H, Lambrechts P, Van Meerbeek B. Effect of air-drying and solvent evaporation on the strength of HEMA-rich versus HEMA-free one-step adhesives. Dent Mater. 2008;24:1316-1323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2008.02.009
  26. Klein-Júnior CA, Zander-Grande C, Amaral R, Stanislawczuk R, Garcia EJ, Baumhardt-Neto R, Meier MM, Loguercio AD, Reis A. Evaporating solvents with a warm air-steam: effect on adhesive layer properties and resin-dentin bond strengths. J Dent. 2008;36:618-625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2008.04.014
  27. 최경규. 치아의 접착과 접착제. 접착과 심미수복의 임상. 서울: 명문출판사; 2009: 32.
  28. Paul SJ, Leach M, Rueggeberg FA, Pashley DH. Effect of water content on the physical properties of model dentine primer and bonding resins. 1999;J Dent. 27:209-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-5712(98)00042-6
  29. Yiu CK, Pashley EL, Hiraishi N, King NM, Goracci C, Ferrari M, Carvalho RM, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Solvent and water retention in dental adhesive blends after evaporation. Biomaterials. 2005;26:6863-6872. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.05.011
  30. Cadenaro M, Antoniolli F, Sauro S, Tay FR, Di Lenarda R, Prati C, Biasotto M, Contardo L, Breschi L. Degree of conversion and permeability of dental adhesives. Eur J Oral Sci. 2005;113:525-530. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.2005.00251.x
  31. De Munck J, Van Landuyt KL, Peumans M, Poitevin A, Lambrechts P, Braem M, Van Meerbeek B. A critical review of the durability adhesion to tooth tissue: methods and results. J Dent Res. 2005;84: 118-132. https://doi.org/10.1177/154405910508400204
  32. Soh MS, Yap AU, Yu T, Shen ZX. Analysis of the degree of conversion of LED and halogen lights using mico-Ramman spectroscopy. Oper Dent. 2004;29:571-577.
  33. Cardoso Pde C, Loguercio AD, Vieira LC, Baratieri LN, Reis A. Effect of prolonged application times on resin-dentin bond strengths. J Adhes Dent. 2005;7: 143-149.
  34. Cadenaro M, Breschi L, Antoniolli F, Navarra CO, Mazzoni A, Tay FR, Di Lenarda R, Pashley DH. Degree of conversion of resin blends in relation to ethanol content and hydrophilicity. Dent Mater. 2008;24:1194-1200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2008.01.012
  35. Van Landuyt KL, Snauwaert J, Peumans M, De Munck J, Lambrechts P, Van Meerbeek B. The role of HEMA in one-step self-etch adhesives. Dent Mater. 2008;24:1412-1419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2008.02.018
  36. Van Landuyt KL, Snauwaert J, De Munck J, Peumans M, Yoshida Y, Poitevin A, Coutinho E, Suzuki K, Lambrechts P, Van Meerbeek B. Systematic review of the chemical composition of contemporary dental adhesives. Biomaterials. 2007;28:3757-3785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.04.044