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천연가스 조성 변화에 따른 CNG 엔진 성능 및 배기가스 특성

Performance and Emission Characteristics of a CNG Engine Under Different Natural Gas Compositions

  • 하영철 (한국가스공사 연구개발원) ;
  • 이성민 (한국가스공사 연구개발원) ;
  • 김봉규 (한국가스공사 연구개발원) ;
  • 이창준 ((주) 엔진텍 친환경엔진연구소)
  • Ha, Young-Cheol (Gas Quality and Flow Measurement Lab, R&D Division, Korea Gas Corporation) ;
  • Lee, Seong-Min (Gas Quality and Flow Measurement Lab, R&D Division, Korea Gas Corporation) ;
  • Kim, Bong-Gyu (Gas Quality and Flow Measurement Lab, R&D Division, Korea Gas Corporation) ;
  • Lee, Chang-Jun (Eco-Friendly Engine Research Institute, EngineTech Co., LTD.)
  • 투고 : 2011.03.18
  • 심사 : 2011.04.26
  • 발행 : 2011.07.01

초록

현재 상용되고 있는 CNG(Compressed Natural Gas) 엔진에서 천연가스 조성만 변경했을 때 엔진성능 변화를 실험적으로 규명하였다. 실험에 사용된 엔진은 6606 cc, 희박 연소, 공기 과급기가 장착된 타입이며, 점화 시기는 발열량 10454 kcal/$Nm^3$의 가스에 최적화하여 고정시켰다. 실험결과 LNG 발열량이 10454 kcal/$Nm^3$에서 9811 kcal/$Nm^3$과 9523 kcal/$Nm^3$으로 낮아질 때 출력의 경우 평균 3.2, 3.4 %(공연비 미 제어시 3.4, 4.7 %) 각각 낮아지고 열효율은 평균 1.1, 1.5 % 포인트(공연비 미 제어시 1.5, 2.1 % 포인트) 낮아지는 것으로 관찰되었다. 배가스의 경우, 발열량 저하에 따라 이산화탄소, 일산화탄소, 질소산화물의 배출 농도는 모두 감소하는 것으로 나타났으나 THC(Total Hydrocarbon)의 경우에는 일정한 경향이 보이지 않았고 변화량은 크지 않았다.

The performance and emission characteristics of a CNG (compressed natural gas) engine were experimentally investigated under different natural gas compositions. The engine specifications were as follows: 6606 cc, turbo, lean-burn-type; its ignition timing was fixed for the fuel gas with a HHV (higher heating value) of 10454 kcal/$Nm^3$. The experimental results showed that when the HHV of the fuel gas was changed from 10454 kcal/$Nm^3$ to 9811 kcal/$Nm^3$ and 9523 kcal/$Nm^3$, the average power reductions were 3.2 % and 3.4 % (1.5 % and 2.1 %, respectively, with A/F control switched off), respectively, and the average thermal-efficiency reductions were 1.1 % and 1.5 % (1.5 % and 2.1%, respectively, with A/F control switched off), respectively. The emissions of $CO_2$, CO, and $NO_x$ decreased as the HHV of the fuel gas was lowered. On the other hand, the emissions of THC (total hydrocarbon) were not consistent, and the extent of change in their emissions was small.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Korea Ministry of Knowledge Economy, 2009, "A Study on the Mid and Long-Term System for Calorific Value Range and Quality of Natural Gas."
  2. Lee, S., Her, J., Lee, S. and Ha, Y., et al., 2008, "A Countermeasure Study for the Impacts on KOGAS's Production/Transmission-Supplying System and Gas Consumer Caused by Low Caloric Natural Gas(LNG/PNG)," KOGAS Report No. 05-PA-GFPlan-010-31, Korea Gas Corporation.
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  5. International Organization for Standardization, 1995, "ISO 6976 : Natural Gas - Calculation of Calorific Values, Density, Relative Density and Wobbe Index from Composition," ISO, Geneva.
  6. International Organization for Standardization, 1998, "ISO/TR 5168 : Evaluation of Calculation Uncertainties," ISO, Geneva.
  7. Kubesh, T. J., 1992, "Effect of Gas Composition on Octane Number of Natural Gas," GRI-92/0150, Gas Research Institute(USA).
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피인용 문헌

  1. Effect of Low Calorific Natural Gas on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Engine vol.37, pp.12, 2013, https://doi.org/10.3795/KSME-B.2013.37.12.1129
  2. Performance and Emission Characteristics of GHP Engine at Different Natural Gas Heating Value vol.19, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7842/kigas.2015.19.1.1