The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY (한국해양학회지:바다)

The Korean Society of Oceanography (한국해양학회)
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Estuary Classification Based on the Characteristics of Geomorphological Features, Natural Habitat Distributions and Land Uses

하구의 지형적.자연서식지.이용개발특성에 따른 유형 분류

  • Lee, Kang-Hyun (Department of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myongji University) ;
  • Rho, Baik-Ho (Korea Environment Institute) ;
  • Choi, Hyun-Jeong (Department of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myongji University) ;
  • Lee, Chang-Hee (Department of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myongji University)
  • 이강현 (명지대학교 환경생명공학과) ;
  • 노백호 (한국환경정책평가연구원) ;
  • 조현정 (명지대학교 환경생명공학과) ;
  • 이창희 (명지대학교 환경생명공학과)
  • Received : 2010.07.20
  • Accepted : 2011.03.08
  • Published : 2011.05.31
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Abstract

Classification of estuaries based on their multi-component and multidisciplinary processes is important for the systematic management of estuaries. In this study, an integrated GlS-based analysis system including high resolution aerial photographies and topographic maps was used to classify 463 estuaries based on estuarine circulation pattern, geomorphological feature, natural habitat distribution and characteristics of land use. These estuaries were divided into two basic types, open and closed. Two hundred and thirty five systems were open estuaries comprising of forty one mountainous type (OM), eighty sevcn sandpit type (OS) and one hundred seven funnel type (OF). Each type of open estuary was further classified into three types based on habitat distribution and land use characteristics resulting in total ninc types of open estuaries. Two hundred and twenty eight estuaries were closed systems comprising of one hundred and forty four blocked type (CB directly) and eighty four lake type (CL, indirectly). CB type estuary was further classified into three types based on habitat distribution and land use characteristics. This estuarine classification scheme can be applied to provide a framework for effective management strategies of individual estuaries to estimate the management priority and strategy.

하구의 체계적인 관리를 위해서는 하구의 특성과 분포를 반영한 분류가 먼저 이루어져야 한다. 이 연구에서는 지리정보시스템, 고해상도 항공사진 및 지형도 등을 사용하여 우리나라의 463개 하구의 특성과 분포를 파악하였고, 이들 하구의 하구순환 유지 여부, 지형적 특성, 자연서식지 특성, 이용개발 특성에 기초하여 유형을 분류하였다. 하구 순환이 이루어지는 235개의 '열린하구'는 지형적 특성에 따라 '산지/절벽형', '사취형' 및 '깔대기형'으로 구분하였으며, 각 유형에 속하는 하구는 각각 41, 87, 107개로 분류되었다. 구분된 각 하구는 다시 자연서식지 특성과 이용 개발 특성에 따라 3가지 유형으로 세분하여, 열린하구는 총 9개의 유형으로 구분하였다. 하구순환이 차단된 228개의 '닫힌하구'는 차단 형태에 따라 '직접차단'과 '하구호' 형성에 의한 간접차단으로 구분하였다. 직접차단 형태의 하구를 다시 자연서식지 및 이용개발 특성에 따라 3가지 유형으로 세분하였으며 각 유형에 속하는 하구는 각각 25, 64, 55개로 분류되었다. 간접차단 하구는 84개가 파악되었으나 세분하지 않아 닫힌하구는 총 4개의 유형으로 구분되었다. 이 유형분류 체계는 하구의 지형적 특성, 자연서식지의 현황 및 토지이용 특성을 모두 반영하고 있어 국가 차원의 하구관리에 있어서 우선순위를 결정하고 관리방향을 설정하는데 효과적으로 활용할 수 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Grant : 하구역 습지훼손지역 복원 및 관리 기술개발 연구, 하구역 종합관리시스템 개발연구

Supported by : 한국환경산업기술원, 국토해양부

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