Journal of Plant Biotechnology

The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology (한국식물생명공학회)
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Structural and expression analysis of glutelin genes in Oryza sativa L.

벼 glutelin 유전자 구조 및 발현특성분석

  • Yoon, Ung-Han (Genomics Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Chang-Kug (Genomics Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Gang-Seob (Genomics Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Hahn, Jang-Ho (Genomics Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Jeong-Hwa (Genomics Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Yeon-Ki (Bioscience and Bioinformatics Division, MyongJi University) ;
  • Ji, Hyeon-So (Genomics Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Mun, Jeong-Hwan (Genomics Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Tae-Ho (Bioscience and Bioinformatics Division, MyongJi University) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Ho (Genomics Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA)
  • Received : 2011.05.25
  • Accepted : 2011.06.03
  • Published : 2011.06.30
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Abstract

Rice is one of the most important crop in the world, in particular for food resources. With its small genome size of 383 Mb, the Oryza sativa is a model plant for genome research. Indeed, it's grain provides human with a source of carbohydrates and proteins. Rice grain has relatively low protein contents (around 8%) compared to other legume seeds (around 40%). Osborne classified seed proteins into water soluble albumin, salt soluble globulin, alcohol soluble prolamin and acidic/alkaline solution soluble glutelin. Glutelin and prolamin are the major storage proteins in rice. For the gene expression study of seed storage proteins, we analyzed 33,192 EST clones at immature stages in a rice cultivar (Oryza sativa L. cv. 'Ilpum'). Based on the expression analysis, we cloned 11 glutelin genes and figured out the 8 genes are located on Chromosome 2. The expression of glutelin genes appears to be about 28.2% of total level in immature seeds. Interestingly, glu-04 is duplicated as inverted sequences on the same chromosomes as far 4.5 kb. Our results indicate that glutelin genes, evolutionarily, were replicated on the chromosome and thus expressed as specific manners. In a whole protein composition analysis, glu05 (type B7) contains the highest lysin contents (4.51%) among the 11 rice glutelin genes. It will be an interesting future work to increase lysin contents by the gene overexpressor strategy with the aim of improved diet nutritionally fortified.

벼는 세계에서 가장 중요한 작물이며 크기가 383Mb로 게놈연구 모델 작물로 이용되고 있다. 또한 그 종자는 인간에게 탄수화물과 단백질 영양원을 제공한다. 벼 종자의 단백질은 약 8%를 차지하며 40%를 차지하는 콩 종자의 단백질 양에 비하여 상대적으로 적은 양을 나타낸다. 오스본의 분류에 의하면 종자 단백질은 수용성의 albumin, 염용해성 globulin, 알코올 용해성 prolamin 그리고 약산 또는 알카리 용해성 glutelin으로 나누어진다. Glutelin과 prolamin은 벼의 주요 저장단백질이다. 벼 glutelin 저장단백질 유전자의 발현분석을 위하여 일품벼 미숙종자의 발현유전자 (EST) 분석을 행하였다. 그 결과 11종의 미숙종자 발현 glutelin 유전자를 분리 하였으며 8개의 유전자는 염색체 2번에 위치하였다. Glutelin 유전자 발현양은 전체 미숙종자 발현유전자의 약 28.2%를 차지하였다. 또한 glu-04의 경우 같은 염색체 상에서 4.5 kb 떨어진 곳에 역방향의 같은 염기서열로 복제되어 있었다. 이와 같은 결과는 glutelin 유전자는 진화학적으로 복제되어 염색체 특이적으로 발현하는 것을 나타낸다. 종자 11개 glutelin 유전자들의 아미노산서열분석을 통하여 lysin 함량을 조사한 결과 glu05-type B7에서 4.51%의 높은 lysin 함량을 나타내었다. 향후 유전자의 과발현체를 이용한 lysin 함량을 높이는 영양성 강화 연구가 요구되어진다.

Keywords

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