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Dynamic Model Based Ratio Calculation of Equivalent Reactance and Resistance of the Bulk Power Systems

동적모델을 이용한 대규모 전력계통의 등가 리액턴스와 저항 비율(X/R) 계산

  • Kook, Kyung-Soo (Department of Electrical Engineering, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Rho, Dae-Seok (School of IT Engineering, Korea Univ. of Technology and Education)
  • 국경수 (전북대학교 전기공학과 스마트그리드연구센터) ;
  • 노대석 (한국기술교육대학교 전기전자통신공학부)
  • Received : 2011.04.07
  • Accepted : 2011.06.09
  • Published : 2011.06.30

Abstract

This paper proposes the method for more effectively calculating X/R which is the ratio of equivalent reactance(X) and resistance(R) of the bulk power system and analyses the characteristic of X/R values by applying the proposed method to the real bulk power systems. X/R is used to determine the rating of the relay in the bulk power systems and its value has been accepted to be big enough to ignore the equivalent resistance of the bulk power systems. However, X/R is calculated as a big number when only the upper transformer and transmission line are considered. The correct approach to calculating X/R needs to consider all the parameters including generators, transformers, lines and loads. This paper calculates X/R of the bulk power systems using dynamic models which have been used to analyse the power system stability. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by applying it to the test system and X/R values of the real bulk power systems are analyzed. In addition, the dependence of X/R on the closeness of its calculating locations to the generator is verified by using the marginal loss factor which has been used in the electricity market.

본 논문은 발전기, 변압기, 선로 및 부하로 구성 되는 복합 전력계통의 등가 리액턴스와 저항의 비율인 X/R 값을 더욱 효과적으로 계산하는 방법을 제안하고 이를 통해 실제 전력계통의 X/R 값을 계산하고 그 특성을 분석한다. 전력계통에서 X/R값은 전력계통의 차단기 정격을 결정하기 위해 사용되는 매우 중요한 값으로 주요 선로의 특징에 따라 X/R 값이 매우 커 전력계통의 해석에서는 등가저항(R)값을 고려하지 않는 것으로 인식되어 왔으나 이는 복합 전력계통에서 선로측만을 고려하였을 경우이고 전력계통의 모든 구성요소룰 고려할 경우 등가저항(R)의 값도 무시해서는 안 될 수준이 된다. 본 논문에서는 전력계통 해석에 널리 사용하고 있는 동적모델을 이용하여 전력계통의 X/R 값을 계산하는 방법을 제안하고 이를 시험계통에 적용하여 그 유용성을 검증 한 후 실제 대규모 복합 전력계통에서의 X/R 값을 분석한다. 또한 본 논문에서는 전력시장에서 사용되어 온 한계손실계수를 이용하여 X/R값이 계산위치의 발전기 근접도에 따라 달라지는 특성을 분석한다.

Keywords

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