Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on Internal and External Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Intentions of Korean Professional Soldiers Waiting for Retirement: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Entrepreneurial Support Programs

전역예정 직업군인의 내적·외적요인이 창업의욕에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 창업지원프로그램의 매개효과를 중심으로

  • Kim, Yong-Shik (Department of Management. The Graduate School of Venture Hoseo University) ;
  • Ha, Kyu-Soo (Department of Management. The Graduate School of Venture Hoseo University)
  • 김용식 (호서대학교 벤처전문대학원 벤처경영학과) ;
  • 하규수 (호서대학교 벤처전문대학원 벤처경영학과)
  • Received : 2011.02.07
  • Accepted : 2011.05.12
  • Published : 2011.05.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to study internal and external factors affecting entrepreneurial intention of korean professional soldiers who are supposed to retire less than one year. Another main focus of this study is to find out whether there is mediating effect of entrepreneurial support programs for entrepreneurial intentions. In this research, data were collected from 361 officers and non-commission officers who are scheduled to retire from the military within 5 months to one year after at least 10 years of military service. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS using the regression analysis method. In this study, we found that internal factors did not positively affect entrepreneurial intentions, however, external factors positively affected entrepreneurial intentions. It was also found that entrepreneurial support programs played important role as moderating variables between social perceptions toward entrepreneurs and their entrepreneurial intentions. Based on these findings, implications of research implications are discussed, and recommendations for future research were provided.

본 연구는 창업의욕에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 전역예정 직업군인의 내적 외적 특성요인의 효과를 살펴보았다. 창업가의 특성요인과 창업의욕간의 인과관계를 창업지원프로그램의 매개변수를 고려하여 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 10년 이상 장기복무 후 전역을 5개월에서 1년을 앞두고 있는 직업 군인들을 대상으로 설문을 통해 자료를 수집하였으며 총 361명의 자료가 최종 분석에 사용되었다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 내적 특성요인은 창업의욕에 정적인 영향을 주지 못하는 것으로 나타났으나 외적 특성요인은 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 창업지원프로그램이 사회적 인식과 창업의욕 사이에서 매개 변수로서 역할하고 있음을 발견하였다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 연구의 시사점과 차후 연구 과제를 논의하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. 국방부, "취업지원 업무자료집", 국방취업지원센터, 2009.
  2. 유연호, "창업의지의 영향요인에 관한 실증연구": 경력지향성과 사회문화적요인 그리고 창업지원프로그램 참여의사를 중심으로, 호서대학교 벤처전문대학원 박사학위논문, 2008.
  3. 윤방섭, "창업의지의 결정요인": 개인 특성 및 환경요인, 산학경영 연구 17(2), 2004.
  4. 이윤성, "제대군인의 국가적 활용방안 연구", 국방위 국정감사 정책자료집, pp,1-2, 2009.
  5. 이지우, "개인특성과 창업의지 사이의 관계", 중소기업학회, 22(1), 2000.
  6. 장대성, "경영 및 공학 계열 대학생들의 창업교육과 창업의지에 관한 연구" 산업연구 12권 pp. 63-82, 2000.
  7. 하규수, "기업가의 사업실패 비용과 사업의욕에 관한 연구", 한양대학교 대학원 박사학위논문, 2009.
  8. Baron, G. & Kenny, D. A., "The moderate-mediator variables distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic and statistical consideration, journal of personality and social psychology", 51, pp. 1173-1182, 1986. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
  9. Bird, B., "Implementing entrepreneurial ideas: The case for intentions." Academy of management Review. 13. pp. 442-454, 1988.
  10. Brockhaus, R. H. & Horwits, P. S. "The psychology of the entrepreneur." In Sexton, D. L. & Smilor, R.W.(eds.), "The Art and Science of Entrepreneurship", Cambridge, Mass: Ballinger. pp. 25-48, 1986.
  11. Chandler, G. N. & Jansen, E., "The founder's self-assessed competence and venture performance." Journal of Business Venturing. 7(3), pp. 223-236. 1992. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(92)90028-P
  12. Crant, J. M., "The proactive personality scale as a predictor of entrepreneurial intentions." Journal of Small Business Management, 34(3) pp. 42-49. 1996.
  13. DeCarlo, J. F. & Lyons, R. L., "A comparison of selected personal characteristics of minority and non-minority female entrepreneurs." Journal of Small Business Management. 17(4), pp.22-29.1979.
  14. Dollonger, M. J., "Entrepreneurship: Strategies and Resources." 3rd ed. Burr Ringe, Il: Austen Press. pp.6-8. 2002.
  15. Dumas, C.," Evaluating the outcomes of micro-enterprise training for low income women. A case study." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 6(2) pp. 23-35, 2001.
  16. Friedman, M., "Milton Friedman Responds: A business and society review interview." Business and Society Review 1(1), pp. 5-16. 1972.
  17. Gartner, W. B & Vesper, K. H. "Experiments in entrepreneurship education: success and failures", Journal of Business Venturing, 9(3), pp. 472-485, 1994.
  18. Gnyawali. D. R. & Fogel. D. S., "Environments for entrepreneurship development: Key dimensions and research implications, entrepreneurship." Theory and Practice, 18(4). pp. 43-62, 1994.
  19. Herron, L. A. & Robinson, R. B., "A structural model of the effects of entrepreneurial characteristics on venture performance." Journal of business Venturing, 8(3), pp. 281-294, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(93)90032-Z
  20. Hayashi, S., "Culture and Management in Japan.", (trans. by Frank Baldwin), Tokyo: University of Tokyo, 1988.
  21. Manning, K., Bieley, S. & Norbun, D., "Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice." 14(1), pp. 68-76. 1989.
  22. Matsuno, K., Mentzer, J. T. & Ozsomer, A. "The Effects of Entrepreneurial Proclivity and Market Orientation on Business Performance", Journal of Marketing 66, pp.18-32. 2002. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.66.3.18.18507
  23. Mazzarol, T., Volery, T., Doss, N. & Thein, V. "Factors influencing small business start-ups." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 5(2), pp.48-63. 1999. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552559910274499
  24. Morris, M. H., "Entrepreneurship Theory and Practices." Journal of Business Venturing, p. 14, 1998.
  25. Redding, S .G., "Cultural effects in the marketing process in south-east Asia, Journal of the market research society." Vol. 24, pp. 98-114. 1993.
  26. Scherer, R. F., Adams, J. S., Carley, S. S. & Wiebe, F. A., "Role model performance effects on development of entrepreneurial career preference", Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 13(3). pp. 53-71. 1986.
  27. Schumpeter, J. A., "The theory of economic development: An Inquiry into Profit Capital, Credit, Interest and the Business Cycle." Cambridge, M. A: Harvard University Press. 1934.
  28. Smilor, R. W., "Managing the Incubator System: Critical Success Factors to Accelerate New Company Development", IEEE Transaction on Engineering Management, Vol. 34(3), pp.146-155. 1987.
  29. Sparrowe, R. T., Linden, R. C. & Kraimer, M. L., "Social networks and the performance of individual and groups. Academy of Management Journal, 44, pp. 316-325, 2001. https://doi.org/10.2307/3069458
  30. Van Dyne, L. Graham, J. W., & Dienesh, R. M., Organizational citizenship behavior: construct redefinition, measurement and validation, journal of Academy of Management, 37(4), pp. 765-802. 1994. https://doi.org/10.2307/256600
  31. Vangelis. S., Stefania. Z. & Andreas. A. L.. "Do entrepreneurship programmes raise entrepreneu-rial intention of science and engineering students? The effect of learning, inspiration and resources," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pp. 566-591, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2006.05.002