돈분 액비 관비가 오이의 생육 및 토양화학성에 미치는 영향

Effect of Pig Slurry Fertigation on Soil Chemical Properties and Growth and Development of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

본 연구는 시설 하우스 재배에서 돈분뇨 액비와 화학비료의 관비처리가 오이 생육, 무기성분 함량, 수량, 양분흡수량 및 이용률, 토양 화학성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 오이 재배 양식은 반촉성과 억제재배이며 시험 처리는 무비, 질소 기준으로 돈분뇨 액비 $26mg\;L^{-1}$, $52mg\;L^{-1}$ 및 화학비료 $52mg\;L^{-1}$ 4처리를 하였다. 돈분뇨 액비와 화학비료 처리는 초장에 차이가 없으나 돈분뇨액비 $26mg\;L^{-1}$ 처리에서 줄기와 뿌리의 생체중과 건물중이 많았다. 잎의 칼슘함량은 돈분뇨 액비 처리에서 낮았으며 뿌리의 칼륨함량은 화학비료 $52mg\;L^{-1}$ 처리에서 낮았다. 줄기의 칼슘함량은 화학비료 $52mg\;L^{-1}$에서 가장 낮았고 과실의 무기성분 함량은 처리간에 차이가 없었다. 돈분뇨 액비 및 화학비료를 처리에서 총수량은 반촉성재배에서 화학비료 $52mg\;L^{-1}$ 처리가 적었으며 비상품과 수량은 돈분뇨 액비 처리에서 적었다. 양분 이용률은 질소 4.2~13.0%, 인산은 1.9~2.0%, 칼륨은 8.3~30.9%로 칼륨, 질소, 인산 순이다. 토양 화학성 중 pH는 돈분뇨 액비 처리가 화학비료 처리보다 높았고 EC 및 질산태 질소함량은 화학비료 처리가 돈분뇨 액비 처리보다 많았다. 치환성 칼륨함량은 돈분뇨 액비 $52mg\;L^{-1}$ 처리구가 높았으며 칼슘과 마그네슘은 처리간에 차이가 없었다. 결과적으로 오이 관비 재배에서 토양 검정에 의한 돈분뇨 액비 시용은 화학비료 질소와 칼리를 대체할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

This study was conducted to evaluate fertigation effects of pig slurry (PS) and chemical fertilizer (CF) in cucumber by investigating the growth and yield, nutrient content and uptake, nutrient use efficiency, and soil characteristics in greenhouse cultivation. The cropping patterns of cucumber were semi-forcing culture and retarding culture, and the experiment involves four treatments: No fertilizer (NF), $26mg\;L^{-1}$ and $52mg\;L^{-1}$ of N application by slurry composting biofiltration liquefied fertilizer (SCBLF), and $52mg\;L^{-1}$ of N treatment by chemical fertilizer. The difference on the plant height of cucumber between SCBLF and CF treatments was no significant, but fresh weight and dry weight of stem and root were higher in $26mg\;L^{-1}$ SCBLF treatment. The Ca content of the leaf was lower in the treatments of SCBLF and the K content of the root was lower in the $52mg\;L^{-1}$ CF treatment. The Ca content of the stem was lowest in the $52mg\;L^{-1}$ CF treatment and the mineral content of the fruit showed no significant difference. In case of semi-forcing culture, the gross yield was lower in the $52mg\;L^{-1}$ CF treatment and the yield of unmarketable fruit was lower in the SCBLF treatments. The nutrient use efficiency of cucumber is as follows: K (8.3 ~ 30.9%), N (4.2 ~ 13.0%), P (1.9 ~ 2.0%). The SCBLF treatments showed higher figure in the soil pH than that of the CF treatment, while EC and the content of $NO_3$-N were higher in the CF treatment than the former. The content of exchangeable K was higher in the plot treated with $52mg\;L^{-1}$ SCBLF, and there were no significant differences in the content of Ca and Mg between the treatments. In conclusion, it is suggested that the application of liquefied manure made from pig slurry may be able to replace the use of chemical fertilizer in nitrogen and potassium.