Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (대한소아청소년정신의학회)
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Environmental Risk Factors for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Implications for Clinical Practice

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애의 환경요인과 임상적 의미

  • Kim, Jae-Won (Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
  • 김재원 (서울대학교 의과대학 정신과학교실)
  • Received : 2010.09.09
  • Accepted : 2011.11.03
  • Published : 2011.03.31
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Abstract

In this review, we have provided an overview of the environmental risk factors for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), focusing on the major environmental toxicants related to the disorder. Researchers have indicated that since the characteristics of ADHD are complex, the disorder’s etiology involves multiple genes of moderate effect interacting with environmental factors. The possible roles of prenatal and perinatal exposure have been the main focus of research on environmental risk factors for ADHD. Among environmental toxicants, we reviewed the potential effects on the development of ADHD of exposure to lead, nicotine, alcohol, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and dioxin. Further, for the each neurotoxicant, clinical prevention or intervention strategies aimed at reducing a child’s risk from environmental toxic insults have been presented.

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