Journal of Communications and Networks

The Korean Institute of Commucations and Information Sciences (한국통신학회)
권호 표지

Clustering Strategy Based on Graph Method and Power Control for Frequency Resource Management in Femtocell and Macrocell Overlaid System

  • Li, Hongjia (High Performance Network Lab, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) ;
  • Xu, Xiaodong (Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communication, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications) ;
  • Hu, Dan (Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communication, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications) ;
  • Tao, Xiaofeng (Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communication, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications) ;
  • Zhang, Ping (Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communication, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications) ;
  • Ci, Song (High Performance Network Lab, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) ;
  • Tang, Hui (High Performance Network Lab, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
  • Received : 2010.03.16
  • Accepted : 2011.08.28
  • Published : 2011.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In order to control interference and improve spectrum efficiency in the femtocell and macrocell overlaid system (FMOS), we propose a joint frequency bandwidth dynamic division, clustering and power control algorithm (JFCPA) for orthogonal-frequency-division-multiple access-based downlink FMOS. The overall system bandwidth is divided into three bands, and the macro-cellular coverage is divided into two areas according to the intensity of the interference from the macro base station to the femtocells, which are dynamically determined by using the JFCPA. A cluster is taken as the unit for frequency reuse among femtocells. We map the problem of clustering to the MAX k-CUT problem with the aim of eliminating the inter-femtocell collision interference, which is solved by a graph-based heuristic algorithm. Frequency bandwidth sharing or splitting between the femtocell tier and the macrocell tier is determined by a step-migration-algorithm-based power control. Simulations conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm showed the frequency-reuse probability of the FMOS reuse band above 97.6% and at least 70% of the frequency bandwidth available for the macrocell tier, which means that the co-tier and the cross-tier interference were effectively controlled. Thus, high spectrum efficiency was achieved. The simulation results also clarified that the planning of frequency resource allocation in FMOS should take into account both the spatial density of femtocells and the interference suffered by them. Statistical results from our simulations also provide guidelines for actual FMOS planning.

Keywords

References

  1. V. Chandrasekhar, J. Andrews, and A. Gatherer, "Femtocell networks: A survey," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 46, no. 9, pp. 59-67, Sept. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2008.4623708
  2. 3GPP TS 22.220, "Service requirements for home node B (HNB) and home eNode B (HeNB)," v10.3.0.
  3. X. Lagrange, "Multitier cell design," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 35, no. 8, pp. 60-64, Aug. 1997. https://doi.org/10.1109/35.606032
  4. 3GPP TR 25.967, "Home node B radio frequency (RF) requirements (FDD)," v9.0.0.
  5. Femto Forum, "Interference management in UMTS femtocells," [Online]. Available: http://www.femtoforum.org
  6. 3GPP TR 36.922, "LTE TDD home eNodeB RF requirements," v1.3.0.
  7. V. Chandrasekhar and J. G. Andrews, "Spectrum allocation in tiered cellular networks," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 57, no. 10, pp. 3059-3068, Oct. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2009.10.080529
  8. H. Lee, D. Oh, and Y. Lee, "Mitigation of inter-femtocell interference with adaptive fractional frequency reuse," in Proc. IEEE ICC, Cape Town, South Africa, 2010, pp. 1-5.
  9. I. Guvenc, Moo-Ryong Jeong, and F. Watanabe, "A hybrid frequency assignment for femtocells and coverage area analysis for co-channel operation," IEEE Commun. Letters, vol. 12, no. 12, pp. 880-882, Dec. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2008.081273
  10. V. Chandrasekhar and J. G. Andrews, "Uplink capacity and interference avoidance for two-tier femtocell networks," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 3498-3509, July 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2009.070475
  11. D. Lopez-Perez, G. de la Roche, A. Valcarce, A. Juttner, and J. Zhang, "Interference avoidance and dynaruic frequency planning for WiMax femtocells networks," in Proc. IEEE ICCS, Singapore, Nov. 2008, pp. 1579- 1584.
  12. H. Jo, C. Mun, J. Moon, and J. Yook, "Interference mitigation using uplink power control for two-tier femtocell networks," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 8, pp. 4906-4910, Oct. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2009.080457
  13. X. Chu, Y. Wu. L. Benmesbah, and B. Ling, "Resource allocation in Hybrid macro/femto networks," in Proc. IEEE WCNCW, Sydney, Australia, Apr. 2010.
  14. 3GPP TR 36.814, "Further advancements for E-UTRA physical layer aspects," v9.0.0.
  15. DSL Forum TR-069. "CPE WAN Management Protocol."
  16. S. Kim, M. Yoo, and Y. Shin, "A weighted combining wireless location algorithm for mobile-WiMax femto-cell environment," IEICE Trans. Commun., vol. E93-B, no. 3, Mar. 2010, pp. 749-752. https://doi.org/10.1587/transcom.E93.B.749
  17. 3GPP TR 36.300, "Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) and evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN)overall description," v9.0.0.
  18. R4-092042, "Simulation assumption and parameters for FDD HeNB RF requirements," Alcatel-Lucent, PicoChip Designs, and Vodafone, 2009.
  19. IEEE, "Part 16: Air interface for fixed and mobile broadband wireless access systems," IEEE Std. 802. 16e-2005, Feb. 2006.
  20. S. Sahni and T. Gonzalez, "P-complete approximation problems," Journal of the ACM, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 555-565, July 1976. https://doi.org/10.1145/321958.321975
  21. W. Fernandez, M. Karpinski, and C. Kenyon, "Approximation schemes for clustering problems," in Proc. ACM STOC, June 2003, pp. 50-58.
  22. R.Y. Chang, Z. Tao, J. Zhang, et aI., "Multicell OFDMA downlink resource allocation using a graphic framework," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 58, no. 7, pp. 3494-3507, Sept. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2009.2014384
  23. A. Gibbons, Algorithmic Graph Theory, Melbourne, Sydney: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
  24. N. Bambos, and G.J. Pottie, "Power control based admission policies in cellular radio networks," in Proc. IEEE GLOBECOM, Orlando, USA, Dec. 1992,pp.863-867.
  25. S.C. Chen, N. Bambos, and G.J. Pottie, "Admission control schemes for wireless communication networks with adjustable transmitter powers," in Proc. IEEE INFO COM, Toronto, Canada, June 1994, pp. 21-28.
  26. N.D. Bambos, S.C. Chen, and G.J. Pottie, "Radio link admission algorithms for wireless networks with power control and active link quality protection," in Proc. IEEE INFO COM, Boston, USA, Apr. 1995, pp. 97- 104.
  27. N. Bambos, "Toward power-sensitive network architectures in wireless communications: Concepts issues, and design aspects," IEEE Personal Commun., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 50-59, June 1998. https://doi.org/10.1109/98.683739
  28. J. Zander, "Performance of optimum transmitter power control in cellular radio systems," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 57-62, Feb. 1992. https://doi.org/10.1109/25.120145
  29. J. G. Proakis, Digital Communications, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004.
  30. D. S. Baum, J. Hansen, and J. Solo, "An interim channel model for beyond- 3G system: Extending the 3GPP spatial channel model (SCM)," in Proc. IEEE VTC, Stockholm, Sweden, May 2005, pp. 3132-3136.
  31. B. Bollobas, Modern Graph Theory, New York: Springer-Verlag Inc., 1988.
  32. RI-050507, "Soft frequency reuse scheme for UTRAN LTE," Huawei, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting 41, Athens, Greece, May 2005.
  33. F.R. Gantrnacher, The Theory of Matrices, New York: Chelsea, 1974.
  34. R. S. Varga, Matrix Iterative Analysis, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: PrenticeHall, 1962.