The Plant Pathology Journal

한국식물병리학회 (The Korean Society of Plant Pathology)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Ultrastructural Study on Induced Resistance of Cucumber Plants against Sphaerotheca fuliginea by Oligochitosan

  • Ma, Qing (Department of Plant Pathology, Northwest A&F University) ;
  • Zhao, Xiao-Ming (Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) ;
  • Sun, Hui (Department of Plant Pathology, Northwest A&F University) ;
  • Shang, Hong-Sheng (Department of Plant Pathology, Northwest A&F University)
  • 투고 : 2010.10.27
  • 심사 : 2011.02.12
  • 발행 : 2011.03.01
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The induced resistance of cucumber leaves treated with oligochitosan to the infection of the cucumber powdery mildew, Sphaerotheca fuliginea, was investigated using transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that when the plants were treated with oligochitosan and challenged with inoculum, a significant decrease of the disease occurred. The mycelial development in the treated leaves was markedly inhibited. The cytoplasm of the powdery mildew mycelium was aggregated, with its organelles disintegrated and the cytoplasm collapsed. The protoplasm in haustoria became electron-dense. Haustoria became malformed, their organelles disintegrated, the hausterial wall thickened and eventually the whole complex necrotized. The host cells produced defence structures and materials associated with infection and a hypersensitive response. The host cell wall was thickened and deeply stained; several layers of papilla structure were produced under the cell wall; dark materials were deposited between the cell wall and plasmalemma; extrahaustorial plasmalemma was deeply stained and extrahaustorial matrix appositions had large deposits of electron-dense material; the cytoplasm was disordered, host organelles disintegrated and eventually the whole host cell disintegrated and necrotized.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Adam, L., Ellwood, S., Wilson, I., Saenz, G., Xiao, S., Oliver, R. P., Turner, J. G. and Somerville, S. 1999. Comparison of Erysiphe cichoracearum and E. cruciferarum and a survey of 360 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions for resistance to these two powdery mildew pathogens. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 12: 1031-1043. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI.1999.12.12.1031
  2. Amini, J. 2009. Induced resistance in tomato plants against Fusarium wilt invoked by nonpathogenic Fusarium, chitosan and bion. Plant Pathol. J. 25:256-262. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2009.25.3.256
  3. Bartnicki-Garcia, S. 1968. Cell wall chemistry, morphogenesis, and taxonomy of fungi. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 22:87-108. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.mi.22.100168.000511
  4. Benhamou, N. 1992. Ultrastructural and cytochemical aspects of chitosan on Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici, agent of tomato crown and root rot. Phytopathology 82:1185-l193.
  5. Benhamou, N. and Belanger, R. R. 1998. Induction of systemic resistance to Pythium damping-off in cucumber plants by benzothiadiazole: Ultrastructure and cytochemistry of the host response. Plant J. 14:13-21. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-313X.1998.00088.x
  6. Benhamou, N., Lafontaine, P. J. and Nicole, M. 1994. Induction of systemic resistance to Fusarium crown and root rot in tomato plants by seed treatment with chitosan. Phytopathology 84:1432-1444. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-84-1432
  7. Cote, F. and Hahn, M. G. 1994. Oligosaccharins: structures and signal transduction. Plant Mol. Biol. 26:1379-1411. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00016481
  8. El Ghaouth, A., Arul, J., Grenier, J., Benhamou, N., Asselin, A. and Bblanger, R. 1994. Effect of chitosan on cucumber plants: Suppression of Pythium aphanidermatum and induction of defense reactions. Phytopathology 84:313-320. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-84-313
  9. El Ghaouth, A., Arul, J., Grenier, J. and Asselin, A. 1992. Antifungal activity of chitosan on two postharvest pathogens of strawberry fruits. Phytopathology 82:398-402. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-82-398
  10. Faoro, F., Maffi, D., Cantu, D. and Iriti, M. 2008. Chemical-induced resistance against powdery mildew in barley: the effects of chitosan and benzothiadiazole. BioControl 53:387-401. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-007-9091-3
  11. Goarlach, J., Volrath, S., Knauf-Beiter, G., Hengy, G., Beckhove, U., Kogel, K. H., Oostendorp, M., Staub, T., Ward, E., Kessmann H. and Ryals, J. 1996. Benzothiadiazole, a novel class of inducers of systemic acquired resistance, activates gene expression and disease resistance in wheat. Plant Cell 8:629-643. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.8.4.629
  12. Gozzo, F. 2003. Systemic acquired resistance in crop protection: From nature to a chemical approach. J. Agri. Food Chem. 51:4487-4503. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf030025s
  13. Hippe-Sanwald, S., Hermanns, M. and Somerville, S. C. 1992. Ultrastructural comparison of incompatible and compatible interaction in the barley powdery mildew disease. Protoplasma 168:27-40. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01332648
  14. Johnson, R. 2000. Classical plant breeding for durable resistance to diseases. J. Plant Pathol. 82:3-7.
  15. Koga, H., Zeyen, R. J., Bushnell, W. R. and Ahlstrand, G. G. 1988. Hypersensitive cell death, autofluorescence, and insoluble silicon accumulation in barley leaf epidermal cells under attack by Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 32:395-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0885-5765(88)80033-X
  16. Kogel, K.-H., Beckhove, U., Dreschers, J., Münch, S. and Romme, Y. 1994. Acquired resistance in barley: the resistance mechanism induced by 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid is a phenocopy of a genetically based mechanism governing race-specific powdery mildew resistance. Plant Physiol. 106:1269-1277. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.106.4.1269
  17. Levine, A., Tenhaken, R., Dixon, R. and Lamb, C. 1994. $H_2O_2$ from the oxidative burst orchestrates the plant hypersensitive disease resistance response. Cell 79:583-593. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(94)90544-4
  18. Ma, Q. and Shang, H. S. 2009. Ultrastructure of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) interacting with slow-rusting, highly resistant, and susceptible wheat cultivars. J. Plant Pathol. 91:597-606.
  19. Munoz, Z., Moret, A. and Garces, S. 2009. Assessment of chitosan for inhibition of Colletotrichum sp. on tomatoes and grapes. Crop Prot. 28:36-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2008.08.015
  20. Neuenschwander, U., Vernooij, B., Friedrich, L., Uknes, S., Kessmann, H. and Ryals, J. 1995. Is hydrogen peroxide a second messenger of salicylic acid in systemic acquired resistance?. Plant J. 8:227-233. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-313X.1995.08020227.x
  21. Reuveni, M. and Reuveni, R. 2000. Prior inoculation with nonpathogenic fungi induces systemic resistance to powdery mildew on cucumber plants. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 106:633-638. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008799105366
  22. Reuveni, M., Agapov, V. and Reuveni, R. 1995. Induced systemic protection to powdery mildew in cucumber plants by phosphate and potassium salts: effects of inoculum concentration and post-inoculation treatment. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 17:247-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/07060669509500686
  23. Reuveni, R., Dor, G., Raviv, M., Reuveni, M. and Tuzun, S. 2000. Systemic resistance against Sphaerotheca fuliginea in cucumber plants exposed to phosphate in hydroponics system and its control by foliar spray of mono-potassium phosphate. Crop Prot. 19:355-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-2194(00)00029-6
  24. Sticher, L., Mauch-Mani, B. and Metraux, J. P. 1997. Systemic acquired resistance. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 35:235-270. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.35.1.235
  25. Trotel-Aziz, P., Couderchet, M., Vernet, G. and Aziz, A. 2006. Chitosan stimulates defense reactions in grapevine leaves and inhibits development of Botrytis cinerea. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 114:405-413. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-006-0005-5
  26. Wurms, K., Labbe, C., Benhamou, N. and Bélanger, R. R. 1999. Effects of milsana and benzothiadiazole on the ultrastructure of powdery mildew haustoria on cucumber. Phytopathology 89:728-736. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.9.728
  27. Yin, H., Li, S., Zhao, X., Du, Y. and Ma, X. 2006. cDNA microarray analysis of gene expression in Brassica napus treated with oligochitosan elicitor. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 44:910-916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2006.10.002
  28. Zhang, H., Du, Y. G., Yu, X. J., Mitsutomi, M. and Aiba, S. 1999. Preparation of chitooligosaccharides from chitosan by a complex enzyme. Carbohydr. Res. 320:257-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6215(99)00154-8
  29. Zhao, X. M., Du, Y. G. and Bai, X. F. 2004. Field experiments of oligochitosan controlling plant virus disease. Chin. Agric. Sci. Bull. 20:245-247.
  30. Zhao, X. M., She, X. P., Yu, W. T., Du, Y. G. and Liang, X. M. 2007. Effects of oligochitosan on tobacco cells and role of endogenous nitric oxide burst in the resistance of tobacco to Tobacco Mosaic Virus. J. Plant Pathol. 89:69-79.

피인용 문헌

  1. Biological control mechanisms of D-pinitol against powdery mildew in cucumber vol.88, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2014.09.001