Korean Journal of Weed Science (한국잡초학회지)

The Korean Society of Weed Science & The Turfgrass Society of Korea Archive (한국잡초학회 & 한국잔디학회)
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Herbicidal Activity and KAPAS Inhibition of Juglone with Potential as Natural Herbicide

천연 Naphthoquinone계 Juglone의 KAPAS 저해 및 제초활성 특성

  • Choi, Jung-Sup (Green Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Lim, Hee-Kyung (Green Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Seo, Bo-Ram (Green Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Seog (Green Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Choi, Chun-Whan (Green Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Kim, Young-Sup (Green Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Ryu, Shi-Yong (Green Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
  • 최정섭 (한국화학연구원 그린화학연구본부) ;
  • 임희경 (한국화학연구원 그린화학연구본부) ;
  • 서보람 (한국화학연구원 그린화학연구본부) ;
  • 김진석 (한국화학연구원 그린화학연구본부) ;
  • 최춘환 (한국화학연구원 그린화학연구본부) ;
  • 김영섭 (한국화학연구원 그린화학연구본부) ;
  • 류시용 (한국화학연구원 그린화학연구본부)
  • Received : 2011.09.08
  • Accepted : 2011.09.23
  • Published : 2011.09.30
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Abstract

The potential of juglone a plant naphthoquinone as a natural herbicide on new target, 7-keto-8-amino pelargonic acid synthetase (KAPAS) in the early step of biotin biosynthesis pathway, was performed in vitro and in vivo. Juglone effectively inhibited KAPAS activities in vitro and the $IC_{50}$ was $9.5{\mu}M$. Foliar application of juglone showed very good herbicidal activity to the eight-tested weed species. Among them, Solanum nigrum was completely controlled at a concentration of $250{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ with main symptoms of desiccation or burndown. Digitaria sanguinalis and Aeschynomene indica were also sensitive to juglone treatment. All eight weed species were controlled by 90~100% at a concentration of $500{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$. However, soil application of juglone to Digitaria sanguinalis did not show any herbicidal symptoms. Cellular leakage from cucumber leaf squares treated with juglone increased depending on the concentrations increased from 6.25 to $100{\mu}M$ after 24 hours incubation with or without light. However, chlorophyll loss in cucumber leaf squares was negligible. Biotin supplements significantly rescued the inhibition of germination rate of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds previously inhibited by the juglone. Our results suggest that the juglone is a possible environmental friendly herbicide candidate with a new target KAPAS inhibiting activity.

식물 유래 naphthoquinone계 juglone의 신규 제초제 작용점 KAPAS에 대한 in vitro 및 in vivo에서의 활성 평가를 통해 천연물 유래 제초제로서의 가능을 검토하였다. Juglone은 농도의존적인 반응으로 KAPAS를 효과적으로 저해하였으며, 50% 저해농도는 $9.5{\mu}M$이었다. 바랭이(Digitaria sanquinalis)에 대한 경엽처리에서 juglone 125, 250, 500 및 $1000{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ 농도에서의 활성정도는 각각 70, 95, 100 및 100%이었다. 또한, 8종의 화본과 및 광엽잡초에 대한 juglone 2,000 및 $1000{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ 농도에서의 살초력은 완전하였으며(100%), $500{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$에서도 90~100%이었다. Juglone을 처리했을 때 나타나는 주요 증상은 고사(desiccation) 또는화염상(burndown)이었다. Juglone 처리에 의한 전해물질 누출은 광조건에 관계없이 농도의존적으로 일어났으나, 엽록소 함량 감소 정도는 광조건에서도 경미한 수준이었으며, 암 조건에서는 전혀 일어나지 않았다. Juglone에 의해 억제되었던 애기장대 종자의 발아율은 biotin 공급에 의해 뚜렷하게 회복되었다. 이상의 실험에 결과에 의하면 천연 naphthoquinone계 juglone은 신규 제초제 작용점 KAPAS를 효과적으로 저해하는 친환경적인 천연물 유래 제초제로서의 가능성을 확인하였다.

Keywords

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