The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY (한국해양학회지:바다)

The Korean Society of Oceanography (한국해양학회)
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Coastal Current Along the Eastern Boundary of the Yellow Sea in Summer: Numerical Simulations

여름철 황해 동부 연안을 따라 흐르는 연안 경계류: 수치 모델 실험

  • Kwon, Kyung-Man (Department of Oceanography, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University) ;
  • Choi, Byoung-Ju (Department of Oceanography, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Ho (Department of Oceanography, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University) ;
  • Cho, Yang-Ki (School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jang, Chan-Joo (Climate Change & Coastal Disaster Research Department, KORDI)
  • 권경만 (군산대학교 해양과학대학 해양학과) ;
  • 최병주 (군산대학교 해양과학대학 해양학과) ;
  • 이상호 (군산대학교 해양과학대학 해양학과) ;
  • 조양기 (서울대학교 지구환경과학부) ;
  • 장찬주 (한국해양연구원 기후변화연안재해연구부)
  • Received : 2011.07.06
  • Accepted : 2011.11.09
  • Published : 2011.11.30
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Abstract

Coastal boundary current flows along the eastern boundary of the Yellow Sea and its speed was about 0.l m/s during the summer 2007. In order to find major factors that affect the coastal boundary current in the eastern Yellow Sea, three-dimensional numerical model experiments were performed. The model simulation results were validated against hydrographic and current meter data in the eastern Yellow Sea. The eastern boundary current flows along the bottom front over the upper part of slopping bottom. Strength and position of the current were affected by tides, winds, local river discharge, and solar radiation. Tidal stirring and surface wind mixing were major factors that control the summertime boundary currents along the bottom front. Tidal stirring was essential to generate the bottom temperature front and boundary current. Wind mixing made the boundary current wider and augmented its north-ward transport. Buoyancy forcing from the freshwater input and solar radiation also affected the boundary current but their contributions were minor. Strong (weak) tidal mixing during spring (neap) tides made the northward transport larger (smaller) in the numerical simulations. But offshore position of the eastern boundary current's major axis was not apparently changed by the spring-neap cycle in the mid-eastern Yellow Sea due to strong summer stratification. The mean position of coastal boundary current varied due to variations in the level of wind mixing.

여름철 황해 동부 연안 저층에 형성되는 수온전선을 따라 북쪽으로 흐르는 연안 경계류의 크기와 위치에 영향을 주는 요소들을 3차원 수치모형인 ROMS를 이용하여 살펴보았다. 여름에 수심이 깊은 외해에서는 태양 가열로 강한 성층에 존재하지만 수심이 얕은 연안에서는 조류가 일으키는 저층 혼합으로 해수물성이 연직으로 잘 혼합된다. 이 과정에서 성층화된 외해와 연직 혼합이 잘되고 수온이 높은 연안 사이에서 수온전선이 형성되며, 수온전선을 가로 지르는 방향의 밀도 구배에 의해 수온전선을 따라 북쪽으로 흐르는 연안 경계류가 발생함을 확인하였다. 해류계를 이용한 현장 관측에서도 약 10 cm/s로 북상하는 연안 경계류가 관측되었다. 이러한 수온전선을 따라 북쪽으로 흐르는 연안 경계류는 주로 조류와 바람의 영향을 크게 받는다. 조류에 의한 저층 혼합과 바람에 의한 표층 혼합이 여름철 황해 동부 경계류에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 요소다. 바람에 의한 표층 혼합은 북쪽으로 흐르는 황해 동부 연안 경계류의 폭을 더 넓게 하여 수송량을 증가시킨다. 강물의 유입과 일사량의 변화는 연안 경계류의 세기와 위치 변화에 큰 영향을 주지 않는다. 성층이 강하게 이루어지는 여름철 황해 동부 연안 $36^{\circ}N$에서는 대조기(소조기) 동안 강한(약한) 조류가 북쪽으로 흐르는 해류의 수송량을 증가(감소)시키지만, 동안 경계류의 위치를 크게 변화시키지는 않는다. 연안 경계류의 평균적인 위치는 바람의 세기 변화에 따라 변화하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 한국연구재단

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