Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회지)

Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회)
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The Morphologic Characteristics of Step-pool Structures in a Steep Mountain Stream, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do

강원도 춘천시 근교의 산지계류에 형성된 계단상 하상구조의 특징

  • Kim, Suk Woo (Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Chun, Kun Woo (Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Park, Chong Min (Department of Forest and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Nam, Soo Youn (Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lim, Young Hyup (Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Young Seol (Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University)
  • 김석우 (강원대학교 산림환경과학대학 산림자원학과) ;
  • 전근우 (강원대학교 산림환경과학대학 산림자원학과) ;
  • 박종민 (전북대학교 농업생명과학대학 산림환경과학과) ;
  • 남수연 (강원대학교 산림환경과학대학 산림자원학과) ;
  • 임영협 (강원대학교 산림환경과학대학 산림자원학과) ;
  • 김영설 (강원대학교 산림환경과학대학 산림자원학과)
  • Received : 2011.02.11
  • Accepted : 2011.03.21
  • Published : 2011.06.30
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Abstract

The geometric characteristics of step-pool structures and how they are influenced by channel characteristics were investigated in a steep mountain stream in the Experimental Forests of Kangwon National University in Chuncheon, Gangwon-do. Average values of steps for the study reaches were as follows: step spacing, 4.69 m; step height, 0.47 m; step drop, 0.71 m; step-forming particle sizes, 0.68 m; number, 21steps/ 100 m; the ratio of step spacing to channel width, 0.5; and step steepness, 0.13. Relationships between spacing and height of steps and channel gradient showed a negative- and positive correlation, respectively, whereas all geometric variables of steps manifested poor correlation with channel width. Therefore, step steepness, expressed as the ratio of step height to step spacing, increased as channel gradient increased. The ratio of step steepness to channel gradient representing the criterion of maximum flow resistance was 1.2, indicating the channel bed's stable condition. In particular, the relationship between the ratio of step drop to step height and channel gradient showed a significant negative correlation, suggesting the influence of step-pool geometry in trapping sediment and providing an aquatic habitat. Positive correlations also exist between spacing and drop of steps and step particles. Our findings suggest that the dynamics of step-pool structures may strongly control physical and ecological environments in steep mountain streams, so understanding them is essential for stream management.

강원도 춘천시 근교의 강원대학교 산림환경과학대학 학술림 내의 산지계류를 대상으로 계단상 하상구조의 기하학적 특성과 이에 대한 계류 지형인자들과의 관계를 분석하였다. 조사구간에 형성된 스텝의 간격, 높이 및 낙차의 평균값은 각각 4.69 m, 0.47 m 및 0.71 m, 스텝의 구성입경은 평균 0.68 m, 스텝의 형성개수는 100 m당 평균 21 개인 것으로 나타났다. 스텝의 간격은 하폭대비 약 0.5로 선행연구들에 비해 작은 것으로 나타났으며, 스텝의 기울기는 평균 0.13이었다. 스텝의 각 기하학적 특성과 하폭과의 사이에는 모두 상관관계가 존재하지 않았으나, 스텝의 간격과 높이는 하상경사와 각각 부 정의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 또한 스텝의 기울기는 하상경사와 정의 상관을 보였고, 하상경사와의 비가 1.2로 나타나 유수에 대한 최대저항조건을 만족하며 비교적 안정상태를 유지하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 하상경사는 계단상 하상구조의 기하학적 형상(스텝의 낙차와 높이의 비)에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 스텝의 간격과 낙차는 거석의 입경과 모두 정의 상관관계를 보였다. 이러한 결과들로부터 계단상 하상구조의 동태는 산지계류의 물리 생태적 환경에 큰 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단되며, 산지가 대부분인 우리나라의 계류관리에 있어서 특히 중요하게 인식되어야 할 것이다.

Keywords

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