Morphological multivariate analyses of Isodon excisus complex (Lamiaceae) in Korea

  • Kim, Sang-Tae (School of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, and Basic Science Institute, Sungshin University) ;
  • Ma, Youn-Ju (School of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, and Basic Science Institute, Sungshin University)
  • 투고 : 2011.09.05
  • 심사 : 2011.09.20
  • 발행 : 2011.09.30

초록

The taxonomy of the Isodon excisus complex has been ambiguous and problematic because the morphological characters, especially characters related to the leaf distinguishing subgroups of the complex in the original descriptions, are variable. To elucidate the taxonomic structure of the I. excisus complex in Korea, 34 characters were measured from 70 OTUs representing different locations and analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA). The analysis showed that principle component axis 1, 2, 3 (PC1, PC2, PC3) represents 52.0% of the total variance and characters showing high loading values for PC1 were leaf shape, density of non-glandular hairs on the lower surface of the leaf, and characters related to the teeth of the leaf. The length of apical tooth and the angle between two widest points of the leaf were highly correlated to PC2 and PC3, respectively. Three-dimensional scatter plotting of OTUs for PC1, PC2, and PC3 axis showed that the areas of previously recognized three subgroups of I. excisus completely overlapped. Our result supported that just one taxon, I. excisus var. excisus, should be recognized in the complex at the variety level.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Chung, T. H. 1957. Korean Flora. Kyoyouksa, Seoul (in Korean).
  2. Hara, H. 1972. On the asiatic species of the genus Rabdosia (Labiatae). J. Jpn. Bot. 47: 193-203.
  3. Halrey, R. M., Atkins, S., Budantsev, A. L., Cantino, P. D., Conn, B. J., Grayer, R., Harley, M. M., De Kok, R., Krestovskaja, T., Morales, R., Paton, A., Ryding, O. and Upson T. 2004. Labiatae. In The Families and Genera of Vascular Plant, Vol. VII. - Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons (Lamiales Except Acanthaceae Including Avicenniaceae). Kadereit, J. W. (ed.). Springer Verlag, Berlin and Heidelberg.
  4. Iwatsuki, K., T. Yamazaki, D. E. Boufford and H. Ohba. 1993. Flora of Japan. Kodansha, Tokyo.
  5. Judd, W. S., Campbell, C. S., Kellogg, E. A., Stevens, P. F. and Donoghue, M. J. 2008. Plant Systematics: A phylogenetic Approach. 3rd ed. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland.
  6. Kim, H., H. S. Lee, S. Park and C.-S. Chang. 2005. Invalid names published by T. B. Lee. Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 35: 211-226 (in Korean).
  7. Korea National Arboretum and the Plant Toxonomic Society of Korea. 2007. A Synonymic List of Vascular Plants in Korea. Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon (in Korean).
  8. Kudo, Y. 1929. Memories of the Faculty of Science and Agriculture. Vol II. No. 2. Taihoku Imperial University, Formosa.
  9. Lee, T. B. 1985. Illustrated Flora of Korea. Hyangmunsa, Seoul (in Korean).
  10. Lee W. C. 1996. Standard Illustrations of Korean Plants. Academy Publ., Seoul (in Korean).
  11. Lee, Y. N. 1996. Flora of Korea. Kyohaksa, Seoul (in Korean).
  12. Li, H. 1988. Taxonomic review of Isodon (Labiatae). J. Arnold Arbor. 69: 289-395.
  13. Li, H. and I. C. Hedge. 1994. Flora of China. Vol. 17. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden, Beijing.
  14. Mabberley, D. J. 1987. The Plant-Book: A Portable Dictionary of the Higher Plants. Cambridge University Press, New York.
  15. Maki, M., Yamashiro, T., Dohzono, I. and Suzuki, K. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of Isodon (Lamiaceae) in Japan using chloroplast DNA sequences: recent rapid radiations or ancient introgressive hybridization?. Pl. Spec. Biol. 25: 240-248. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-1984.2010.00290.x
  16. Maximowicz, C. J. 1859. Primitiae Florae Amurensis. St. Petersburg, Leipzig.
  17. Mori, T. 1921. An enumeration of plants hitherto known from Korea. The government of Chosen, Seoul.
  18. Nakai, T. 1911. Flora Koreana. J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 31: 1-573.
  19. Nakai, T. 1915. Chiisan shokubutsu Chosa hokoku-sho. (Flora of Chiisan). 1-98. (in Japanease).
  20. Nakai, T. 1921. Labiatae coreanae. Bot. Mag.(Tokyo) 35: 191-205.
  21. Rohlf, F. J. 1992. NTSYS-pc. Ver. 1.70. Exeter software, New York.
  22. Sneath, P. H. A. and R. R. Sokal. 1973. Numerical Taxonomy: The Principles and Practice of Numerical Classification. W. H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco.
  23. Zhong, J.-S., Li, J., Li, L., Conran, J. G. and Li, H. 2010. Phylogeny of Isodon (Schrad. ex Benth.) Spach (Lamiaceae) and related genera inferred from nuclear ribosomal ITS, trnL-trnF region, and rps16 intron sequences and morphology. Syst. Bot. 35: 207-219. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364410790862614