Neonatal Medicine

The Korean Society of Neonatology (대한신생아학회)
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Hypernatremia and Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Very Low Birth Weight Infants(<1,250 g)

극소 저체중 출생아(<1,250 g)에서 고나트륨혈증 발생 및 뇌출혈과의 관계

  • Lee, Soo-Ho (Department of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine) ;
  • So, Cheol-Hwan (Department of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Keum, Seung-Hoon (Department of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Yoo, Seung-Taek (Department of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Choi, Doo-Young (Department of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Oh, Yeon-Kyun (Department of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University College of Medicine)
  • 이수호 (원광대학교 의과대학 소아청소년과학교실) ;
  • 소철환 (원광대학교 의과대학 소아청소년과학교실) ;
  • 금승운 (원광대학교 의과대학 소아청소년과학교실) ;
  • 유승택 (원광대학교 의과대학 소아청소년과학교실) ;
  • 최두영 (원광대학교 의과대학 소아청소년과학교실) ;
  • 오연균 (원광대학교 의과대학 소아청소년과학교실)
  • Published : 2011.05.31
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Abstract

Purpose: Hypernatremia most frequently occurs in the immature newborn and be severe in association with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). This study examined the frequency, onset and risk factors of hypernatremia, and the relationship between hypernatremia and IVH in very low birth weight (VLBW; <1,250 g) infants. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 55 VLBW infants admitted between January 2006 and December 2009 to the neonatal intensive care unit of Wonkwang University Hospital and who survived over 7 days. Serum sodium concentration, sodium intake, fluid and weight loss, as suggested risk factors of hypernatremia, and the incidence of IVH were evaluated. The infants were divided into a hypernatremia group (${\geq}$150 mEq/L) and nonhypernatremia group, and were compared. Results: Incidence of hypernatremia in the VLBW infants was 52.7%, and mean starting time of hypernatremia was 2.8${\pm}$1.3 days. There were no differences in the sodium and fluid intake between the two groups. Weight loss at day 3 after birth was significantly higher in the hypernatremia compared to the nonhypernatremia group (P<0.05); thereafter weight loss was non-significantly higher. The incidence of IVH in VLBW infants was 38.2%, and the difference between the two groups was not significant. Conclusion: Hypernatremia occurs commonly in VLBW infants and is most commonly caused by weight loss in the early days after birth. Incidence of IVH is not likely influenced by hypernatremia with marginally elevated sodium concentration.

목적: 고나트륨혈증은 미숙아에서 자주 볼 수 있으며 심한 경우 뇌출혈을 일으킬 수 있다. 이에 미숙아 중 극소 저체중 출생아(<1,250 g)에서 과나트륨혈증의 발생빈도, 출현시기, 발생의 위험요인을 알아보며, 뇌출혈 발생과의 관계도 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 2006년 1월부터 2009년 12월까지 원광대학교 병원NICU에서 7일 이상 생존하였던 1,250 g 미만의 극소 저체중 출생아 55예를 대상으로 하였다. 환아들의 의무기록을 이용하여 출생 후 6일 동안 고나트륨혈증의 발생빈도, 출현시기, 고나트륨혈증 유발의 위험 요인으로 알려진 Na 투여량, 수액 공급량, 소변배출양, 체중 감소, 그리고 뇌출혈 발생 유무를 후향적으로 조사하고, 이들을 혈청 나트륨이 단 1회라도 150 mEq/L 이상으로 검사된 경우의 고나트륨혈증군과 비고나트륨혈증군으로 구분하여 비교 하였다. 결과: 1,250 g 미만의 극소 저체중 출생아에서, 1) 고나트륨혈증의 빈도는 52.7%이고, 처음 출현한 시기는 출생 후 2.8${\pm}$1.3일이었다. 2) 고나트륨혈증을 보인 군의 Na 투여량이 보이지 않은군에 비해 더 많아 보였으나 의의는 없었다. 3) 고나트륨혈증을 보인 군과 보이지 않은 군의 수액투여량은 차이가 없었다. 4) 고나트륨혈증을 보인 군과 보이지 않은 군의 소변배출량은 차이가 없었다. 5) 고나트륨혈증을 보인 군(3.52${\pm}$2.19%)의 체중 감소가 보이지 않은 군(2.00${\pm}$3.24%)에 비해 생후 3일째 의의 있는 감소를 보였으며(P<0.05) 이후에도 체중감소의 정도가 더 심하였으나 의의는 없었다. 6) 뇌출혈의 빈도는 38.2% (21/55명)이었으며, 고나트륨혈증을 보인 군(14/29명, 41.4%)과 보이지 않은 군(9/26명, 34.6%)의 뇌출혈 발생 빈도의 차이는 의의가 없었다. 결론: 극소 저체중 출생아에서 출생초기의 고나트륨혈증은 자주 유발되며 출생 초기의 심한 체중감소가 발생의 중요 요인으로 보이나, 약간 높은 혈청내 Na 농도는 뇌출혈 발생에 영향이 적은 것으로 보인다.

Keywords

References

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