The Prevalence of Work Related Sickness Absences According to the Second Korean Working Condition Survey

2차 근로환경조사를 이용한 취업자의 업무 관련 건강 문제로 인한 결근율

  • Hong, Ki-Hun (Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency) ;
  • Kim, Dae-Seong (Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency) ;
  • Kwon, Oh-Jun (Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency) ;
  • Kim, Eun-A (Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency)
  • 홍기훈 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 김대성 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 권오준 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 김은아 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원)
  • Published : 2011.12.31

Abstract

Objectives: Worker's health is an important index used to evaluate working conditions and to prioritize prevention policies. However, this index has never before been calculated in Korea. The purpose of this study was to calculate the prevalence of health problems caused by work related sickness absences using the second Korean Working Condition Survey (KWCS) conducted in 2010. Methods: The second KWCS was conducted from June to October 2010 as a household survey for employed workers. The work related sickness absence rate was estimated using gender, age, business size, occupational status, level of education, and level of income. A logistic regression was performed in order to evaluate the relationship of the work related sickness absence with general characteristics and work-related conditions. Results: The rate of work related sickness absence was 1.8(${\pm}$0.2)% for all workers, with 6.0(${\pm}$0.3)% of it being in agriculture, forestry, and fishing, and 2.2(${\pm}$0.5)% in manufacturing. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) were the most common work related disorder [1.01(${\pm}$0.12)%], followed by psychiatric disorders [0.18(${\pm}$0.05)%], and respiratory disorders [0.14(${\pm}$0.04)%]. The highest odds ratio (OR) for the work related sickness absence rate was in self-employed workers with employees (OR=2.23, 95%CI=1.05~4.74). Conclusions: The work related sickness absence rate for all workers, both self-employed and employed, including agriculture, forestry and fishing workers, and wholesale and retail trade workers was 1.8(${\pm}$0.2)%. Because the KWCS was based on a self-reported questionnaire survey, this figure might be overestimated. In addition, it might omit chronic occupational disease and death cases.

목적: 근로자의 건강 문제는 근로환경을 평가할 수 있는 중요한 지표이다. 하지만 건강 문제의 중요 지표인 직업병에 대한 공식 통계는 보상 자료라는 한계로 인해 건강 문제의 정확한 규모를 알 수 없어, 2010년 근로환경 조사를 이용하여 업무 관련 건강 문제로 인한 결근율을 통해 건강 문제의 규모를 추정하고자 하였다. 방법: 본 연구는 2010년 6월 20일부터 10월 10일까지 면접 조사를 시행한 근로환경조사에 포함된 취업자 10,019명을 대상으로 하였다. 성, 연령, 사업장 규모, 종사상 지위, 학력 수준, 소득 수준 및 산업에 따른 업무관련 건강 문제로 인한 결근율을 계산하고 회귀분석을 통해 그에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 요인을 분석하였다. 결과: 업무 관련 건강 문제로 인한 결근율은 1.8(${\pm}$ 0.2)%였다. 산업별 결근율은 농업, 임업 및 어업이 6.0(${\pm}$0.9)%로 가장 높았고, 제조업은 2.2(${\pm}$0.5)%였다. 질환 종류는 근골격계 질환이 가장 많았고, 다음은 정신 건강문제, 호흡기 질환 순이었다. 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과 업무 관련 건강 문제로 인한 결근율에 대한 고용원이 있는 자영업자의 비차비가 2.23(1.05~4.74)으로 높았고, 성, 연령, 학력 수준, 소득 수준에 따른 비차비는 유의한 결과를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 본 연구에서 자영업자와 피고용자, 농업, 임업 및 어업과 도매 및 소매업을 포함한 전체 취업자의 업무 관련 건강 문제로 인한 결근율은 1.8%였다. 하지만 업무 관련 건강 문제로 인한 결근율은 의학적 진단이 부족한 질환에 의한 결근이고 만성 질환과 질병에 의한 사망자가 누락되었으므로, 과소평가 또는 과대평가의 가능성이 존재한다. 보다 정확한 직업병을 통한 건강 문제의 규모를 파악하기 위해서는 이를 목적으로 잘 기획된 연구가 필요하다.

Keywords

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