Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

  • 제23권2호
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  • Pages.149-163
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  • 2011
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  • 1225-3618(pISSN)
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  • 2052-4374(eISSN)
대한직업환경의학회 (The Korean Society of Occupational & Environmental Medicine)
권호 표지

국민건강영양조사(제 4기)에서 추정된 취업자의 업무상 손상 경험률과 근무관련 요인

Estimated Occupational Injury Rate and work Related Factors Based on Data From the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

  • 정달영 (인하대학교병원 산업의학과) ;
  • 김환철 (인하대학교병원 산업의학과) ;
  • 임종한 (인하대학교병원 산업의학과) ;
  • 박신구 (인하대학교병원 산업의학과) ;
  • 이동훈 (인하대학교병원 산업의학과) ;
  • 이승준 (인하대학교병원 산업의학과) ;
  • 김기웅 (인하대학교병원 산업의학과)
  • Jung, Dal-Young (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Hwan-Cheol (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital) ;
  • Leem, Jong-Han (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital) ;
  • Park, Shin-Goo (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Hoon (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Seung-Jun (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Gee-Woong (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital)
  • 발행 : 2011.06.30
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 국민건강영양조사 제4기(2007~2009년)에 참여한 취업자를 대상으로 업무상 손상 규모를 추정하고 업무상 손상과 관련된 근무환경 요인을 확인하는 것이다. 방법: 제4기 국민건강영양조사 건강설문조사에 참여한 총 23,632명 중 현재 취업을 하고 있다고 응답한 10,062명을 최종 분석대상으로 하였다. 최근 1년 동안 근무 중 병원 치료를 받아야 했던 사고나 중독을 경험한 자를 '업무상 손상 경험자(occupational injury)' 로 정의하고 Complex Samples Frequencies 명령어를 시행하여 업무상 손상 경험률을 추정하였다. 다친 부위, 기전, 치료시설 등을 추가로 확인하고 인구학적 특성, 근무관련 특성, (물리화학적, 인간공학적, 사회심리적)근무환경에 따른 업무상 손상 경험률을 추정하였으며 업무상 손상 경험유무를 종속변수로 하고 개인적 특성, 근무 특성, 근무환경을 독립변수로 한 Complex Samples Logistic Regression을 시행하여 독립변수별 업무상 손상의 모집단내 보정된 비차비의 추정치와 95% 신뢰구간을 산출하였다. 결과: 취업자 중 연간 1회 이상 업무상 손상을 경험한자는 3.5%였고, 4일 이상 결근을 한 업무상 손상 경험자는 1.7%였다. 전일제 임금근로자로 국한해서 분석을 하면 업무상 사고 경험률은 3.8%, 4일 이상 결근을 한 업무상 사고 경험률은 1.9%로 약간 상승하였다. 일반적, 직업관련 변수를 상호보정한 다변량 로지스틱회귀분석에서, 남성은 여성에 비해 (OR=1.92, 95%CI: 1.32~2.80), 교육수준이 대졸이상인 군에 비해 고졸(OR=1.62, 95%CI: 1.06~2.46)과 초졸(OR=2.16배, 95%CI: 1.26~3.73)인 군에서 업무상 손상 위험이 높았다. 또한, 성별, 가구월평균소득, 교육수준, 흡연, 음주빈도, 주당근무시간, 근무시간제에 대해 보정한 다변량로지스틱회귀분석에서, 공기오염물질(OR=1.40; 95%CI:1.05~1.85), 소음(OR=1.31; 95%CI: 1.01~ 1.70), 생물학적 요인(OR=1.60; 95%CI: 1.13~2.28)에 노출되는 군, 근무장소가 불결하고 덜 쾌적하거나 일이 위험하고 사고 당할 가능성이 있다고 응답한 군 (OR=1.79;95%CI: 1.33~2.41), 불편한 자세로 장시간 일하거나 중량물을 들거나 옮기는 일이 많은 군 (OR=1.49;95%CI: 1.11~2.00)에서 업무상 손상 경험 비차비가 유의하게 높았다. 결론: 국민건강영양조사에 포함된 손상관련 문항을 활용하여 추정한 우리나라 취업자의 연간 업무상사고 손상률은 3.8%였으며 전일제 임금근로자에서 4일 이상 결근을 한 업무상사고 손상률은 1.9%로 추정되었다. 또한 공기오염물질, 소음, 생물학적 오염물질에 노출되고, 인간공학적으로 열악한 근무환경에서 일하는 근로자가 업무상 손상의 위험이 더 높음을 확인하였다.

Objectives: This study used representative national survey data of Korean workers to estimate the occupational injury rate and to identify factors associated with occupational injuries. Methods: We analyzed data from the fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2007 to 2009 using the Complex Samples Frequencies procedure of the SPSS to estimate the occupational injury rate. Complex Samples Logistic Regression was performed to calculate a nationally representative odds ratios that reflects the likelihood of specific individual attributes and job characteristics being associated with occupational injuries. We did this while controlling for relevant covariates. Results: It was estimated that 3.5% of Korean workers have suffered at least one occupational injury and 1.9% of full-time employed workers have suffered occupational injuries which required more than 4 days of absence during the year. After adjustment for confounding variables, the experience of occupational injuries was related to several job characteristics, including exposure to hazards such as: air pollutants (OR=1.40; 95%CI: 1.05~1.85), noise (OR=1.31; 95%CI: 1.01~1.70), biological hazards (OR=1.60; 95%CI: 1.13~2.28), a difficult physical environment (OR=1.79; 95%CI: 1.33~2.41), and difficult ergonomic work (e.g. work involving awkward posture or heavy lifting) (OR=1.49; 95%CI: 1.11~2.00). Conclusions: Using national survey data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to estimate the occupational injury rate and to identify predictors of work-related injuries has several advantages. Futhermore, these results suggest that a hazardous work environment is associated with occupational injury.

키워드

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