Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Antioxidative and Antimicrobial Effects of Internal Organs of Aplysia kurodai Fractions

군소내장 분획물의 항산화 및 항균효과

  • Shin, Mi-Ok (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Silla University)
  • 신미옥 (신라대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2010.09.03
  • Accepted : 2010.10.13
  • Published : 2010.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of internal organs of Aplysia kurodai (AK). The internal organs of AK were extracted with methanol (AKM), which was then further fractionated into four subfractions by using solvent partition method, affording hexane (AKMH), methanol (AKMM), butanol (AKMB), and aqueous (AKMA) soluble fractions. The antioxidative activity of fractions from AK was investigated by measuring the scavenging activities of AK against DPPH radical, peroxynitrite ($ONOO^-$) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Among the various solvent fractions, AKMB showed a marked scavenging effect against DPPH radical, peroxynitrite ($ONOO^-$) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The antimicrobial activity was increased in proportion to its concentration by the paper disk method. Among the various solvent fractions, AKMM fractions of AK showed the strongest antimicrobial activities. The methanol extracts exhibited antimicrobial activity against all organisms tested, while the hexane extracts showed antimicrobial activity only against Proteus vulgaris. The results suggest that the AK may be suitable for development as a food preservative and alternative antioxidant.

본 연구는 해양생물 중 페기되어지인 군소내장을 추출하고 각 용매별로 분획하여 항산화 효과 및 항균활성을 측정하였다. DPPH free radical 소거활성을 측정하여 항산화 활성효과를 알아 본 결과 AKMB층이 $286.66\;{\mu}g/mL$에서 50%의 DPPH free radical의 소거활성을 보여 가장 높은 항산화 효과를 나타내었다. ROS 제거활성 측정 결과에서도 AKMB층이 가장 높은 항산화 효과를 나타내었으며 $54.73\;{\mu}g/mL$에서 50%의 ROS 제거 활성을 나타내었고, $ONOO^-$ 제거활성 역시 AKMB층이 가장 높게 나타났으며, $65.64\;{\mu}g/mL$에서 50%의 $ONOO^-$ 제거활성을 나타냈다. 또한 paper disc method를 이용한 항균효과 실험결과, Proteus vulgaris의 경우는 AKMH층과 AKMM층의 두층에서 높은 항균활성을 나타내었고, 그 외 사용한 모든 균주에서는 AKMM층에서 가장 높은 항균활성을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과로 항산화효과는 군소내장의 부탄올 분획층인 AKMB층에서 가장 높았으며, 항균효과는 주로 메탄올 분획층인 AKMM층에서 높은 항균활성을 나타내었다. 따라서 군소내장의 AKMB층과 AKMM층에서 항산화 활성과 항균력을 나타내는 효과적인 생리활성물질이 함유되어 있을 것으로 사료되어지며, 앞으로 더욱 심도 있는 연구를 통하여 이러한 물질들의 분리를 위한 연구가 더 필요한 것으로 판단되며 이러한 활성성분을 이용한 식품 저장성과 안전성 향상을 위한 항산화제, 식품첨가제 및 천연 식품 보존제 등의 개발 가능성이 기대되어진다.

Keywords

References

  1. Stratton SP, Liebler DC. 1997. Determination of singlet oxygen-specific versus radical-mediated lipid peroxidation in photosensitized oxidation of lipid bilayers: effect of beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol. Biochemistry 36: 12911-12920. https://doi.org/10.1021/bi9708646
  2. Rice-Evans C, Burdon R. 1993. Free radical-lipid interactions and their pathological consequences. Prog Lipid Res 32: 71-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/0163-7827(93)90006-I
  3. Schneider JE, Price S, Maidt L, Gutteridge JM, Floyd RA. 1990. Methylene blue plus light mediates 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine formation in DNA preferentially over strand breakage. Nucleic Acids Res 18: 631-635. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.3.631
  4. Wright A, Bubb WA, Hawkins CL, Davies MJ. 2002. Singlet oxygen-mediated protein oxidation: evidence for the formation of reactive side chain peroxides on tyrosine residues. Photochem Photobiol 76: 35-46. https://doi.org/10.1562/0031-8655(2002)076<0035:SOMPOE>2.0.CO;2
  5. Wayner DD, Burton GW, Ingold KU, Barclay LR, Locke SJ. 1987. The relative contributions of vitamin E, urate, ascorbate and proteins to the total peroxyl radical-trapping antioxidant activity of human blood plasma. Biochim Biophys Acta 924: 408-419. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4165(87)90155-3
  6. Yu HE, Leaniza MM, Bae YJ, Lee DH, Park JS, Kwak HS, Kim HK, Lee JS. 2005. Screening and extraction condition of antiaging bioactive substances from medicinal plants. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 34: 1136-1142. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2005.34.8.1136
  7. Namiki M. 1990. Antioxidants/antimutagens in food. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 29: 273-300. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408399009527528
  8. Cho MH, Bae EK, Ha SD, Park JY. 2005. Application of natural antimicrobials to food industry. Food Sci Ins 38: 36-45.
  9. Lee JH, Lee SR. 1994. Some physiological activity of phenolic substances in plant foods. Korean J Food Sci Technol 26: 317-323.
  10. Park JC, Choi JW. 1996. Screening of marine natural products on inhibitory effect of the formation of lipid peroxidation. Kor J Pharmacogn 27: 117-122.
  11. Choe BL, Lee JR. 1994. Opisthobranchs (mollusca: gastropoda) from Ullung and Dog-do islands, Korea. Korean J Zool 37: 352-376.
  12. Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Jessell TM. 2000. Principles of neural science. 4th ed. Mc Graw-Hill, New York, USA. p 180.
  13. Kim HS, Choe BL. 1981. The fauna of marine invertebrate in Ulreung is and Dog-do is, special report. The Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources 19: 193-200.
  14. Lee JS, Min DK. 2002. A catalogue of molluscan fauna in Korea. Opisthobranchs 18: 93-97.
  15. Nishiwaki S, Ueda H, Makioka T. 1975. Tagging studies on the growth of the sea hare Aplysia kurodai on an intertidal rocky shore. Marine Biology 32: 389-395. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00388996
  16. Tusa Y. 1994. Size-related egg production in a simultaneous hermaphrodite, the sea hare Aplysia kurodai baba (mollusca: opisthobranchia). Publ Seto Mar Biol 36: 249-254. https://doi.org/10.5134/176236
  17. Kim CH, Seo HJ, Hwang EY, Kim EJ, Go HJ, Kim IH, Seo JK, Moon JH, Huh MD, Park NG. 2001. Purification of myomodulin A and myomodulin E from the central nervous system of the sea lare, Aplysia kurodai. J Korean Fish Soc 34: 279-284.
  18. Lloyd PE, Kuufermann I, Weiss KR. 1987. Sequence of small cardioactive peptide A: A second member of a class of neuropeptides in Aplysia. Peptides 8: 179-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/0196-9781(87)90184-7
  19. Morris HR, Panico M, Karplus A, Lloyd PE, Riniker B. 1982. Elucidation by FAB-MS of the structure of a new cardioactive peptide from Aplysia. Nature 300: 643-645. https://doi.org/10.1038/300643a0
  20. Seo JH, Jeong YJ, Lee GD, Lee MH. 1999. Monitoring characteristics of protease isolated from squid viscera. J East Asian Soc Dietary Life 9: 195-199.
  21. Kim JH, Ha JH, Lee EH. 1997. Refining of squid viscera oil. J Kor Soc Appl Biol Chem 40: 294-300.
  22. Jeong YJ, Seo JH. 2001. Quality characteristics for doenjang using squid internal organs. Korean J Food Sci Technol 33: 89-93.
  23. Oh SC, Cho JS. 2002. The change of non-volatile organic acids in low salt fermented squid affected by adding to squid ink. J Korean Oil Chem Soc 20: 64-71.
  24. Shim JH, Kim KM, Bae DH. 2003. Comparisons of physicochemical and sensory properties in noodles containing spinach juice, beetroot juice and cuttlefish ink. Food Eng Prog 7: 37-43.
  25. Blois MS. 1958. Antioxidant determination by the use a stable free radical. Nature 181: 1199-1200. https://doi.org/10.1038/1811199a0
  26. Paraiathathu T, Kegrer JP. 1992. Production of reactive oxygen by mitochondria from normoxic and hypoxic rat heart tissue. Free Radic Biol Med 13: 289-297. https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(92)90176-H
  27. Crow JP. 1997. Dichlorodihydrofluorescein and dihydrorhodamine 123 are sensitive indicators of peroxynitrite in vitro: implications for intracellular measurement of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species. Nitric Oxide 1: 145-157. https://doi.org/10.1006/niox.1996.0113
  28. Davidson PM, Parish ME. 1989. Methods for testing the efficacy of food antimicrobials. J Food Sci Technol 1: 148-155.
  29. Lee SH, Shin JH, Koo MO, Jung ES, Jeon GI, Park EJ, Park HR, Lee SC. 2007. Antigenotoxic activities of extracts from anglerfish. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 36: 1229-1234. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2007.36.10.1229
  30. Bae SJ. 2004. Studies on the antioxidative and antimicrobial effects of Chondria crassicaulis. J Life Sci 14: 411-416. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2004.14.3.411
  31. Jung YH, Jung BM, Kang DY, Ku MJ, Shin MO, Bae SJ. 2006. The antioxidative and antimicrobial effects of Gloiopeltis tenax. Korean J Nutr 39: 366-371.
  32. Lee HJ, Kim YA, Ahn JW, Lee BJ, Moon SG, Seo YW. 2004. Screening of peroxynitrite and DPPH radical scavenging activities from salt marsh plants. Korean J Biotechnol Bioeng 19: 57-61.
  33. Jeong CH, Bae YI, Shim KH, Choi JS. 2004. DPPH radical scavenging effect and antimicrobial activity of plantain (Plantago asiatica L.) extracts. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 33: 1601-1605. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2004.33.10.1601
  34. Lee HJ, Lee BJ, Lee DS, Seo TW. 2003. DPPH radical scavenging effect and in vitro lipid peroxidation inhibition by Potulaca oleracea. Korean J Biotechnol Bioeng 18: 165-169.
  35. Ames BN, Shigenoga MK, Hagen TM. 1993. Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci 90: 7915-7922. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.90.17.7915
  36. Harman D. 1956. Aging: a theory based on free radical and radiation chemistry. J Gerontol 2: 298-300.
  37. Shin MO, Bae SJ. 2009. The anticarcinogenic and antioxidative activity of Hemicentrotus pulacherrimus fractions in various cancer cells. J Life Sci 19: 607-614. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2009.19.5.607
  38. Kang DY, Shin MO, Shon JH, Bae SJ. 2009. The antioxidative and antimicrobial effects of Celastrus orbiculatus. J Life Sci 19: 52-57. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2009.19.1.052
  39. Carr AC. 2000. Oxidation of LDL by myeloperoxidase and reactive nitrogen species: reaction pathways and antioxidant protection. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20: 1716-1723. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.20.7.1716
  40. Chung HY, Kim HJ, Kim KW, Chio JS, Yu BP. 2002. Molecular inflammation hypothesis of aging based on the anti-aging mechanism of calorie restriction. Micro Res Techinq 59: 264-272. https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.10203
  41. Pannala AS, Rice-Evans CA, Halliwell B, Singh S. 1997. Inhibition of peroxynitrite-mediated tyrosine nitration by catechin polyphenols. Biochem Biophy Res Commu 232: 164-170. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1997.6254

Cited by

  1. Immune Regulating Effect of Polysaccharide Fraction from Sea Hare (Aplysia kurodai) vol.40, pp.3, 2011, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.3.372
  2. A Study on the Dyeing of Silk Fabrics Treated with Aplysia kurodai Extract vol.21, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.5934/KJHE.2012.21.4.791
  3. Antioxidative Properties of Mackerel Scomber japonicus Fed a Diet Fortified with Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Ascidian Halocynthia roretzi Tunic Extract vol.44, pp.3, 2011, https://doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2011.0183
  4. The Antioxidative Effect of Ethanol Extracts from Lithospermum erythrorhizon Siebold & Zucc., Xanthium strumarium Linn, and Lonicera japonica vol.23, pp.5, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2013.23.5.643
  5. Reduction of Asthmatic Parameters by Sea Hare Hydrolysates in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma vol.9, pp.7, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9070699