DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of Organic Acid Salts and Chitosan on Case-Ready Packed Ground Beef and Pork Patties

  • Park, Seon-Hee (Department of Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Chung, Seung-Hee (GO Foodtech Institute) ;
  • Lee, Sung-Ki (Department of Animal Products and Food Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Keun-Taik (Department of Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
  • Received : 2010.06.09
  • Accepted : 2010.07.28
  • Published : 2010.08.31

Abstract

The effects of ascorbic acid (AA) alone or in combination with sodium acetate/calcium lactate (AA+SACL) and chitosan (AA+CH) on the physicochemical properties and microbial growth of beef and pork patties stored at $5^{\circ}C$ were investigated. The patties were case-ready packed in an air-containing polypropylene (PP) tray and sealed with polyethylene terephthlate (PETP)/casted polypropylene (CPP) top film. Treatments with AA, AA+SACL and AA+CH were effective in inhibiting total aerobic bacteria from day 4 compared to the control. In general, thiobarbituric acid, volatile basic nitrogen, and hue values in treated samples were lower than the control over the storage, whereas Hunter ${\alpha}^*$ (redness) values and sensory scores for surface color and off-odor were higher. Regarding quality and shelf-life extension, ground beef and pork patties treated with AA+SACL produced the most desirable results among all treatments during storage.

Keywords

References

  1. Adams, M. R. and Hall, C. J. (1988) Growth inhibition of food-borne pathogens by lactic and acetic acids and their mixtures. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 23, 287-292.
  2. Ahn, D. U. and Nam, K. C. (2004) Effects of ascorbic acid and antioxidants on color, lipid oxidation and volatiles of irradiated ground beef. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 71, 149-154.
  3. Banon, S., Diaz, P., Rodriguez, M., Garrido, M. D., and Price, A. (2007) Ascorbate, green tea and grape seed extracts increase the shelf life of low sulphite beef patties. Meat Sci. 77, 626-633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.05.015
  4. Belcher, J. N. (2006) Industrial packaging developments for the global meat market. Meat Sci. 74, 143-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.04.031
  5. Bloma, H., Nerbrinkc, E., Dainty, R., Hagtvedt, T., Borch, E., Nissen, H., and Nesbakkend, T. (1997) Addition of 2.5% lactate and 0.25% acetate controls growth of Listeria monocytogenes in vacuum-packed, sensory-acceptable servelat sausage and cooked ham stored at $4{^{\circ}C}$. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 38, 71-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1605(97)00088-3
  6. Bradford, D. D., Huffman, D. L., Egbert, W. R., and Jones, W. R. (1993) Low-fat fresh pork sausage patty stability in refrigerated storage with potassium lactate. J. Food Sci. 58, 1245-1253. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1993.tb06157.x
  7. Chen, N. and Shelef, L. A. (1992) Relationship between water activity, salts of lactic acid, and growth of Listeria monocytogenes in a meat model system. J. Food Prot. 55, 574-578.
  8. Cheng, J. H., Wang, S. T., and Ockerman, H. W. (2007) Lipid oxidation and color change of salted pork patties. Meat Sci. 75, 71-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.06.017
  9. Conway, E. J. (1958) Microdiffusion analysis and volumetric error. The MacMillian Co., NY.
  10. Darmadji, P. and Izumimoto, M. (1994) Effect of chitosan in meat preservation. Meat Sci. 38, 243-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(94)90114-7
  11. Daun, H., Solberg, M., Franke, W., and Gilbert, S. (1971) Effect of oxygen-enriched atmospheres on storage quality of packaged fresh meat. J. Food Sci. 36, 1011-1014.
  12. Decker, E. A. and Xu, Z. (1998) Minimizing rancidity in muscle foods. Food Technol. 52, 54-59.
  13. Doherty, A. M., Scheridan, J. J., Allen, P., MacDowell, D. A., and Blair, I. S. (1996) Physical characteristics of lamb primals packaged under vacuum or modified atmospheres. Meat Sci. 42, 315-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(95)00040-2
  14. Eilert, S. J. (2005) New packaging technologies for the 21 century. Meat Sci. 71, 122-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.04.003
  15. Georgantelis, D., Ambrosiadis, I., Katikou, P., Blekas, G., and Georgakis, S. A. (2007) Effect of rosemary extract, chitosan and $\alpha$-tocopherol on microbiological parameters and lipid oxidation of fresh pork sausages stored at $4{^{\circ}C}$. Meat Sci. 76, 172-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.10.026
  16. Gill, C. O. and Tan, K. H. (1980) Effect of carbon dioxide on growth of meat spoilage bacteria. Appl. Env. Microbiol. 39, 317-319.
  17. Giroux, M., Quattara, B., Yefsah, R., Smoragiewicz, W., Saucier, L., and Lacroix, M. (2001) Combined effect of ascorbic acid and gamma irradiation on microbial and sensory characteristics of beef patties during refrigerated storage. J. Agric. Food Chem. 49, 919-925. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf000544k
  18. Gray, J. L. and Pearson, A. M. (1987) Rancidity and warmed-over flavor. In: Advances in meat research. Pearson, A. M. and Dutson, T. R. (eds), Van Nostrand, NY, Vol. 3, pp. 221-270.
  19. Hayes, J. E., Stepanyan, V., Allen, P., O'Grady, M. N., and Kerry, J. P. (2010) Effect of lutein, sesamol, ellagic acid and olive leaf extract on the quality and shelf-life stability of packaged raw minced beef patties. Meat Sci. 84, 613-620. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.10.020
  20. Helander, I. M., Nurmiaho-Lassila, E. L., Ahvenainen, R., Rhoades, J., and Roller, S. (2001) Chitosan disrupts the barrier properties of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 71, 235-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1605(01)00609-2
  21. Jensen, J. M., Robbinsa, K. L., Ryan, K. J., Homco-Ryana, C., McKeith, F. K., and Brewer, M. S. (2003) Effects of lactic and acetic acid salts on quality characteristics of enhanced pork during retail display. Meat Sci. 63, 501-508. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(02)00111-0
  22. Jo, C., Lee, J. W., Lee, K. H., and Byun, M. W. (2001) Quality properties of pork sausage prepared with water-soluble chitosan oligomer. Meat Sci. 59, 369-375. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(01)00089-4
  23. Kannan, G., Kouakou, B., and Gelaye, S. (2001) Color changes reflecting myoglobin and lipid oxidation in chevon cuts during refrigerated display. Small Ruminant Research 42, 67-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4488(01)00232-2
  24. Kanatt, S. R., Chander, R., and Sharma, R. (2008) Chitosan and mint mixture: A new preservative for meat and meat products. Food Chem. 107, 845-852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.08.088
  25. KFIA (Korea Food Industry Association). (2009) Food Code. pp. 76-80.
  26. Knorr, D. (1982) Functional properties of chitin and chitosan. J. Food Sci. 47, 593-595. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1982.tb10131.x
  27. Kulshrestha, S. A. and Rhee, K. S. (1996) Precooked reduced-fat beef patties chemical and sensory quality as affected by sodium ascorbate, lactate and phosphate. J. Food Sci. 61, 1052-1055. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1996.tb10931.x
  28. Laleye, L. C., Lee, B. H., Simard, R. E., Carmichael, L., and Holley, R. A. (1984) Shelf life of vacuum- or nitrogenpacked pastrami: Effects of packaging atmospheres, temperature and duration of storage on physicochemical and sensory changes. J. Food Sci. 49, 832-837. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1984.tb13223.x
  29. Lawrence, T. E., Dikeman, M. E., Hunt, M. C., Kastner, C. L., and Johnson, D. E. (2004) Effects of enhancing beef longissimus with phosphate plus salt, or calcium lactate plus non-phosphate water binders plus rosemary extract. Meat Sci. 67, 129-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2003.09.015
  30. Lee, B. J. and Hendricks, D. G. (1997) Metal-catalyzed oxidation of ascorbate, deoxyribose and linoleic acid as affected by phytic acid in a model system. J. Food Sci. 62, 935-938. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1997.tb15010.x
  31. Lee, B. J., Hendricks, D. G., and Cornforth, D. P. (1999) A comparison of carnosine and ascorbic acid on color and lipid stability in a ground beef patty model system. Meat Sci. 51, 245-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(98)00121-1
  32. Lee, H. Y., Park, S. M., and Ahn, D. H. (2003) Effect of storage properties of pork dipped in chitosan solution. J. Kor. Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 32, 519-525. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2003.32.4.519
  33. Lee, K. T. and Yoon, C. S. (2001) Quality changes and shelf life of imported vacuum-packaged beef chuck during storage at $0{^{\circ}C}$ Meat Sci. 59, 71-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(01)00054-7
  34. Lee, K. T., Choi, W. S., and Yoon, C. S. (2004) Effects of micro-perforated film on the quality and shelf-life improvements of pork loins during chilled storage. Meat Sci. 66, 77-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(03)00017-2
  35. Lopez-Caballero, M. E., Gomez-Guillen, M. E., Perez-Mateos, M., and Montero, P. (2005) A chitosan-gelatin blend as a coating for fish patties. Food Hydrocolloids 19, 303-311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2004.06.006
  36. Lund, M. N., Hviid, M. S., and Skibsted, L. H. (2007) The combined effect of antioxidants and modified atmosphere packaging on protein and lipid oxidation in beef patties during chill storage. Meat Sci. 76, 226-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.11.003
  37. Maca, J. V., Miller, R. K., and Acuff, G. R. (1997) Microbiological, sensory and chemical characteristics of vacuumpackaged ground beef patties treated with salts of organic acids. J. Food Sci. 62, 591-596. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1997.tb04438.x
  38. Martinez, L., Cilla, I., Beltran, J. A., and Roncales, P. (2007) Effect of illumination on the display life of fresh pork sausages packaged in modified atmosphere. Influence of the addition of rosemary, ascorbic acid and black pepper. Meat Sci. 75, 443-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.07.021
  39. McWilliam Leitch, E. C. and Stewart, C. S. (2002) Susceptibility of Escherichia coli O157 and non-O157 isolates to lactate. Letters in Applied Microbiology 35, 176-180. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1472-765X.2002.01164.x
  40. Miller, R. K. and Acuff, G. R. (1994) Sodium lactate affects pathogens in cooked beef. J. Food Sci. 59, 15-19. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1994.tb06886.x
  41. Mitsumoto, M., Faustman, C., Cassens R. G., Arnold, D. M., Schaefer, D. M., and Scheller K. K. (1991) Vitamins E and C improve pigment and lipid stability in ground beef. J. Food Sci. 56, 194-197. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1991.tb08010.x
  42. Mitsumoto, M., O'Grady, M. N., Kerry, J. P., and Buckley, D. J. (2005) Addition of tea catechins and vitamin C on sensory evaluation, colour and lipid stability during chilled storage in cooked or raw beef and chicken patties. Meat Sci. 69, 773-779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.11.010
  43. Mitsumoto, M., Faustman, C., Cassens, R. G., Arnold, R. N., Schaefer, D. M., and Scheller, K. K. (2006) Vitamins E and C improve pigment and lipid stability in ground beef. J. Food Sci. 56, 194-197.
  44. Monahan, F. J. (2000) Oxidation of lipids in muscle foods: fundamental and applied concerns. In: Antioxidants in muscle foods. Decker, E. A. Faustman, C. and Lopez-Bote, C. J. (eds), Wiley, NY, pp. 3-23.
  45. Moon, S. S., Kim, Y. T., Jin, S. K., and Kim, I. S. (2008) Effects of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium lactate and calcium ascorbate on the physic-chemical properties and sensory characteristics of sodium-reduced pork patties. Kor. J. Food Sci. Ani. Resour. 28, 567-573. https://doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.5.567
  46. Naveena, B. M., Sen, A. R., Kingsly, R. P., Singh, D. B., and Kondaiah, N. (2008) Antioxidant activity of pomegranate rind powder extract in cooked chicken patties. Int. J. Sci. Technol. 43, 1807-1812. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2007.01708.x
  47. Realini, C. E., Duckett, S. K., and Windham, W. R. (2004) Effect of vitamin C addition to ground beef from grass-fed or grain-fed sources on color and lipid stability, and prediction of fatty acid composition by near-infrared reflectance analysis. Meat Sci. 68, 35-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.02.002
  48. Rhee, K. S., Krahl, L. M., Lucia, L. M., and Acuff, G. R. (1997) Antioxidative/antimicrobial effects and TBARs in aerobically refrigerated beef as related to microbial growth. J. Food Sci. 62, 1205-1210. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1997.tb12245.x
  49. Rojas, M. C. and Brewer, M. S. (2007) Effect of natural antioxidants on oxidative stability of cooked, refrigerated beef and pork. J. Food Sci. 72, 282-288. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00335.x
  50. Roller, S. (2003) Chitosan: new food preservative or laboratory curiosity? In: Natural antimicrobials for the minimal processing of foods. Roller, S. (ed), Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge, UK, pp. 159-175.
  51. Sagoo, S., Board, R., and Roller, S. (2002) Chitosan inhibits growth of spoilage microorganisms in chilled pork products. Food Microbiol. 19, 175-182. https://doi.org/10.1006/fmic.2001.0474
  52. Sallam, Kh. I. and Samejima, K. (2004) Microbiological and chemical quality of ground beef treated with sodium lactate and sodium chloride during refrigerated storage. Lebensm.- Wiss. u.-Technol. 37, 865-871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2004.04.003
  53. Samelis, J. and Sofos, J. N. (2003) Organic acids. In: Natural antimicrobials for the minimal processing of foods. Roller, S. (ed), Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge, UK, pp. 98-132.
  54. Sanchez-Escalante, A., Djenane, D., Torrescano, G., Beltran, J. A., and Roncales, P. (2001) The effects of ascorbic acid, taurine, carnosine, and rosemary powder on colour and lipid stability of beef patties packaged in modified atmosphere. Meat Sci. 58, 421-429. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(01)00045-6
  55. Sanchez-Escalante, A., Djenane, D., Torrescano, G., Beltran, J. A., and Roncales, P. (2003) Antioxidant action of borage, rosemary, oregano, and ascorbic acid in beef patties packaged in modified atmosphere. J. Food Sci. 68, 339-344. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb14162.x
  56. Seyfert, M., Hunt, M. C., Ahnström, L. M., and Johnson, D. E. (2007) Efficacy of lactic acid salts and sodium acetate on ground beef colour stability and metmyoglobin-reducing activity. Meat Sci. 75, 134-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.06.022
  57. Smulders, F. J. M. and Greer, G. G. (1998) Integrating microbial decontamination with organic acids in HACCP programmes for muscle foods: Prospects and controversies. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 44, 149-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1605(98)00123-8
  58. Soultos, N., Tzikas, Z., Abrahim, A., Georgantelis, D., and Ambrosiadis, I. (2008) Chitosan effects on quality properties of Greek style fresh pork sausages. Meat Sci. 80, 1150-1156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.05.008
  59. Stubbs, R. L., Morgan, J. B., Ray, F. K., and Dolezal, H. G. (2002) Effect of supplemental vitamin E on the color and case-life of top loin steaks and ground chuck patties in modified atmosphere case-ready retail packaging systems. Meat Sci. 61, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(01)00148-6
  60. Suman, S. P., Mancini, R. A., Joseph, P., Ramanathan, R., Konda, M. K. R., Dady, G., Naveena, B. M., and Lopez-Lopez, I. (2010) Color-stabilizing effect of lactate on ground beef is packaging-dependent. Meat Sci. 84, 329-333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.08.051
  61. Sutherland, J. P., Gibbs, P. A., Patterson, J. T., and Murray, J. G. (1976) Biochemical changes in vacuum packaged beef occurring during storage at $0-2{^{\circ}C}$. J. Food Technol. 11, 171-180. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1976.tb00713.x
  62. Tan, W. and Shelef, L. A. (2002) Effects of sodium chloride and lactates on chemical and microbiological changes in refrigerated and frozen fresh ground pork. Meat Sci. 62, 27-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(01)00223-6
  63. Witte, V. C., Krause, G. F., and Bailey, M. E. (1970) A new extraction method for determining 2-thiobarbituric acid values of pork and beef during storage. J. Food Sci. 35, 582-585. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1970.tb04815.x
  64. Zhao, Y., Wells, J. H., and McMillin, K. W. (1994) Applications of dynamic modified atmosphere packaging systems for fresh red meats. J. Muscle Foods 5, 299-328. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4573.1994.tb00538.x

Cited by

  1. Hydrothermally treated chitosan spontaneously forms water-soluble spherical particles stable at a wide pH range vol.65, pp.15, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1080/00914037.2016.1163568