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Analysis of Meteorological Elements in the Cultivated Area of Hadong Green Tea

하동녹차 재배지역의 기상요소별 분석

  • Received : 2010.04.26
  • Accepted : 2010.06.24
  • Published : 2010.06.30

Abstract

Characteristics of meteorological elements were analyzed at Hwagae and Agyang where are the representative areas of Hadong green tea cultivation in Korea. An automatic weather monitoring system (AWS) and a simple data log were employed to measure meteorological data such as temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, and wind direction and speed for 2009. The annual average air temperature of Hwagae and Agyang was 14.5 and 14.2, respectively, showing the warmest month in August ($25.4^{\circ}C$ for Hwagae and $24.9^{\circ}C$ for Agyang) and the coldest month in January ($0.3^{\circ}C$ for Hwagae and $0.2^{\circ}C$ for Agyang). Annual average of daily temperature difference (= daily maximum temperature - daily minimum temperature) was $11.3^{\circ}C$ for Hwagae and $11.1^{\circ}C$ for Agyang. Hwagae and Agyang had 62.7% and 65.3% of the annual average relative humidity, respectively. Annual precipitation was 1387 mm for Hwagae and 1793 mm for Agyang of which were higher of 605mm for Hwagae and 835 mm for Agyang compared to that in 2008. Majority of precipitation occurred between May and August, attributing 77.6% for Hwagae and 76.6% for Agyang to the annual precipitation. The annual total sunshine duration was 2054.3 hrs in Hwagae with the longest monthly sunshine duration in May (235.1 hrs) and the shortest monthly sunshine duration in July (102.5 hrs). Dominant wind direction changed seasonally from northwesterly wind in fall and winter to southeasterly wind in spring and summer. The annual average wind speed was 1.5 m $s^{-1}$ with the highest monthly wind speed of 2.0 m $s^{-1}$ in December and the lowest monthly wind speed of 1.1 m $s^{-1}$ in February. It is expected that continuous observation and assessment of meteorological data will improve our understanding of optimal environmental conditions for green tea cultivation and be used for developing models of green tea cultivation in the Hadong area.

우리나라에서 대표적 녹차재배 지역인 화개지역과 악양지역의 2009년 기상특성을 정리하면 화개지역과 악양지역의 연평균 기온은 각각 $14.5^{\circ}C$$14.2^{\circ}C$이며, 두 지역의 월평균기온을 보면 가장 더운 달은 8월로 각각 $25.4^{\circ}C$$24.9^{\circ}C$이고 가장 추운 달은 1월로 각각 $0.3^{\circ}C$$0.2^{\circ}C$ 이었으며, 일 최고기온은 각각 $28.4^{\circ}C$$27.9^{\circ}C$이고 일 최저기온은 $-5.0^{\circ}C$$-5.4^{\circ}C$이다. 연평균일교차는 화개지역이 $11.3^{\circ}C$이고 악양지역은 $11.1^{\circ}C$이다. 화개와 악양지역의 연평균습도는 각각 62.7%와 65.3% 이고, 연강수량은 1,387mm와 1,793mm로 2008년 대비 각각 605mm와 835mm가 더 내렸고, 5월부터 8월까지 화개 1,074mm, 악양 1,374mm로 집중적인 강수량을 보였다. 이것은 2009년 전체 강수량의 77.6%와 76.6%에 해당하는 수치로써 나머지 달에 비해 많은 강수량을 보임을 알 수 있다. 연평균 일조시간은 2,054.3시간으로 관측되었고 4, 5월에 각각 232.2시간과 235.1시간으로 가장 긴 일조시간을 보인 반면에 7, 8월에는 각각 102.5시간과 28.8시간으로 가장 짧은 일조시간을 보였다. 풍향은 가을과 겨울에 서북서, 서, 북서계열의 서풍이 불었고 봄, 여름철에는 남동, 북북동, 남동계열의 동풍이 불었으며, 연평균 풍속은 1.5m/s로 관측 되었으며 12월이 2.0m/s로 평균 풍속이 가장 높은 달이었고 2월이 1.1m/s로 평균풍속 이 가장 낮은 달이었다. 순간최대풍속은 3월 13일에 측정된 23.3m/s이었다. 2009년 조사된 기상관측정보를 토대로 매년 기상관측정보를 데이터화해서 녹차재배지역의 기상환경을 이해하고 생장환경 정보를 수집하며 최적의 녹차재배 환경의 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

Keywords

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  2. Improving Usage of the Korea Meteorological Administration's Digital Forecasts in Agriculture: I. Correction for Local Temperature under the Inversion Condition vol.15, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2013.15.2.076