Pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin trihydrate in cultured eel Anguilla japonica by single oral and intravenous administrations

Amoxicillin trihydrate의 단독 경구투여 및 정맥투여에 따른 뱀장어, Anguilla japonica 체내 약물동태학적 특성

  • Jeon, Eun-Ji (Pathology Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute (NFRDI)) ;
  • Seo, Jeong-Soo (Pathology Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute (NFRDI)) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Do (Inland Aquaculture Research Center, NFRDI) ;
  • Jung, Sung-Hee (Pathology Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute (NFRDI)) ;
  • Kim, Myoung-Sug (Pathology Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute (NFRDI)) ;
  • Hwang, Jee-Youn (Pathology Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute (NFRDI)) ;
  • Park, Myoung-Ae (Pathology Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute (NFRDI)) ;
  • Jee, Bo-Young (Aquatic Animal Disease Control Center, NFRDI) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Woo (Aquatic Animal Disease Control Center, NFRDI) ;
  • Kim, Yi-Cheong (Fisheries Resources Enhancement Center, NFRDI)
  • 전은지 (국립수산과학원 병리연구과) ;
  • 서정수 (국립수산과학원 병리연구과) ;
  • 김진도 (국립수산과학원 내수면양식연구센터) ;
  • 정승희 (국립수산과학원 병리연구과) ;
  • 김명석 (국립수산과학원 병리연구과) ;
  • 황지연 (국립수산과학원 병리연구과) ;
  • 박명애 (국립수산과학원 병리연구과) ;
  • 지보영 (국립수산과학원 수산동물방역센터) ;
  • 김진우 (국립수산과학원 수산동물방역센터) ;
  • 김이청 (국립수산과학원 자원조성사업단)
  • Received : 2010.07.23
  • Accepted : 2010.12.07
  • Published : 2010.12.31

Abstract

The pharmacokinetic properties of amoxicillin trihydrate (Amox) were studied after single oral administration and single intravenous injection to cultured eel, Anguilla japonica, respectively (average $220{\pm}10\;g$, $28{\pm}1^{\circ}C$). Plasma samples were taken at 3, 5, 10, 15, 24, 30, 48, 96 and 144 h post-dose. The kinetic profile of absorption, distribution and elimination of Amox in plasma were analyzed fitting to a two-compartment model by WinNonlin program. In oral dosage of 40 and 80 mg/kg body weight, the peak plasma concentrations of Amox, which attained at 3~12 h post-dose, were 3.4 and $3.3\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. In intravenous injection with 1 mg/kg, the peak plasma concentrations of Amox, which attained at 9 h post-dose, was $7.2\;{\mu}g/ml$. The following parmeters were calculated for a single oral dosage of 40 and 80 mg/kg body weight, respectively: AUC (the area under the concentration-time curve)= 464 and $667\;{\mu}g{\cdot}h/ml$; $T_{max}$ (time for maximum concentration)= 2.1 and 3.6 h; $C_{max}$ (maximum concentration)= 3.04 and $3.4\;{\mu}g/ml$. Following intravenous injection at 1 mg/kg, this parameters were AUC= $748\;{\mu}g{\cdot}h/ml$; $C_{max}=4.2\;{\mu}g/ml$. The apparent oral bioavailability at 40 and 80 mg/kg were 1.6 and 1.1%, respectively. Despite using the trihydrate form of amoxicillin, the oral bioavailability was low in eel.

아목시실린(Amoxicillin trihydrate; Amox)을 뱀장어(평균 체중 $220{\pm}10\;g$)에 1일 1회 경구투여(40 및 80 mg/kg body weight) 및 정맥투여(1 mg/kg)한 다음, 경시적(0시간~720시간)으로 혈장내 Amox의 잔류농도를 분석하였다. 40 및 80 mg/kg 농도로 경구투여한 모든 시험구에서 투여 6시간째 각각 $3.3{\pm}0.5$$3.4{\pm}0.1\;{\mu}g/ml$로 최대혈중농도를 나타내었다. Amox의 모든 시험구는 투여 720시간째 혈중에서 검출되지 않았다. Amox의 경구투여방법에 따른 뱀장어 체내 약물 혈중농도 측정결과를 바탕으로 WinNonlin program을 이용한 2-compartment model로 하여 Amox의 흡수, 배설, 반감기 등 약물동태학적 매개변수(parameter)를 조사하였다. 2-compartment model을 이용한 분석을 통하여 40 및 80 mg/kg Amox를 경구투여한 경우, 혈장농도-시간곡선하 면적(AUC)은 각각 464 및 $667\;{\mu}g{\cdot}h/ml$, 혈중최고농도의 도달시간(Tmax)은 2.1 및 3.6 hr, 혈중최고농도(Cmax)는 3.04 및 $3.4\;{\mu}l/ml$로 계산되었다. 1 mg/kg Amox을 정맥 투여한 경우, 혈장농도-시간곡선하 면적(AUC)은 $748\;{\mu}g{\cdot}h/ml$, 혈중최고농도(Cmax)는 $4.2\;{\mu}l/ml$로 계산되었다. 1일 1회 단독으로 40 및 80 mg/kg Amox를 각각 경구 투여시의 뱀장어내 생체내이용율(F%; bioavailability)은 각각 1.6, 1.1%로 매우 낮게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 아목시실린을 삼수화물 형태로 사용함에도 낮은 어류내 생체내이용율을 가진다는 사실을 알 수 있다.

Keywords

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