Effect of Flooding Treatment on the Desalting Efficiency and the Growth of Soiling and Forage Crops in a Sandy Soil of the Iweon Reclaimed Tidal Land in Korea

이원간척지 사질 염류토양의 담수제염처리가 제염효과와 녹비.사료작물의 생육에 미치는 영향

  • 손용만 (한국농어촌공사 농어촌연구원) ;
  • 김현태 (한국농어촌공사 농어촌연구원) ;
  • 전건영 (한국농어촌공사 농어촌연구원) ;
  • 송재도 (한국농어촌공사 농어촌연구원) ;
  • 이재황 (한국농어촌공사 농어촌연구원) ;
  • 박무언 (한국농어촌공사 농어촌연구원)
  • Received : 2010.01.29
  • Accepted : 2010.02.10
  • Published : 2010.02.28

Abstract

Effect of flooding on the desalting efficiency and the growth of sudan grass, barnyard grass, sesbania and corn was studied in a sandy soil of the Iweon reclaimed tidal land. Flooding plots were treated by 400 (one time flooding), 800 (two times flooding), and 1,200 mm(three times flooding) of water, respectively, and then soil salinities of the treated plots were compared with salinity of the control plot (not flooded) for estimation of desalting effect. Desalting ratio of 1,200 mm treatment was 78.3% for depth 0-20 cm, 70.5% for depth 20-40 cm and 60.8% for depth 40-60 cm, and then the soil salinity reached at 3~6 dS $m^{-1}$. Consequently, it was considered that sandy saline soil was satisfactorily desalted for upland crops to be cultivated by 1,200 mm flooding, but insufficiently desalted by 400 mm and 800 mm flooding because of high salinity ranged 5~14 dS $m^{-1}$ even after flooding treatment. In addition, it was estimated that soil salinity should be controled lower than 7.7 dS $m^{-1}$ in order to obtain more than 80%of crop emergence when four crops are simultaneously cultivated by inter- or mixed cropping in a field. Dry matter yields (kg $10a^{-1}$) was 1,068 for sudan grass, 696for barnyard grass, 1,426 for sesbania, and 1,164 for corn by 1,200 mm flooding treatment, but only 46.8~74.3% by 800 mm flooding treatment and 2.9~25.5% by 400 mm flooding treatment. Therefore, it is concluded that the flooding treatment more than 1,200 mm is necessary for satisfactory desalinization in order for the low salt tolerance crops to be cultivated in the sandy reclaimed tidal land.

최근에 서산군 이원면에 간척 조성된 이원간척지에서 담수제염처리가 제염효과와 녹비 사료작물의 생육에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 시험연구가 수행되었다. 담수제염처리효과는 제염시 1회담수량을 400 mm로 하여 400 mm (1회처리), 800 mm (2회처리) 및 1,200 mm (3회처리) 담수제염처리한 구를 대조구 (무담수)와 비교하여 분석하였고, 시험작물은 수단그라스, 피, 세스바니아 및 옥수수였다. 400 mm 담수시 토심 0-20 cm가 35.5%, 토심 20-40 cm가 33.4%, 토심 40-60 cm가 6.5%의 제염효과를 나타내었고, 800 mm 담수시 토심 0-20 cm가 64.9%, 토심 20-40 cm가 59.6%, 토심 40-60 cm가 34.5%의 제염효과를 보였으며, 1,200 mm 담수시 0-20 cm가 78.3%, 20-40 cm가 70.5%, 토심 40-60 cm 가 60.8%의 제염효과를 보였다. 수단그라스, 피, 세스바니아 및 옥수수을 한 필지 내에서 혼작, 또는 간작하는 경우를 가정하여 4종의 시험작물이 모두 양호한 출현율을 얻을 수 있는 염농도관리수준을 알기 위하여 출현율과 토양염농도 간의 회귀관계를 분석한 결과, 출현율이 80% 이상이 되기 위해서는 토양염농도가 7.7 dS $m^{-1}$이하로 제염되어야하고 토양염농도가 15 dS $m^{-1}$이상이 되면 출현하는 개체가 전혀 없는 것으로 추정되었다. 이원간척지의 지하수위는 가장 높을 때가 -23cm였고 가장 낮을 때가 -167 cm로 측정되었고, 지하수의 염농도는 62.2~17.9 dS $m^{-1}$의 범위를 보였다. 제염에 대한 회귀분석결과 담수처리의 용수량이 130 mm 이하일 때는 제염 효과가 미미하였고, 일시에 1,200 mm이상을 담수하여 제염하여도 제염효과가 100%에 도달하기는 불가능한 것으로 분석되었다. 1,200 mm담수제염구의 건물수량(kg $10a^{-1}$)은 수단그라스 1,068, 피 696, 세스바니아 1,426, 옥수수 1,164이었으나 800 mm담수제염구는 1,200 mm제염구의 46.8~74.3%, 400 mm 담수제염구는 2.9~25.5%에 지나지 않았다. 따라서 밭작물재배시 파종전 1,200 mm이상의 담수제염처리는 필수적인 관리지침이 되어야 할 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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