초록
본 실험에서는 국화의 재배방법에 따라 즉, 적심재배방법과 정식시기에 따른 국화 '진바'의 생육과 절화의 상품성과 재배기간의 차이에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 실험 결과 무적심 재배의 경우 화아 분화 돌입에 필요한 충분한 영양생장기간을 확보하는데 비해, 적심재배의 경우는 충분한 영양 생장기간을 확보하지 못하였다. 화아분화 유기 12주 후의 무적심 재배 개화율은 95%를 상회하였으나 적심재배는 95% 이하로 나타났다. 무적심재배구는 정식시기에 관계없이 3등급상품 이상의 절화가 100% 생산되었으나 적심재배는 첫째주 정식구에서 84.7%로 아주 낮았고 둘째주 정식구는 64.3%, 셋째주 정식구는 18.8%, 넷째주 정식구는 2.6%로 적심재배구의 절화 상품성이 아주 좋지 못하였다. 무적심재배구의 절화품질이 제일 좋지 못한 넷째주 정식구와 적심재배구의 절화품질이 제일 좋은 첫째주 정식구를 비교하면 절화의 품질은 무적심재 배 넷째주 정식구가 좋았고 재배기간도 38일을 단축시킬 수 있었다. 이와 같은 절화국화 무적심재배는 적심 재배에 비하여 재배기간 단축과 품질향상이 가능하므로 경영비 절감과 소득향상이 가능한 재배법으로 판단되었다.
In this experiment, the effects on the growth and the quality of cut flowers of chrysanthemum 'Jinba' were mainly concerned depending on cultural methods between the pinching and the non-pinching. According to the results, the sufficient period of the vegetative growth was necessary to enter the flower bud differentiation in case of the non-pinching cultivation whereas it was not the case on the pinching. As compared with the pinching, the non-pinching showed 10% higher in the flowering ratio after flower bud differentiation. The flowering ratio of the non-pinching exceeded more than 95% but the pinching showed below 95% of the flowering ratio after flower bud differentiation. Comparing the number of cutting flowers between pinching and non-pinching, it was the non-pinching that showed the production of the first grade cutting flowers about 5 weeks faster than that of the pinching. It seem to be possible that harvesting time and growing period could be shortened. In the non-pinching growing region, above third-grading marketable cut flowers was 100% regardless of planting time. On the contrary, the pinching method showed 84.7% of marketable cutting flowers at first week from the planting, followed by 64.3% at second week, 18.8% at third week, and 2.6% at fourth week. Marketability of cutting flowers indicates that were planted by the pinching is very poor. When draw a comparison between the fourth-week planting of the non-pinching with the first-week planting of the pinching, the non-pinching could cut the growing period 38 days shorter than the pinching and the marketability was better. These results indicate that the non-pinching method can shorten the growing period and harvesting time compared to the pinching and it also resulted in reduction of cost and rapid production of the cutting flowers.
