Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

Korean Chemical Society (대한화학회)
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Evaluation of Toxicity and Gene Expression Changes Triggered by Quantum Dots

  • Dua, Pooja (Global Research Laboratory for RNAi Medicine, Department of Chemistry and BK21 School of Chemical Materials Science, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Jeong, So-Hee (Nanomechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials) ;
  • Lee, Shi-Eun (Global Research Laboratory for RNAi Medicine, Department of Chemistry and BK21 School of Chemical Materials Science, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Hong, Sun-Woo (Global Research Laboratory for RNAi Medicine, Department of Chemistry and BK21 School of Chemical Materials Science, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Kim, So-Youn (Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Ki (Global Research Laboratory for RNAi Medicine, Department of Chemistry and BK21 School of Chemical Materials Science, Sungkyunkwan University)
  • Received : 2010.02.10
  • Accepted : 2010.04.13
  • Published : 2010.06.20
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Abstract

Quantum dots (QDs) are extensively employed for biomedical research as a fluorescence reporter and their use for various labeling applications will continue to increase as they are preferred over conventional labeling methods for various reasons. However, concerns have been raised over the toxicity of these particles in the biological system. Till date no thorough investigation has been carried out to identify the molecular signatures of QD mediated toxicity. In this study we evaluated the toxicity of CdSe, $Cd_{1-x}Zn_xS$/ZnS and CdSe/ZnS quantum dots having different spectral properties (red, blue, green) using human embryonic kidney fibroblast cells (HEK293). Cell viability assay for both short and long duration exposure show concentration material dependent toxicity, in the order of CdSe > $Cd_{1-x}Zn_xS$/ZnS > CdSe/ZnS. Genome wide changes in the expression of genes upon QD exposure was also analyzed by wholegenome microarray. All the three QDs show increase in the expression of genes related to apoptosis, inflammation and response towards stress and wounding. Further comparison of coated versus uncoated CdSe QD-mediated cell death and molecular changes suggests that ZnS coating could reduce QD mediated cytotoxicity to some extent only.

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