The Journal of Engineering Geology (지질공학)

The Korean Society of Engineering Geology (대한지질공학회)
권호 표지

Reactive transport modeling of the $CO_2-H_2O$-cement reaction in a $CO_2$ injection well for $CO_2$ geological storage

$CO_2$ 지중저장 주입정에서의 $CO_2-H_2O$-시멘트 반응 운송 모델링

  • Jo, Min-Ki (Geologic Environment Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Chae, Gi-Tak (Geologic Environment Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Choi, Byoung-Young (Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Korea University) ;
  • Yu, Soon-Young (Division of Computational Sciences in Mathematics, National Institute for Mathematical Sciences) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Hee (Geologic Environment Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Kim, Jeong-Chan (Geologic Environment Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)
  • 조민기 (한국지질자원연구원 지구환경연구본부) ;
  • 채기탁 (한국지질자원연구원 지구환경연구본부) ;
  • 최병영 (고려대학교 지구환경과학과) ;
  • 유순영 (국가수리과학연구소 계산수리과학연구부) ;
  • 김태희 (한국지질자원연구원 지구환경연구본부) ;
  • 김정찬 (한국지질자원연구원 지구환경연구본부)
  • Received : 2010.08.11
  • Accepted : 2010.11.02
  • Published : 2010.12.31
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Abstract

$CO_2$ leakage from a geological formation utilized for $CO_2$ storage could result in failure of the facility and threaten the environment, as well as human safety and health. A reactive transport model of a $CO_2-H_2O$-cement reaction was constructed to understand chemical changes in the case of $CO_2$ leakage through a cement crack in an injection well, which is the most probable leakage pathway during geological storage. The model results showed the dissolution of portlandite and CSH (calcium silicate hydrate) within the cement paste, and the precipitation of secondary CSH and calcite as the $CO_2$ plume migrated along the crack. Calcite occupied most of the crack after 3 year of reaction, which could be maintained until 30 years after crack development. The present results could be applied in the development of technology to prevent $CO_2$ leakage and to enhance the integrity of wells constructed for $CO_2$ geological storage.

$CO_2$ 지중저장에서는 대량의 $CO_2$를 장기간 안전하게 저장하여야하기 때문에 $CO_2$ 누출이 발생할 경우 $CO_2$ 지중저장의 목적이 달성될 수 없을 뿐만 아니라 주변지역으로 $CO_2$가 확산되어 보건환경/생태에 큰 영향을 미칠 수 있다. $CO_2$ 주입시 주입정을 통한 누출의 가능성이 가장 높기 때문에, 본 연구에서는 관정 시멘트에 crack이 발생하였다는 가정 하에 crack으로 $CO_2$가 누출될 경우 $CO_2-H_2O$-시멘트 간에 발생할 수 있는 화학 반응을 지구화학 모델링을 통하여 예측하였다. 모델링 결과 $CO_2$-plume이 진행됨에 따라 시멘트 페이스트를 구성하는 portlandite와 CSH(Calcium Silicate Hydrate)가 용해되고, 2차적으로 CSH의 침전과 calcite의 침전이 발생하는 것으로 예상되었다. 약 3년 후에는 침전물의 대부분을 calcite가 차지하고 약 30년까지 침전물의 대부분을 이루게 된다. 본 연구 결과는 $CO_2$ 누출 시 주입관정 내 시멘트에서 발생할 수 있는 화학적인 변화를 이해하고, 반응 모델은 누출을 방지하기 위한 시멘트 관련 연구개발에 응용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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