Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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Preliminary Study on the Application of Remote Sensing to Mineral Exploration Using Landsat and ASTER Data

Landsat과 ASTER 위성영상 자료를 이용한 광물자원탐사로의 적용 가능성을 위한 예비연구

  • Lee, Hong-Jin (Geological Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Park, Maeng-Eon (Department of Environmental Geosciences, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Kim, Eui-Jun (Geological Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)
  • Received : 2010.08.31
  • Accepted : 2010.10.24
  • Published : 2010.10.28
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Abstract

The Landsat and ASTER data have been used in mineralogical and lithological studies, and they have also proved to be useful tool in the initial steps for mineral exploration throughout Nevada mining district, US. Huge pyrophyllite quarry mines, including Jungang, Samsung, Kyeongju, and Naenam located in the southeastern part of Gyeongsang Basin. The geology of study area consists mainly of Cretaceous volcanic rocks, which belong into Cretaceous Hayang and Jindong Group. They were intruded by Bulgugsa granites, so called Sannae-Eonyang granites. To extraction of Ratio model for pyrophyllite deposits, tuffaceous rock and pyrophyllite ores from the Jungang mine used in reflectance spectral analysis and these results were re-sampled to Landsat and ASTER bandpass. As a result of these processes, the pyrophyllite ores spectral features show strong reflectance at band 5, whereas strong absorption at band 7 in Landsat data. In the ASTER data, the pyrophyllite ores spectral features show strong absorption at band 5 and 8, whereas strong reflectance at band 4 and 7. Based on these spectral features, as a result of application of $Py_{Landsat}$ model to hydrothermal alteration zone and other exposed sites, the DN values of two different areas are 1.94 and 1.19 to 1.49, respectively. The differences values between pyrophyllite deposits and concrete-barren area are 0.472 and 0.399 for $Py_{ASTER}$ model, 0.452 and 0.371 for OHIb model, 0.365 and 0.311 for PAK model, respectively. Thus, $Py_{ASTER}$ and $Py_{Landsat}$ model proposed from this study proved to be more useful tool for the extraction of pyrophyllite deposits relative to previous models.

Landsat과 ASTER 위성영상을 이용한 암상구분은 반건조-건조 지역을 대상으로 활발한 연구가 이루진 바 있으며, 미국 네바다 금속광화대 지역을 중심으로 광물자원탐사를 위한 초기 단계에서 유용한 방법으로서의 가능성에 관한 검증이 이루어졌다. 연구대상 지역인 중앙, 삼성, 경주, 내남 납석광산이 위치하고 있는 경상분지 남동부의 지질은 주로 백악기 하양층군에 속하는 진동층을 기저로 하여 유천층군에 해당하는 중성질 화산암류, 정각산층, 건천리층, 산성 화산암류와 후기에 이들 층을 관입하는 불국사 화강암류들로 구성되어 있다. 위성영상으로부터 납석광상을 추출하기 위한 비연산 모델을 제시하기 위해서, 중앙납석광산으로부터 채취된 응회암질 모암과 열수변질작용에 의해 형성된 납석을 대상으로 이들의 분광반사률을 측정하였다. 이들 분광반사률을 Landsat 영상과 ASTER 영상의 밴드별 분광반사율 곡선을 이용하여 재배열한 결과, Landsat 영상에 대해서는 밴드 5번에서 강한 반사 특성을 보이고, 밴드 7번에서 강한 흡수 특성을 보였다. ASTER 영상에서는 밴드 5와 8번에서 강한 흡수 특성을 밴드 4와 7번에서 반사특성이 나타났다. 이를 바탕으로 Landsat 위성영상의 DN (Digital Number) 값을 이용한 $Py_{Landsat}$ 모델을 적용한 결과, 열수변질대 지역은 1.94 이상으로 상대적으로 높은 값을 보이는데 반해서 이외의 지역은 1.19~1.49 사이의 낮은 값을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 $Py_{ASTER}$ 모델의 적용결과 납석광산과 다른 대상물간의 치는 콘크리트와 0.472, 나대지와 0.399로, $OHI_b$과, PAK모델의 적용결과 0.452, 0.371과 0.365, 0.311로 보다 큰 차이가 나타남을 알 수 있다. 따라서 이번 연구에서 제안한 $Py_{ASTER}$ 모델은 납석광상을 보다 더 명확하게 규명할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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