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비파잎의 이화학적 성분과 항산화효과

Chemical Components and Antioxidative Effects of Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. Leaf

  • 황윤경 (조선대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이재준 (조선대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김아라 (조선대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이명렬 (조선대학교 식품영양학과)
  • 투고 : 2010.07.30
  • 심사 : 2010.11.17
  • 발행 : 2010.11.30

초록

비파잎의 생리활성 기능과 이용 가능성에 관한 연구의 일환으로 비파잎의 영양성분 및 생리활성 효능을 검증하여 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 비파잎의 일반성분은 건량 기준(dry basis)으로 수분 함량 5.78%, 조단백질 6.74%, 조지방 7.87%, 조회분 6.99%, 식이섬유소 43.61%, 탄수화물 29.01%를 함유하였다. 비파잎의 구성당은 총 4종 검출되었으며 이중 rhamnose가 3,391.84 mg/l로 제일 많이 검출되었으며, galactose 663.27 mg/l, glucose 651.65 mg/l, lactose 662.40 mg/l 검출되었다. 비파잎의 유리 아미노산은 glutamic acid 함량이 11.30 mg%로 가장 높았으며, asparagine 9.02 mg%, $\gamma$-amino-n-butyric acid 8.30 mg%, alanine 4.53 mg%, phosphoserine 3.77 mg%, aspartic acid 3.23 mg% 순으로 높게 나타났다. 구성 아미노산의 경우 histidine 함량이 501.26 mg%로 가장 높았으며, 총 아미노산에 대한 필수아미노산의 비율은 50.15%로 높게 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 지방산 중 포화지방산은 stearic acid가 41.54%로 가장 많이 함유하고 있었으며, lauric acid 12.00%, myristic acid 11.13%, pentadecanoic acid 41.54% 순으로 검출되었다. 불포화지방산은 oleic acid 만 검출되었으며, 총 지방산 함량의 27.9%를 함유하고 있었다. 비타민 A는 0.039 mg%, 비타민 E는 0.096 mg%, 비타민 C는 0.575 mg%로 검출되었다. 무기질은 Ca 함량이 1,892.60 mg%, K 함량이 1,244.90 mg%로 많이 검출되었다. 다음으로 Mg, Na, Mn, Zn 순이었고, Cu 함량은 미량 함유하는 것으로 나타났다. 비파잎의 유기산은 succinic acid 함량이 24,343.57 mg/l로 가장 많았고, 다음으로 citric acid 2,964.87 mg/l, maleic acid 2538.59 mg/l 순으로 검출되었다. 비파잎 에탄올 추출물의 기능성을 측정한 결과 총 polyphenol 함량은 500 ppm에서 15.77 mg/ml, 1,000 ppm에서 32.32 mg/ml 함유하고 있는 것으로 나타나 1,000 ppm에서 약 2배 정도 높게 나타났다. 총 flavonoid 함량은 500 ppm에서 15.58 mg/ml, 1,000 ppm에서 28.65 mg/ml으로 나타났다. 비파잎의 DPPH radical 소거능은 500 ppm에서 68.26%, 1,000 ppm에서 80.53% 소거능을 보였으며, 이는 농도가 증가함에 따라 항산화 활성도 증가되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히 1,000 ppm에서 대조구인 500 ppm BHT 및 BHA와 비슷한 수준으로 높은 항산화 활성이 나타났다. 이상의 결과 비파잎은 필수아미노산 및 항산화 비타민, 무기질을 다량 함유하고 있으며 비파잎 에탄올 추출물은 항산화 활성 및 DPPH radical 소거능이 우수한 것으로 나타나 비파잎을 이용한 기능성 식품의 개발가치가 한층 더 높아질 것으로 기대되어 진다.

This study was carried out to investigate the physicochemical compositions and antioxidative effects of Eriobotrya japonoca Lindl (Loquat). The proximate compositions of the loquat leaf on a dry matter basis were 8.78% moisture content, 6.74% crude protein, 7.87% crude fat, 6.99% crude ash, 43.61% dietary fiber and 26.01% carbohydrate. In analysis of free amino acids, 16 kinds total amino acid components, 17 kinds of components were isolated from loquat. The essential amino acids contained in loquat leaf accounted for 50.15% of total amino acids, while the non-essential amino acids accounted for 49.85%. In analysis of total fatty acids, only 5 kinds of acid were detected: lauric acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid. The contents of vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C were 0.039 mg%, 0.096 mg% and 0.575 mg%, respectively. The mineral contents of loquat leaf were greater in order of Zn

키워드

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