The Analgesic Effect and Mechanisms of Dianthus chinensis L Extract in the mice.

  • Park, Soo-Hyun (Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University) ;
  • Sim, Yun-Beom (Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University) ;
  • Lee, Jin-Koo (Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University) ;
  • Lim, Soon-Sung (Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Kyu (Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University) ;
  • Suh, Hong-Won (Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University)
  • 투고 : 2010.05.24
  • 심사 : 2010.10.14
  • 발행 : 2010.12.31

초록

In the present study, the antinociceptive profiles of Dianthus chinensis L extract were examined in ICR mice. Dianthus chinensis L extract administered orally (200 mg/kg) showed an antinociceptive effect as measured by the tail-flick and hot-plate tests. In addition, Dianthus chinensis L extract attenuated the writhing numbers in the acetic acid-induced writhing test. Furthermore, the cumulative nociceptive response time for intrathecal (i.t.) injection of substance P ($0.7\;{\mu}g$) was diminished by Dianthus chinensis L extract. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) pretreatment with yohimbine ($\alpha_2$-adrenergic receptor antagonist) attenuated antinociceptive effect induced by Dianthus chinensis L extract in the writhing test. However, naloxone (opioid receptor antagonist) or methysergide (5-HT serotonergic receptor antagonist) did not affect antinociception induced by Dianthus chinensis L extract in the writhing test. Our results suggest that Dianthus chinensis L extract shows an antinociceptive property in various pain models. Furthermore, this antinociceptive effect of Dianthus chinensis L extract may be mediated by $\alpha_2$-adrenergic receptor, but not opioidergic and serotonergic receptors.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Chapman CR, Casey KL, Dubner R, Foley KM, Gracely RH, Reading AE. 1985. Pain measurement: an overview. Pain 22: 1-31.
  2. Choi SS, Han KJ, Lee JK, Lee HK, Han EJ, Kim DH, Suh HW. 2003. Antinociceptive mechanisms of orally administered decursinol in the mouse. Life sciences 13(73): 471-485.
  3. Cumberbatch MJ, Herrero JH, Headley PM. 1994. Exposure of rat spinal neurons to NMDA, AMPA and kainate produces only short-term enhancements of responses to noxious and non-noxious stimuli. Neuroscience Letters 181: 98-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(94)90569-X
  4. D'Amour FE, Smith DL. 1941. A method for determining loss of pain sensation. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 72: 74-9.
  5. Eddy NB, Leimbach D. 1953. Synthetic analgesics. II. Dithienylbutenyl- and dithienylbutylamines. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 107: 385-93.
  6. Flora of Chinna. 1753. Dianthus chinensis Linnaeus, Flora of Chinna. vol. 6, 104
  7. Grumbach L. 1966. The prediction of analgesic activity in man by animal testing. In: Knighton RS, Dumke PR, editors. Pain. Boston: Little Brown and Co.; 163-82.
  8. Huxley A. 1992. New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan, ISBN 0-333-47494-5.
  9. Hylden JL, Wilcox GL. 1980. Intrathecal morphine in mice: a new technique. European Journal of Pharmacology 67: 313-316. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-2999(80)90515-4
  10. Hylden JL, Wilcox GL. 1981. Intrathecal substance P elicits a caudally- directed biting and scratching behavior in mice. Brain Reserch 217: 212-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(81)90203-1
  11. Jensen TS, Yaksh TL. 1984. Spinal monoamine and opiate systems partly mediate the antinociceptive effects produced by glutamate at brainstem sites. Brain Research 321: 287-297. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(84)90181-1
  12. Koster R, Anderson M, Beer EJ. 1959. Acetic acid for analgesic screening. Federal Proceeding 18: 412.
  13. Park SH, Sim YB, Choi SM, Seo YJ, Kwon MS, Lee JK, Suh HW. 2009. Antinociceptive Profiles and Mechanisms of Orally Administered Vanillin in the Mice. Arch Pharm Res. 32(11): 1643-1649. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-009-2119-8
  14. Schmauss C, Yaksh TL. 1984. In vivo studies on spinal opiate receptor systems mediating antinociception. II. Pharmacological profiles suggesting a differential association of mu, delta and kappa receptors with visceral chemical and cutaneous thermal stimuli in the rat. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 228: 1-12.
  15. Suh HW, Song DK, Son KH, Wie MB, Lee KH, Jung KY, Do JC, Kim YH. 1996. Antinociceptive mechanisms of dipsacus saponin C administered intracerebroventricularly in the mouse. General Pharmacology 27: 1167-1172. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-3623(96)00052-3
  16. Suh HW, Song DK, Kim YH. 1997. Differntial effects of adenosine receptor antagonist injected intrathecally on antinociception induced by morphine and beta-endorphin administered intracerebroventricularly in the mouse. Neuropeptides 31: 339-344. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-4179(97)90069-X
  17. Suh HW, Chung KM, Kim YH, Huh SO, Song DK. 1999. Effect of histamine receptor antagonists injected intrathecally on antinociception induced by opioids administered intracerebroventricularly in the mouse. Neuropeptides 33: 121-129. https://doi.org/10.1054/npep.1999.0006
  18. Wigdor S, Wilcox GL. 1987. Central and systemic morphineinduced antinociception in mice: contribution of descending serotonergic and noradrenergic pathways. Journal of pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 242: 90-95.
  19. Yaksh TL. 1979. Direct evidence that spinal serotonin and noradrenaline terminals mediate the spinal antinpciceptive effects of morphine in the periaqueductal gray. Brain Resesrch 160: 180-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(79)90616-4
  20. Yaksh TL. 1984. Multiple opioid receptor systems in brain and spinal cord: Part I. European Journal of Anaesthesiology 1: 171-199.