Effects of High Temperature Sterilization on Qualities Characteristics of the Canned Boiled Oyster

가열살균처리가 굴 보일드통조림의 품질특성에 미치는 영향

  • Kong, Chung-Sik (Dept. of Seafood Science and Technology(Insti. of Agri. and Life Sci.), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Yun, Jae-Ung (Dept. of Seafood Science and Technology(Insti. of Agri. and Life Sci.), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Oh, Dong-Hun (Dept. of Seafood Science and Technology(Insti. of Agri. and Life Sci.), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Park, Jun-Yong (Dept. of Seafood Science and Technology(Insti. of Agri. and Life Sci.), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kang, Jin-Yeong (Dept. of Seafood Science and Technology(Insti. of Agri. and Life Sci.), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Oh, Kwang-Soo (Dept. of Seafood Science and Technology(Insti. of Agri. and Life Sci.), Gyeongsang National University)
  • 공청식 (경상대학교 해양식품공학과(농업생명과학연구원)) ;
  • 윤재웅 (경상대학교 해양식품공학과(농업생명과학연구원)) ;
  • 오동훈 (경상대학교 해양식품공학과(농업생명과학연구원)) ;
  • 박준용 (경상대학교 해양식품공학과(농업생명과학연구원)) ;
  • 강진영 (경상대학교 해양식품공학과(농업생명과학연구원)) ;
  • 오광수 (경상대학교 해양식품공학과(농업생명과학연구원))
  • Received : 2009.11.13
  • Accepted : 2009.12.18
  • Published : 2009.12.31

Abstract

The boiled oyster vacuum-packed in cylindrical can(No. 301-3) were thermally processed at $115^{\circ}C$ to reach Fo values of 5~20 min. The yield was slightly decreased with the increasing of Fo-values (79.2~ 83.7%), and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) contents increased markedly with the increasing of Fo-value. In fatty acid composition of canned oyster, the composition ratio of saturates and monoenes such as 14:0, 16:0 and 18:1n9 increased, while polyunsaturated fatty acids such as 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 decreased with the increasing of Fo-value. In taste compounds, content of total free amino acid in raw oyster was 1,533.5 mg%, and this total content was slightly increased (1,140.8~1,266.2 mg%) with the increasing of Fo values. But contents of betaine and ionic minerals such as Na, K, Mg and P decreased markedly by thermal processing at $115^{\circ}C$. As compared with Fo 5 min. heat treatment; Fo 20 min. heat treatment at $115^{\circ}C$ became more hardened in texture of oyster meat. In sensory evaluations on organoleptic characteristics, no significant difference at 5% level was observed among the canned boiled oyster meats heated at Fo 5~15 min.

품질이 우수한 굴 보일드통조림을 제조하기 위한 기초 자료를 제시할 목적으로, 원료 굴을 자숙한 후 301-3관에 충전, 밀봉하여 $115^{\circ}C$에서 Fo값이 5~20분 되도록 가열살균처리를 하였다. 굴 보일드통조림의 수율은 79.2~83.7% 정도로 Fo값이 증가할수록 약간씩 감소하였다. 가열처리 중 시료 굴 보일드통조림의 pH는 별 변화를 보이지 않았고, 휘발성 염기질소 (VBN) 함량은 열처리 정도에 따라 상당량 증가하였다. 구성지방산은 열처리를 많이 받을수록 포화 및 모노엔산의 조성비는 약간씩 증가한 반면 폴리엔산은 약간씩 감소하였다. 유리아미노산류는 자숙시 수분이 유출됨에 따라 원료 굴의 1,533.5 mg%에서 1,140.8 mg%으로 상당량 감소하였으나, 이후 열처리가 진행될수록 약간씩 증가한 반면, Tau의 경우는 Fo값이 증가할수록 계속 감소하였다. Betaine은 생굴에 400.6 mg%으로 다량 함유되어 있었으며, 고온가열처리 중 상당량 감소하였다. 주요 무기이온성분은 고온가열처리 중 Fo값이 증가할수록 상당량 감소하여 Fo 20 시료의 경우 대부분 무기이온성분들이 생굴에 비해 1/3 정도 감소하였다. 조직감에서는 고온에서의 열처리로 인한 가압 및 수분의 유출로 인해 조직이 단단해지는 것으로 나타났다. 가열처리에 따른 관능적 특성의 변화에서 맛과 관능적 조직감은 가열처리 정도에 따른 차이가 없었으며, 종합평가면에서도 Fo 5~15 시료간에 5% 수준에서 유의적 차이가 없었다.

Keywords

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