Comparative Analysis of Signal Intensity and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient at Varying b-values in the Brain : Diffusion Weighted-Echo Planar Image ($T_2^*$ and FLAIR) Sequence

뇌의 확산강조 영상에서 b-value의 변화에 따른 신호강도, 현성확산계수에 관한 비교 분석 : 확산강조 에코평면영상($T_2^*$ 및 FLAIR)기법 중심으로

  • Oh, Jong-Kap (Department of Radiology, Cheomdan Medical Center) ;
  • Im, Jung-Yeol (Department of Digital Management Information Graduate School of, Nambu University)
  • 오종갑 (첨단종합병원 영상의학과) ;
  • 임중열 (남부대학교 디지털경영정보학과)
  • Published : 2009.09.30

Abstract

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has been demonstrated to be a practical method for the diagnosis of various brain diseases such as acute infarction, brain tumor, and white matter disease. In this study, we used two techniques to examine the average signal intensity (SI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the brains of patients who ranged in age from 10 to 60 years. Our results indicated that the average SI was the highest in amygdala (as derived from DWI), whereas that in the cerebrospinal fluid was the lowest. The average ADC was the highest in the cerebrospinal fluid, whereas the lowest measurement was derived from the pons. The average SI and ADC were higher in $T_2^*$-DW-EPI than in FLAIR-DW-EPI. The higher the b-value, the smaller the average difference in both imaging techniques; the lower the b-value, the greater the average difference. Also, comparative analysis of the brains of patients who had experienced cerebral infarction showed no distinct lesion in the general MR image over time. However, there was a high SI in apparent weighted images. Analysis of other brain diseases (e.g., bleeding, acute, subacute, chronic infarction) indicated SI variance in accordance with characteristics of the two techniques. The higher the SI, the lower the ADC. Taken together, the value of SI and ADC in accordance with frequently occurring areas and various brain disease varies based on the b-value and imaging technique. Because they provide additional useful information in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with various brain diseases through signal recognition, the proper imaging technique and b-value are important for the detection and interpretation of subacute stroke and other brain diseases.

확산강조영상 (diffusion weighted image, DWI)은 급성 뇌경색, 뇌종양, 뇌백질 질환, 뇌 막질의 확산 정도 등 여러 뇌질환의 진단을 획기적으로 향상시켰으며 그 활용도가 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 $10{\sim}60$대 환자들의 뇌를 대상으로 두 기법간의 신호강도, 현성확산계수의 평균치를 측정하였다. 그 결과, 확산강조영상에서의 신호강도 평균값은 편도체부 (amygdala)가 가장 높고, 뇌척수액(cerebrospinal fluid)에서 가장 낮았다. 현성확산계수의 평균값은 뇌척수액이 높고, 교뇌 (pons)가 낮게 측정되었다. 확산강조 신호강도와 현성확산계수의 평균값은 $T_2^*$-DW-EPI 기법이 FLAIR-DW-EPI 기법보다 높고, b-value의 변화에 따른 평균값은 두 기법의 b-value에 모두 반비례하였다. 또한 뇌경색환자의 뇌의 시간 경과에 따른 분석결과, 초급성뇌경색 환자의 일반적인 MR 영상에서는 병변부분이 명확하지 않았으나 확산강조영상에서는 고신호강도로 나타났다. 출혈성 뇌경색, 급성 뇌경색 등 여러질환별로 분석한 결과 그 두 기법의 특성에 따라 신호강도의 값이 차이가 클수록 현성확산계수는 낮게 나타났다. 결론적으로 뇌 질환이 자주 발생되는 부위와 뇌 질환의 확산강조 신호강도 및 현성확산계수 값은 b-value의 변환과 영상기법에 따라 각각 다르게 나타났다. 이러한 정량적인 결과를 바탕으로 보다 안정적인 기법과 적절한 b-value 값을 이용하여 검사를 한다면 여러 뇌의 질환 및 병변 등을 발견, 판독하는 것뿐만 아니라 정상부위나 질환에 따른 기법별 신호의 인지를 통한 정확한 질병 진단과 치료에 중요한 의미가 있다고 사료된다.

Keywords

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