Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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Minimizing Energy Consumption of Sensor Networks with Energy Balance Ratio and Relay Node Placement

에너지 균형비와 중계노드 위치를 함께 고려한 센서 네트워크의 에너지 소비 최소화

  • Published : 2009.07.31
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Abstract

The Relay node placement problem is one of the most important requirements for many wireless sensor networks because the lifetime of sensor networks is closely related with the placement of relay nodes which receive sensed data from sensor nodes and forward them to the base station. Relay node placement problem has focused at minimization of dissipated total energy of the sensor nodes in whole networks. However, minimum total energy causes the unbalance of consumed energy in sensor nodes due to different distances between relay nodes and sensor nodes. This paper proposes the concept of energy balance ratio and finds the locations of relay nodes using objective functions which maximize the energy balance ratio. Maximizing this ratio results in maximizing the network lifetime by minimizing the energy consumption of large-scale sensor networks. However, finding a solution to relay node placement problem is NP-hard and it is very difficult to get exact solutions. Therefore, we get approximate solutions to EBR-RNP problem which considers both energy balance ratio and relay node placement using constraint programming.

무선센서 네트워크에서 노드들의 데이터를 수집하고 기지국에 전달하는 중계노드의 위치(Relay Node Placement)를 구하는 문제는 전체 네트워크의 생존시간에 관련되어 있기 때문에 매우 중요하다. 중계노드 위치문제는 전체 네트워크의 센서노드에서 소비되는 에너지를 최소화시키는데 그 초점이 맞추어져 있다. 그러나 중계노드 위치와 센서노드와의 거리가 모두 다르므로 센서노드에서 소비되는 에너지의 불균형이 초래된다. 본 논문에서는 클러스터링 모델에서 에너지 균형비(Energy Balance Ratio)라는 개념을 제안하고 이 에너지 균형비를 최대화시키는 목적함수를 사용하여 중계노드의 위치를 구한다. 에너지 균형비를 최대화시키는 것은 클러스터에 할당된 센서노드들의 에너지 소비를 클러스터 간에 균형 잡히게 한다. 이것은 궁극적으로 대규모 센서 네트워크의 에너지 소비를 최소화시켜서 네트워크 생존기간을 최대화시키는 효과가 있다. 그러나 이 문제의 해를 구하는 것은 NP-hard 문제이므로 완전해(Exact Solution) 를 구하는 것은 현실적으로 힘들다. 따라서 제약프로그래밍 방법을 사용하여 에너지 균형비와 중계노드 위치를 함께 고려하는 EBR-RNP 문제로 모델링하여 근사해를 구한다.

Keywords

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