Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회지)

Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회)
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Phosphate Solubilization and Plant Growth Promotion by Crop Associated Bacteria

인산용해미생물에 의한 불용성 인의 용해와 식물생장에 미치는 영향

  • Na, Jung-Heang (Division of Applied BioScience and Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Choi, Jin-Ho (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal science, RDA) ;
  • Jin, Rong-De (Division of Applied BioScience and Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Ko, Hyun-Sun (Division of Applied BioScience and Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Park, Ro-Dong (Division of Applied BioScience and Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Kil-Yong (Division of Applied BioScience and Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chonnam National University)
  • 나정행 (전남대학교 응용생물공학부) ;
  • 최진호 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 김영덕 (전남대학교 응용생물공학부) ;
  • 고현선 (전남대학교 응용생물공학부) ;
  • 박노동 (전남대학교 응용생물공학부) ;
  • 김길용 (전남대학교 응용생물공학부)
  • Received : 2008.09.22
  • Accepted : 2008.11.20
  • Published : 2009.02.28
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Abstract

Fourteen bacterial strains were isolated from crop rhizosphere and identified as phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) by 16S rRNA analysis. Only 3 strains exhibited a strong ability to solubilize insoluble phosphate in agar medium containing a hydroxyapatite. The rates of P solubilization by isolates were ranged from 200 and $2300\;mg\;L^{-1}$, which are inversely correlated with pH in culture medium. Furthermore, HPLC analyses reveal the production of organic acid from the culture filtrates of PSB. Among these, strain Acinetobacter sp. released only gluconic acid, Pseudomonas orientalis produced gluconic acid which was subsequently converted into 2-ketogluconic acid, and Enterobacter asburiae released acetic acid and succinic acid. On the other hand, P. orientalis and E. asburiae released $372\;mg\;L^{-1}$ and $191\;mg\;L^{-1}$ of IAA into broth culture, respectively, while Acinetobacter sp. did not produce IAA. Furthermore, in vivo study showed that plant growth promoting effect by bacteria generally seemed to be increased IAA production and phosphate solubilization.

14종의 인산용해미생물을 근권으로부터 분하였고, 16S rRNA gene 염기서열에 의하여 동정하였다 그 중 hydroxyapatite를 첨가한 배지에서 인산용해능력이 가장 뛰어난 Acinetobacter sp., Pseudomonas orientalis, Enterobacter asburiae 3종을 선택하였다. 선택된 3종의 미생물에 의해 용해된 인산의 농도는 $200\;mg\;L^{-1}$에서부터 $2300\;mg\;L^{-1}$까지 이르렀으며, 증가된 인산 농도는 배양액의 pH와 역으로 비례하였다. HPLC를 사용하여 유기산을 측정한 결과 Acinetobacter sp.는 gluconic acid를, P. orientalis는 gluconic acid와 2-ketogluconic acid를 그리고 E. asburiae는 acetic acid와 succinic acid를 분비하였다. 한편 P. orientalis와 E. asburiae는 각각 $372\;mg\;L^{-1}$와 $191\;mg\;L^{-1}$의 IAA 분비하였고, Acinetobacter sp.는 IAA를 생성하지 못했다. 인산용해미생물이 오이의 생장에 미치는 효과를 조사한 결과, P. orientalis를 처리한 시험구가 가장 높았고, E. asburiae, Acinetobacter sp., control 순으로 나타났다. 이러한 식물생장 효과는 인산용해미생물에 의한 불용성 인산용해와 IAA 생산과 관련이 있다고 생각된다.

Keywords

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