Journal of Acupuncture Research

Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine Society (대한침구의학회)
권호 표지

Analgesic Effect of Clematidis Radix (CR) Herbal-acupuncture on the Test Rats with Induced Acute Pain

급성통증 유발 흰쥐에 대한 위령선약침(威靈仙藥鍼)의 통증 억제효과

  • Choi, Won-Joo (Dept. of Pediatrics, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University) ;
  • Kim, Ki-Bong (Dept. of Pediatrics, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University) ;
  • Kim, Kyung-Ho (Dept. of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University) ;
  • Kim, Jang-Hyun (Dept. of Pediatrics, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University)
  • 최원주 (동국대학교 한의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김기봉 (동국대학교 한의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김경호 (동국대학교 한의과대학 침구학교실) ;
  • 김장현 (동국대학교 한의과대학 소아과학교실)
  • Received : 2009.11.09
  • Accepted : 2009.11.17
  • Published : 2009.12.20
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives : The objective of this study is to investigate Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Clematidis Radix (CR) herbal-acupuncture on the test rats with induced acute pain. Methods : The effects of Clematidis Radix (CR)-distillates were investigated in three types of models with three different pain. Highly purified distillate of CR called CR herbal-acupuncture was injected to Zusanli ($ST_{36}$) acupoint. In the tail flick test, the CR herbal-acupuncture treatment did not show a significant effect of relieving acute pain. To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of CR herbal-acupuncture, the second testing model'pain was induced by injecting formalin to its planter. For the last model, carrageenan was injected into tarsal joint. the medicinal effect of CR herbal-acupuncture was evaluated through the behavioral analyses such as licking time, weight distribution ratio and ankle circumference. Results : In the formalin test, the analgesic effect of CR herbal-acupuncture was more pronounced in the late phase (for 20 min after the early phase) than in the early phase (for the first 10 min post formalin injection). It was proven by weight distribution ratio testing and ankle edema testing that herbal-acupuncture of CR inhibited arthritis caused by the carrageenan. Conclusions : These results revealed that CR herbal-acupuncture was effective to alleviate the inflammatory pain and could be used as an analgesic treatment with an anti-inflammatory effect.

Keywords

References

  1. Dudler TA. Link between catalytic activity, IgE-independent mast cell activation, and allergenicity of bee venom phospholipase. A2. J Immunlo. 1995 ; 155(5) : 2605-13.
  2. 송효정. 통증에 관한 동서의학적 고찰. 대한한의학회지. 1985 ; 6(2) : 98-117.
  3. 김경태, 송호섭. 상완골외측상과염에 대한 봉약침 요법이 미치는 영향. 대한약침학회지. 2006 ; 9(2) : 93-7.
  4. 신홍기, 박동석, 이경희. 만성통증이 유발된 흰쥐에서 관찰된 침진통 효과의 세로토닌성 기전. 대한한의학회지. 2005 ; 26(3) : 239-48.
  5. 신홍기, 박동석, 이서은. 전침자극이 만성통증을 억제하는 아드레날린성 기전에 대한 연구. 대한한의학회지. 2004 ; 25(3) : 67-77.
  6. 황영준, 김장현. 비침습레이저 조사기를 이용한 통증 치험례에 대한 증례보고. 대한한방소아과학회지. 2006 ; 20(3) : 51-60.
  7. 이혜정. 약침학 개론 및 임상. 서울 : 일중사. 1999 : 13-7.
  8. 장준혁. 黃栢 및 威靈仙藥鍼이 lipopolysaccharide 유발 관절염의 IL-$1{\beta}$ 발현 억제에 미치는 영향. 대한침구학회지. 1999 ; 16(1) : 511-31.
  9. 한상원, 장현석, 최종백. 위령선 수침이(威靈仙水鍼) 통풍유발(痛風誘發) 흰쥐의 병리적 소견에 미치는 영향. 대한침구학회지. 1994 ; 11(1) : 485-98.
  10. 고창남, 민인규, 박성욱, 정우상, 문상관, 박정미, 조기호, 김영석, 배형섭. 뇌졸중 환자의 견관절 통증에 대한 봉독藥鍼의 임상효과. 대한한의학회지. 2007 ; 28(1) : 11-24.
  11. 백승일, 안중철, 김영진, 김형석, 권기록. 대한침구학회지에 게재된 藥鍼관련 논문의 유형분석. 대한침구학회지. 2006 ; 23(6) : 19-27.
  12. 전국한의과대학 본초학교실. 本草學. 서울 : 영림사. 1991 : 261-3.
  13. 유석. 威靈仙이 관절염 유발 동물모델의 소염, 진통 및 해열작용에 미치는 영향. 동국대학교 대학원. 2004.
  14. 전국한의과대학 재활의학과학교실. 동의재활의학과학. 서울 : 서원당. 1995 : 66.
  15. 최승훈. 한방병리학. 서울 : 일중사. 1997 : 171-6
  16. 전용민. 재편경악전서 본초증. 서울 : 대성의학사. 1999 : 392.
  17. 安秉國. 국역편주의학입문 II 本草上. 서울 : 남산당. 1974 : 214-5.
  18. 임진석. 本經疎證 下. 서울 : 아티전. 1998 : 707-8.
  19. Suh YD, Park JM, Kim MJ, Chon MH, Yang GB, Jang SH, Kang CJ, Kim JT and Kim YS. Effect of chronic tryptophan deficient diet on nociceptive sensitivity in mice. Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry. 2000 ; 6(1) : 68-82.
  20. Hunskaar S, Berge OG, Hole K. Dissociation between antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of acetylsalicylic acid and indomethacin in the formalin test. Pain. 1986 ; 25 : 125-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(86)90014-X
  21. Hunskaar S, Hole K. The formalin test in mice : dissociation between inflammatory and non-inflammapain. Pain. 1987 ; 30 : 103-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(87)90088-1
  22. Shibata M, Ohkubo T, Takahashi H, Inoki R. Modified formalin test ; characteristic biphasic pain response. Pain. 1989 ; 38 : 347-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(89)90222-4
  23. Dickenson AH and Sullivan AF. Subcutaneous formalin-induced activity of dorsal horn neurons in the rat: differential response to an intrathecal opiate administered pre or post formalin. Pain. 1987 ; 30 : 349-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(87)90023-6
  24. Tjolsen A, Berge O-G, Hunskaar S, Rosland JH and Hole K. The formalin test ; an evaluation of the method. Pain. 1992 ; 51 : 5-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(92)90003-T
  25. Dubuisson D and Dennis SG. The formalin test; a quantitative study of the analgesic effect of morphine, meperidine, and brain stem stimulation in rats and cats. Pain. 1977 ; 4 : 161-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(77)90130-0
  26. Rosland JH, Tjoisen A, Maehle B, Hole K. The fortest in mice, effect of formalin concentration. Pain. 1990 ; 42 : 235-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(90)91167-H
  27. Bullitt E. Expression of c-fos like protein as a maker for neuronal activity following noxious stimulation in the rat. J Comp Neurol. 1990 ; 296 : 517-30. https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.902960402
  28. Heapy CG, Jamieson A, Tussell NJW. After C-fibre and A-delta activity in models of imflammation. Br. J. Pharmacol. 1987 ; 90 : 164.
  29. Nikfar S, Abdollahi M, Etemad F, Sharifzadeh M. Effects of sweetening agents on morphine-induced analgesia in mice by formalin test. General Pharmacology. 1997 ; 29 : 583-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-3623(96)00575-7
  30. Nikfar S, Abdollahi M, Sharifzadeh M, Eftekhar N. Interaction between lead acetate and morphine on antinociception in mice by formalin test. General Pharmacology. 1998 ; 30 : 489-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-3623(97)00283-8
  31. Schott E, Berge OG, Angeby-Moller K, Hammarstorm G, Dalsgaard CJ, Brodin E. Weight bearing as an objective measure of arthritic pain in the rat. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 1994 ; 31 : 79-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/1056-8719(94)90046-9
  32. Urban MO, Gebhart GF. Supraspinal contributions to hyperalgesia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1999 ; 96 : 7687-92. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.14.7687
  33. Zhang Y, Shaffer A, Portanova J, Seibert K, Isakson PC. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 rapidly reverses inflammatory hyperalgesia and prostaglandin E2 production. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 1997 ; 283 : 1069-75.
  34. Wirth KJ, Alpermann HG, Satoh R, Inazu M. The bradykinin antagonist Hoe 140 inhibits carrageenan- and thermically induced paw oedema in rats. Agents and Actions Supplements. 1992 ; 38 : 428-31.
  35. Handy RL, Moore PK. A comparison of the effects of L-NAME, 7-NI and L-NIL on carrageenan-induced hindpaw edema and NOS activity. British Journal of Pharmacology. 1998 ; 123 : 1119-26. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjp.0701735
  36. Holsapple MP, Schnur M, Yim GK. Pharmacological modulation of edema mediated by prostaglandin, serotonin and histamine. Agents and Actions. 1980 ; 10 : 368-73. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01971442
  37. Stochla K, Maslinski S. Carrageenan-induced oedema in the rat paw. -histamine participation. Agents and Actions. 1982 ; 12 : 201-2. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01965145