The Study of Statistical Optimization of NDMA Treatment using UV-Process

UV공정을 이용한 NDMA처리 통계적 최적화 연구

  • Song, Won-Yong (Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyonggi University) ;
  • Chang, Soon-Woong (Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyonggi University)
  • Received : 2008.09.22
  • Accepted : 2008.11.10
  • Published : 2009.01.30

Abstract

The aim of this research was to apply experimental design methodology to optimizetion the photolytic degradation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA). Reactions were mathematically described as a function of parameters such as pH, initial NDMA concentration, and UV intensity using the Box-Behnken method. The results showed that the responses of NDMA removal (%) in photolysis were significantly affected by the synergistic effect of linear term of pH, initial NDMA concentration and UV intensity. The application of Response Surfase Methodology (RSM) using the Box-Behnken method yielded the following regression equation, which is an empirical relationship between the removal (%) of NDMA and test variables in coded unit: Y = 50.929 + 16.073(UV) - 7.909(NDMA) - 27.432(pH) - 11.385(UV)(NDMA) - 7.363(UV)(pH) +13.811(NDMA)(pH). The model predictions agreed well with the experimentally observed result ($R_2(ad.)=89%$).

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 한국학술진흥재단

References

  1. 곽재섭(2005). 평면연삭에서 가공특성 평가 및 반응표면모델개발. 대한기계학회논문집, 29(4), pp. 614-623 https://doi.org/10.3795/KSME-A.2005.29.4.614
  2. 김승현, 유이종(2002). NDMA; 새로운 도전. 대한환경공학회지, 24(4), pp. 743-746
  3. 이승훈(2006). minitab을 이용한 공학통계 자료분석, 이레테크
  4. 조일형, 이내현, 장순웅, 안상우, 윤영한, 조경덕(2006). 실험계획법 중 Box-Behnken법을 이용한 반응성 염료의 광촉매 산화조건 특성 해석 및 최적화. 대한환경공학회지, 28(9), pp. 917-925
  5. ATSDR (1989). Toxicological profile for N-nitrosodimethylamine. Prepared by the Syracuse Research Corporation for ATSDR in collaboration with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. U.S. Public Health Service, Washington, D.C. pp. 119
  6. Challis, B. C. and Osborne, M. R., J. (1973) The chemistry of nitroso-compounds. Part Ⅵ. Direct and indirect transnitrosation reactions of N-nitrosodiphenylamine. Chem. Soc., Perkin Ⅱ, pp. 1529-1533 https://doi.org/10.1039/P29730001526
  7. CRA (1994). Treatability test report for Conestoga-Rovers & Associates on Rayox UV/oxidation treatment of Uniroyal off-site groundwater. Waterloo, Ontario. December
  8. DMER and AEL (1996). Pathways analysis using fugacity modelling of N-nitrosodimethylamine for the second Priority Substances List. Unpublished report prepared for the Chemicals Evaluation Division, Commercial Chemicals Evaluation Branch, Environment Canada, Hull, Quebec. DMER, Peterborough, Ontario, and AEL, Don Mills, Ontario. pp. 63
  9. Howard, P. H., Boethling, R. S., Jarvis, W. F., Meylan, W. M., and Michalenko, E. M. (eds.) (1991). Handbook of environmental degradation rates, Lewis Publishers Inc., Chelsea, Michigan
  10. Kincl, M., Turk, S., and Vrecer, F. (2005). Application of experimental design methodology in development and optimization of drug release method. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 34(3), pp. 233-233
  11. Mirvish, S. S. (1975). The occurrence and determination of N-nitroso compounds Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol, 31, pp. 325-351 https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008X(75)90255-0
  12. Mitch, W., Sharp, J., Trussell, R., Valentine, R., Alvarez-Cohen, L., and Sedlak, D. (2003). N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) as a drinking water contaminant: a review. Environ. Eng. Sci., 20(5), pp. 389-404 https://doi.org/10.1089/109287503768335896
  13. Najm, I. and Trussell, R. R. (2001). NDMA formation in water and wastewater. J. AWWA, February, pp. 92-99
  14. OME (1991). Scientific criteria document for multimedia standard development No. 01-90. N-Nitrosodimethylamine. Hazardous Contaminants Coordination Branch, Toronto, Ontario. pp. 64
  15. Patai, S. (1982). The Chemistry of Amino, Nitroso and Nitro Compounds and their Derivatives, Interscience, Wiley, London, New York
  16. Richardson, S. D. (2003). Disinfection by-products and other emerging contaminants in drinking water. Trends Anal. Chem., 22, pp. 666-684 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-9936(03)01003-3
  17. Tate, R. L., III and Alexander, M. (1975). Stability of nitrosamines in samples of lake water, soil, and sewage. J. Natl. Cancer Ins., 54, pp. 327-330
  18. Thomas, R. G. (1982). Volatilization from water. In: W. J. Lyman, W. F. Reehl, and D. H. Rosenblatt (eds.), Handbook of chemical property estimation methods, McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 15-27