Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

  • 제22권11호
  • /
  • Pages.1581-1586
  • /
  • 2009
  • /
  • 1011-2367(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1976-5517(eISSN)
아세아태평양축산학회 (Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effects of the Hot, Humid Tropical Climate and Early Age Feed Restriction on Stress and Fear Responses, and Performance in Broiler Chickens

  • Al-Aqil, A. (Department of Animal Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia) ;
  • Zulkifli, I. (Department of Animal Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia) ;
  • Sazili, A.Q. (Department of Animal Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia) ;
  • Omar, A.R. (Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Universiti Putra Malaysia) ;
  • Rajion, M.A. (Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia)
  • 투고 : 2009.01.07
  • 심사 : 2009.03.21
  • 발행 : 2009.11.01
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The present study was conducted to determine the effects of two types of housing systems and early age feed restriction on stress and fear reactions, and performance in broiler chickens raised in a hot, humid tropical climate. On day 1, chicks were housed either in windowless environmentally controlled chambers (temperature was set at 32$^{\circ}C$ on day 1 and gradually reduced to 23$^{\circ}C$ by day 21) or in conventional open-sided houses (OH) with cyclic temperatures (minimum, 24$^{\circ}C$; maximum, 34$^{\circ}C$). An equal number of chicks from each housing system was subjected to either ad libitum feeding (AL) or 60% feed restriction on day 4, 5 and 6 (FR). The CH birds showed greater weight gain, higher feed consumption and better feed conversion ratios (FCR) than their OH counterparts. Feeding regimen had negligible effect on overall performance. Neither housing nor feeding regimen had a significant (p<0.05) effect on mortality rate. Although the CH birds were less stressed, as measured by plasma corticosterone concentration (CORT), than those of OH, the former showed longer TI duration suggesting higher magnitude of underlying fearfulness. A significant (p<0.05) effect of housing on heterophil/lymphocyte ratios was only noted among the AL birds where the CH birds had higher values than OH. Collectively, these results suggest that although OH birds had poorer performance and higher level of stress than CH, the former were less fearful. Although FR had negligible effect on growth performance, the regimen alleviated both stress and fear reactions in broilers.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Abu-Dieyeh, Z. H. M. 2006. Effect of high temperature per se on growth performance of broilers. Intl. J. Poult. Sci. 5:19-21 https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2006.19.21
  2. Ain Baziz, H., P. A. Geraert, J. C. F. Padilha and S. Guillaumin. 1996. Chronic heat exposure enhances fat deposition and modifies muscle and fat partition in broiler carcasses. Poult. Sci. 75:505-513 https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0750505
  3. Al-Murrani, W. K., I. K. Al-Rawi and N. M. Raof. 2002. Genetic resistance to almonella typhimurium in two lines of chickens selected as resistant and sensitive on the basis of the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio. Br. Poult. Sci. 38:159-163 https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669708417962
  4. Arjona, A. D. M. Denbow and W. D. Weaver. 1988. Effects of heat stress early in life on mortality of broilers exposed to high environmental temperatures prior to marketing. Poult.. Sci. 67:226-231 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4565(02)00058-X
  5. Bayyari, G. R., W. E. Huff, N. C. Rath, J. M. Balog, L. A. Newberry, J. D. Villines, J. K. Skeeles, N. B. Anthony and K. E. Nestor. 1997. Effect of the genetic selection of turkeys for increased body weight and egg production on immune and physiological responses. Poult. Sci. 76:289-296
  6. Benoff, F. H. and P. B. Siegel. 1976. Genetic analyses of tonic immobility in young Japanese quail (Cortunix cortunix japonica). Anim. Learn. Behav. 67:226-231
  7. Campo, J. L. and C. Carnicer. 1994. Effects of several "stressors" on tonic immobility reaction of chickens. Arch. Gefluegelk. 58:75-78
  8. Daghir, N. J. 1995a. Nutrient requirements of poultry at high temperatures. In: Poultry production in hot climates (Ed. N. J. Daghir), CAB International, Wallingford, UK. pp. 101-124
  9. Daghir, N. J. 1995b. Broiler feeding and management in hot climates. In: Poultry production in hot climates (Ed. N. J. Daghir), CAB International, Wallingford, UK. pp. 185-218
  10. Geraert, P. A., J. C. F. Padilha and S. Guillaumin. 1996. Metabolic and endocrine changes induced by chronic heat exposure in broiler chickens: growth performance, body composition and energy retention. Br. J. Nutrn. 75:195-204 https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19960124
  11. Gething, M. J. and J. Sambrook. 1992. Protein folding in the cell. Nature 355:33-45 https://doi.org/10.1038/355033a0
  12. Gross, W. B. and H. S. Siegel. 1983. Evaluation of heterophil/lymphocyte as a measurement of stress in chickens. Avian Dis. 27:972-979 https://doi.org/10.2307/1590198
  13. Harvey, S., B. J. Merry and J. G. Phillips. 1980. Influence of stress on the secretion of corticosterone in the duck (Anas platyrhynchos). J. Endocrinol. 87:161-171 https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.0870161
  14. Huff, G. R., W. E. Huff, J. M. Balog, N. C. Rath, N. B. Anthony and K. E. Nestor. 2005. Stress response differences and disease susceptibility reflected by heterophil to lymphocyte ratio in turkeys selected for increased body weight. Poult. Sci. 84:709-717
  15. Hurwitz, S. and I. Bengal. 1982. Energy use and performance of young turkeys kept under various constant and cycling environmental temperatures. Poult. Sci. 61:1082-1086 https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0611082
  16. Jones, R. B. 1986. The tonic immobility reaction of the domestic fowl: a review. Wld's. Poult. Sci. J. 42:82-96 https://doi.org/10.1079/WPS19860008
  17. Jones, R. B. and J. B. Williams. 1992. Responses of pair-housed male and female domestic chicks to the removal of a companion. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 32:375-380 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(05)80029-2
  18. Lagadic, H., J. M. Faure, A. D. Mills and J. B. Williams. 1990. Effects of blood sampling on plasma concentrations of corticosterone and glucose in laying hens caged in groups. Br. Poult. Sci. 31:823-829 https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669008417313
  19. Lee, H. Y. and J. V. Craig. 1991. Beak teimming effects on behaviour patterns, fearfulness, feathering and mortality among three stocks of White Leghorn pullets in cages floor pens. Poult. Sci. 70:211-221 https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0700211
  20. Liew, P. K., I. Zulkifli, M. Hair-Bejo, A. R. Omar and D. A. Israf. 2003. Effects of early age feed restriction and thermal conditioning on heat shock protein 70 expression, resistance to infectious bursal disease and growth in male broiler chickens subjected to chronic heat stress. Poult. Sci. 82:1879-1885
  21. Maxwell, M. H. 1993. Avian blood leucocyte response to stress. Wld's. Poult. Sci. J. 49:34-43 https://doi.org/10.1079/WPS19930004
  22. $SAS^{{\circledR}}$ Institute. 1991. SAS/STAT User's Guide Release 6.03: Cary, NC, SAS Institute
  23. Siegel, H. S. 1995. Stress, strains and resistance. Br. Poult. Sci. 36:3-22 https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669508417748
  24. van Kampen, M. 1981. Water balance of colostomised and noncolostomised hens at different ambient temperatures. Br. Poult. Sci. 22:17-23 https://doi.org/10.1080/00071688108447859
  25. Yahav, S. and J. P. McMurtry. 2001. Thermotolerance acquisition in broiler chickens by temperature conditioning early in life the effect of timing and ambient temperature. Poult. Sci. 80:1662-1666
  26. Yahav, S., A. Straschnow, I. Plavnik and S. Hurwitz. 1996. Effect of diurnal cyclic versus constant temperatures on chicken growth and food intake. Br. Poult. Sci. 37:43-54 https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669608417835
  27. Zulkifli, I., B. Norbaiyah and A. Siti Nor Azah. 2004. Growth performance, mortality and immune response of two commercial broiler strains subjected to early age feed restriction and heat conditioning under hot, humid tropical environment. Arch. Gefl$\ddot{U}$gelk. 68:253-258
  28. Zulkifli, I., E. A. Dunnington, W. B. Gross and P. B. Siegel. 1994a. Food restriction early or later in life and its effect on adaptability, disease resistance, and immunocomptence of heat-stressed dwarf and nondwarf chickens. Br. Poult. Sci. 35:203-213 https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669408417685
  29. Zulkifli, I. 1999. Heterophil/lymphocyte response and performance of feed and water restricted broiler chickens under tropical conditions. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 12:951-955
  30. Zulkifli, I., E. A. Dunnington, W. B. Gross and P. B. Siegel. 1994b. Inhibition of adrenal steroidogenesis, food restriction and acclimation to high ambient temperatures in chickens. Br. Poult. Sci. 35:417-426 https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669408417706
  31. Zulkifli, I., M. T. Che Norma, D. A. Israf and A. R. Omar. 2000a. The effect of early age feed restriction on subsequent response to high environmental temperatures in female broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 79:1401-1407
  32. Zulkifli, I., M. T. Che Norma, C. H. Chong and T. C. Loh. 2000b. Heterophil/lymphocyte and tonic immobility reactions to preslaughter handling in broiler chickens treated with ascorbic acid. Poult. Sci. 79:402-406
  33. Zulkifli, I., R. T. Dass and M. T. Che Norma. 1999. Acute heat stress effects on physiology and fear-related behaviour in commercial broilers and red jungle fowl. Canad. J. Anim. Sci. 79:165-170 https://doi.org/10.4141/A98-022
  34. Zulkifli, I., A. Al-Aqil, A. R. Omar, A. Q. Sazili and M. A. Rajion. 2009. Crating and heat stress influences blood parameters and heat shock protein 70 expression in broiler chickens showing short or long tonic immobility reactions. Poult. Sci. 88:471-476 https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2008-00287
  35. Zuprizal, M. Larbier, A. M. Chagneau and P. A. Geraert. 1993. Influence of ambient temperature on true digestibility of protein and amino acids of rapeseed and soybean meals in broilers. Poult. Sci. 72:289-295 https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0720289

피인용 문헌

  1. Effect of Feeding Time Restriction During the Growing Period on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens vol.11, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3923/ajpsaj.2017.70.74
  2. Climatic Variation: Effects on Stress Levels, Feed Intake, and Bodyweight of Broilers vol.19, pp.3, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0494
  3. Propolis supplementation attenuates the negative effects of oxidative stress induced by paraquat injection on productive performance and immune function in turkey poults vol.96, pp.12, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pex248
  4. Utilizing original XPC™ in feed to reduce stress susceptibility of broilers vol.97, pp.3, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pex386
  5. Effect of pre-incubation and incubation conditions on hatchability, hatch time and hatch window, and effect of post-hatch handling on chick quality at placement vol.69, pp.2, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1017/s0043933913000329
  6. Effects of Feeding Time Restriction During the Whole Rearing Period on the Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens vol.18, pp.1, 2009, https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2019.14.20
  7. Effects of Feeding Different Postbiotics Produced by Lactobacillus plantarum on Growth Performance, Carcass Yield, Intestinal Morphology, Gut Microbiota Composition, Immune Status, and Growth Gene Exp vol.9, pp.9, 2009, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9090644
  8. Effects of Outdoor Access and Indoor Stocking Density on Behaviour and Stress in Broilers in the Subhumid Tropics vol.9, pp.12, 2019, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9121016
  9. DESENVOLVIMENTO E AVALIAÇÃO DAS CONDIÇÕES CLIMÁTICAS DENTRO DE UM EDIFÍCIO DE AVES SUSTENTÁVEL vol.14, pp.3, 2009, https://doi.org/10.18011/bioeng2020v14n3p309-320