Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy (식물분류학회지)

The Korean Society of Plant Taxonomists (한국식물분류학회)
권호 표지

A cytotaxonomic study of Galium (Rubiaceae) in Korea

한국산 갈퀴덩굴속(Galium L.)의 세포분류학적 연구

  • Jeong, Keum Seon (Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Pak, Jae-Hong (Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University)
  • 정금선 (경북대학교 자연과학대학 생물학과) ;
  • 박재홍 (경북대학교 자연과학대학 생물학과)
  • Published : 2009.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, the somatic chromosome of 14 taxa of Korean Galium L. were investigated. Among them were a few taxa for which the somatic chromosome number was determined for the first time. The somatic chromosome numbers of Korean Galium L. were 2n = 22, 24, 44, 48, 66, 72, 77, 88 and so basic chromosome numbers were x = 11 or 12. Those taxa having the basic chromosome number x = 11 showed polyploidy, including diploid, tetraploid, heptaploid, and octoploid. Tetraploid and hexaploid can be observed in those taxa with the basic number x = 12. The eleven taxa reported 11 for the first time are G. spurium var. echinospermon (Wallr.) Hayek (2n = 44), G. gracilens (A. Gray) Makino (2n = 22), G. pogonanthum Franch. & Sav. (2n = 22, 44), G. trachyspermum A. Gray (2n = 22, 44), G. japonicum (Maxim.) Makino & Nakai (2n = 77), G. trifloriforme Kom. (2n = 44), G. dahuricum Turcz. var. dahuricum (2n = 48, 72), G. dahuricum var. tokyoense (Makino) Cufod. (2n = 22), G. kinuta Nakai & Hara (2n=66), G. verum var. trachycarpum for. nikkoense (Nakai) Ohwi (2n = 44), G. verum var. asiaticum for. pusillum (Nakai) M. Park (2n = 44). The taxa with the same chromosome numbers as previously reported ones were G. boreale L. (2n=22) and G. verum var. asiaticum Nakai for. asiaticum (2n = 44). The chromosome number of G. trifidum L. (2n = 22) was different from the previous report. Two infraspecific taxa of G. dahuricum showed differences in their basic chromosome numbers (x = 11 for G. dahuricum Turcz. var. dahuricum and x = 12 for var. tokyoense (Makino) Cufod. The somatic chromosome number for G. dahuricum Turcz. var. dahuricum was found to be 2n = 48 (tetraploid) or 72 (hexaploid), while that of G. dahuricum var. tokyoense (Makino) Cufod. was found to be 2n = 22 (diploid). Therefore, basic chromosome numbers for members of the genus Galium can be used as valuable characters in delimiting infrageneric sections and investigating interspecific relationships.

본 연구에서 한국산 갈퀴덩굴속(Galium) 14 분류군의 체세포염색체수를 밝혔다. 본 속의 체세포염색체수는 2n = 22, 24, 44, 48, 66, 72, 77, 88로 나타났으며, 기본염색체수는 x = 11, 12로 확인되었다. x = 11의 기본염색체수를 갖는 분류군들은 2배체, 4배체, 7배체, 8배체의 다양한 배수체로 나타났으며, x = 12의 기본염색체수를 갖는 분류군에서도 4배체, 6배체가 확인되었다. 갈퀴덩굴(G. spurium var. echinospermon (Wallr.) Hayek, 2n = 44)을 비롯하여 좀네잎갈퀴(G. gracilens (A. Gray) Makino, 2n = 22), 산갈퀴(G. pogonanthum Franch. & Sav., 2n = 22, 44), 네잎갈퀴(G. trachyspermum A. Gray, 2n = 22, 44), 검은개선갈퀴(G. japonicum (Maxim.)Makino & Nakai, 2n = 77), 개선갈퀴(G. trifloriforme Kom., 2n = 44), 큰잎갈퀴(G. dahuricum Turcz. var. dahuricum, 2n = 48, 72), 흰갈퀴(G. dahuricum var. tokyoense (Makino) Cufod., 2n = 22), 민둥갈퀴(G. kinuta Nakai & Hara, 2n = 66), 흰솔나물(G. verum var. trachycarpum for. nikkoense (Nakai) Ohwi, 2n = 44), 애기솔나물(G. verum var. asiaticum for. pusillum (Nakai) M. Park, 2n = 44) 등 11분류군의 염색체수가 본 연구를 통해 새로이 밝혀졌다. 긴잎갈퀴(G. boreale L., 2n = 22)와 솔나물(G. verum var. asiaticum Nakai for. asiaticum, 2n = 44)의 염색체수는 기존의 연구결과와 동일하였고, 가는네잎갈퀴(G. trifidum L., 2n = 22)의 염색체수는 이전의 연구 결과와 달랐다. 큰잎갈퀴와 흰갈퀴는 Sect. Leptogalium의 같은 종(G. dahuricum)에 속하지만 기본염색체수는 각각 x = 12, x = 11로차이가 났다. 체세포염색체수에서도 큰잎갈퀴는 2n = 48(4배체) 또는 2n = 72(6배체)인 반면, 흰갈퀴는 2n = 22(2배체)로 확인되어 뚜렷하게 구별되었다. 본 연구 결과 체세포염색체수는 갈퀴덩굴속의 절간 유연관계를 파악하고 분류군의 한계를 논의하는데 유용한 형질로 파악되었다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 한국학술진흥재단

References

  1. Chung, T. H. 1957. Korean flora. Vol. II. Shinjisa, Seoul. Pp. 611- 620 (in Korean)
  2. Eleonora, A. 1909. Hybrids between Galium verum & G. mollugo. New Phytologist 8: 351-353 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1909.tb05542.x
  3. Lee, B. Y., C.-W. Park and E.-B. Lee. 2007. Rubiaceae. In The genera of Vascular Plants of Korea. Park, C.-W. (ed.), Academy Pulishing Co., Seoul. Pp. 920-932
  4. Lee, T. B. 1979. Illustrated flora of Korea. Hyangmun-sa, Seoul. Pp. 696-701 (in Korean)
  5. Lee, W. T. 1995. Lineamenta Florae Koreae. Academy Press, Seoul. Pp. 289-291 (in Korean)
  6. Lee, Y. N. 1996. Flora of Korea. Kyohaksa, Seoul. Pp. 642- 649 (in Korean)
  7. Lee, Y. S. 1979. Remarks on chromosome numbers in Rubiaceae. Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 9: 57-66
  8. Lewis, W. H. 1962. Chromosome numbers in North American Rubiaceae. Brittonia. 14: 285-290 https://doi.org/10.2307/2805262
  9. Linne, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Ed. 1. Stockholm
  10. Love, A. and D. Love. 1968. Cytotaxonomy of Blechnum Spicant Collect. Bot. 7: 665-676
  11. Murin, A., Haberova, I. and Zamsran, C. 1980. Karyological studies of some species of the Mongolian flora. Folia Geobot. 15(4): 395-405
  12. Nakai, T. 1911. Flora Koreana II. J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo. 29: 1-573
  13. Nakai, T. 1916. Praecursores ad Floram sylvaticam Koreanam. VII. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 30: 224-225
  14. Nakai, T. 1952. A Synoptical Sketch of Korean Flora. Bull. Nat. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 32: 1-152
  15. Nishikawa, T. 1986. Chromosome counts of flowering plants of Hokkaido (10). J. Hokkaido. Univ. Educ. Sec., 2B 37: 5-17
  16. Nishikawa, T. 1988. Chromosome counts of flowering plants of Hokkaido (11). J. Hokkaido. Univ. Educ. Sec. 2B 38: 33-40
  17. Ohwi, J. 1965. Flora of Japan. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Pp. 821-833
  18. Pobedimova, E. G. 1958. Galium L. In Flora of the URSS, Vol. 23. Schischkin, B. K. (ed.). Academiae Scientiaum URSS. Mosqua. Pp. 345-457
  19. Puff, C. 1976. The Galium trifidum group (Galium sect. Aparinoides, Rubiaceae). Can. J. Bot. 54: 1911-1925 https://doi.org/10.1139/b76-206
  20. Wiegand, K. M. 1897. Galium trfidum and its North American allies. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 389-403 https://doi.org/10.2307/2478353
  21. Zhukova, P. G. 1980. Chromosome number of some southern Chukotka plant species. Bot. Zhur. 65(1): 51-59 (In Russian)