Application of the Polymer Behavior Model to 3D Structure Fabrication

3차원 미세 구조물 제작을 위한 폴리머 유동 모델의 적용

  • 김종영 (포항공과대학교 기계공학과) ;
  • 조동우 (포항공과대학교 기계공학과)
  • Published : 2009.12.01

Abstract

This study presents the application of a polymer behavior model that considers fluid mechanics and heat transfer effects in a deposition system. The analysis of the polymer fluid properties is very important in the fabrication of precise microstructures. This fluid behavior model involves the calculation of velocity distribution and mass flow rates that include the effect of heat loss in the needle. The effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated by comparing estimated mass fluid rates with experimental values. The mass fluid rates under various process conditions, such as pressure, temperature, and needle size, reflected the actual deposition state relatively well, and the assumption that molten polycaprolactone(PCL) is a non-Newtonian fluid was reasonable. The successful fabrication of three-dimensional microstructures demonstrated that the model is valid for predicting the polymer behavior characteristics in the microstructure fabrication process. The results of this study can be used to investigate the effect of various parameters on fabricated structures before turning to experimental approaches.

Keywords

References

  1. Yamada, A., Niikura, F. and Ikuta, K., 'A threedimensional microfabrication system for biodegradable polymers with high resolution and biocompatibility,' Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, Vol. IS, No.2, Paper No. 025035, 2008
  2. Wang, F., Shor, L., Darling, A., Khalil, S., Sun, w., Guceri and Lau, A., 'Precision extruding deposition and characterization of cellular poly-e-caprolactone tissue scaffolds,' Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. l0, No. 1, pp. 42-49, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1108/13552540410512525
  3. Chu, W.-S., Jeong, S.-Y', Pandey, J. K., Ahn, S.-H., Lee, J.-H. and Chi, S.-C., 'Fabrication of composite drug delivery system using nano composite deposition system and in vivo characterization,' International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, Vol. 9, No.2, pp. 81-83, 2008
  4. Vozzi, G., Previty, A., Rossi, D. and Ahluwalia, A., 'Micro syringe-based deposition of two-dimensional and three-dimensional polymer scaffolds with a welldefined geometry for application to tissue engineering,' Tissue Engineering, Vol. 8, No.6, pp. 1089-1098, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1089/107632702320934182
  5. Chen, X. B. and Ke, H., 'Effects of fluid properties on dispensing processes for electronics packaging,' IEEE Transactions on Electronics Packaging Manufacturing, Vol. 29, No.2, pp. 75-82, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1109/TEPM.2006.874964
  6. Chen, X. B., Li, M. G. and Ke, H., 'Modeling of the fluid rate in the dispensing-based process for fabricating tissue scaffolds,' Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Vol. 130, No. 2, Paper No. 021003, 2008 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2789725
  7. Loulou, T., Peerhossaini, H. and Bardon, J. P., 'Experimental study on the thermal conductivity of non-Newtonian fluids under shear: Application to the solutions of Carbopol 940,' International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 35, No. 10, pp. 2557-2562, 1992 https://doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(92)90097-C
  8. Brandrup, J. and Immergut, E. H., 'Polymer Handbook 3rd edition,' Wiley, 1989
  9. Domininghans, H., 'Plastics for Engineers: Materials, Properties and Applications,' Hanser Gardner Publications, 1993
  10. Kim, J. Y., Yoon, J. J., Park, E. K., Kim, D. S., Kim, S.-Y. and Cho, D.-W., 'Cell adhesion and proliferation evaluation of SFF-based biodegradable scaffolds fabricated using multi-head deposition system,' Biofabrication, Vol. 1, No.1, Paper No. 015002,2009
  11. Kim, J. Y., Park, E. K., Kim, S.-Y., Shin, J.-W. and Cho, D.-W., 'Fabrication of a SFF-based threedimensional scaffold using a precision deposition system in tissue engineering,' Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, Vol. 18, No. 5, Paper No. 055027, 2008
  12. Chhabra, R. P. and Richardson, J. F., 'NonNewtonian fluid in the process industries,' Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999
  13. Lyche, B. C. and Bird, R. B., 'The Graetz-Nusselt problem for a power-law non-Newtonian fluid,' Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 6, No.1, pp. 35-41,1956 https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(56)80008-0
  14. Yang, S., Leong, K.-F., Du, Z. and Chua, C.-K., 'The design of scaffolds for use in tissue engineering. Part 1. Traditional factors,' Tissu.e Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 679-689, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1089/107632701753337645
  15. Hutmacher, D. W., Sittinger, M. and Risbud, M. v., 'Scaffold-based tissue engineering: rationale for computer-aided design and solid free-form fabrication systems,' Trends in Biotechnology, Vol. 22, No.7, pp. 354-362, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.05.005
  16. Zein, I., Hutmacher, D. w., Tan, K. C. and Teoh, S. H., 'Fused deposition modeling of novel scaffold architectures for tissue engineering applications,' Biomaterials, Vol. 23, No.4, pp. 1169-1185,2002 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(01)00232-0
  17. Cao, T., Ho, K.-H. and Teoh, S.-H., 'Scaffold design and in vitro study of osteochondral coculture in a three-dimensional porous polycaprolactone scaffold fabricated by fused depm,ition modeling,' Tissue Engineering, Vol. 9, Suppl. 1, pp. SI03-S112, 2003
  18. Peter, S. and Ake, F., 'Continuous cooling and isothermal crystallization of polycaprolactone,' Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 61, No. 13, pp.2455-2465,1996 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19960926)61:13<2455::AID-APP25>3.0.CO;2-1
  19. Minakov, A. A. and Schick, C., 'Advanced AC calorimetry of polycaprolactone in melting region,' Thermochimica Acta, Vol. 330, No. 1-2, pp. 109-119, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6031(99)00025-8