Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science

Korean Academy of Periodontology (대한치주과학회)
권호 표지

The effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation on the surface microstructure and roughness of $TiO_2$ implant

Er:YAG 레이저 조사가 산화 티타늄 블라스팅 임플란트 표면 미세 구조 및 거칠기에 미치는 영향

  • An, Jang-Hyuk (Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kwon, Young-Hyuk (Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Park, Joon-Bong (Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Herr, Yeek (Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Chung, Jong-Hyuk (Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University)
  • 안장혁 (경희대학교 치의학전문대학원 치주과학교실) ;
  • 권영혁 (경희대학교 치의학전문대학원 치주과학교실) ;
  • 박준봉 (경희대학교 치의학전문대학원 치주과학교실) ;
  • 허익 (경희대학교 치의학전문대학원 치주과학교실) ;
  • 정종혁 (경희대학교 치의학전문대학원 치주과학교실)
  • Published : 2008.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser on microstructure and roughness of $TiO_2$ blasting implant surface. Materials and Methods: Ten $TiO_2$ blasting implant were used in this experiment. One implant was control group, and nine $TiO_2$ blasting implant surfaces were irradiated with Er:YAG laser under 100 mJ/pulse, 140 mJ/pulse, and 180 mJ/pulse condition for 1 min, 1.5 min, and 2 min respectively. Optical interferometer and scanning electron microscopy was utilized to measure roughness and microstructure of specimens. Results: The surface roughness was decreased after Er:YAG laser irradiation in all groups, but there was no significant difference. 100 mJ/pulse and 140 mJ/pulse group did not alter the $TiO_2$ blasting implant surface in SEM study while 180 mJ/pulse group altered the $TiO_2$ blasting implant surface. Implant surfaces showed melting, microfracture and smooth surface in 180 mJ/pulse group. Conclusion: Detoxification of implant surface using Er:YAG laser must be irradiated with proper energy output and irradiation time to prevent implant surface alteration.

Keywords

References

  1. Mombelli A, Van Oosten MAC, Schürch EJ, Lang NP. The microbiota associated with successful or failing osseointegrated titanium implants. Oral Microbiol Immunol 1987;2:145-151 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-302X.1987.tb00298.x
  2. Quirynen M, Naert I, Van Steenberghe D. Fixture design and overload influence marginal bone loss and fixture success in the Brånemark system. Clin Oral Implants Res 1992;3:104-111 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.1992.030302.x
  3. Isidor F. Loss of osseointegration caused by occlusal load of oral implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 1996;7:143-152 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.1996.070208.x
  4. Mombelli A, Buser D, Lang NP. Colonization of osseointegrated titanium implants in edentulous patients. Early results. Oral Microbiol Immunol 1988;3:113-120 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-302X.1988.tb00095.x
  5. Mombelli A, Lang NP. The diagnosis and treatment of peri-implantitis. Periodontol 2000 1998;17:63-76. Review https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0757.1998.tb00124.x
  6. Esposito M, Thomsen P, Ericson LE, Lekholm U. Histopathologic observations on early oral implant failures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1999;14:798-810
  7. Berglundh T, Lindhe J, Ericsson I et al. The soft tissue barrier at implants and teeth. Clin Oral Implant Res 1991;2:81-90 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.1991.020206.x
  8. Meffert RM, Langer B, Fritz ME. Dental implants: A review. J Periodontol 1992;63:859-870 https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.1992.63.11.859
  9. Baier RE, Meyer AE. Implant surface preparation. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1988;3:9-20
  10. Sennerby L, Lekholm U. The soft tissue response to titanium abutments retrieved from humans and reimplanted in rats. A light microscopic study. Clin Oral Implants Res 1993;4:23-27 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.1993.040103.x
  11. Zablotsky MH, Diedrich DL, Meffert RM. Detoxification of endotoxin-contaminated titanium and hydroxyapatitecoated surfaces utilizing various chemotherapeutic and mechanical modalities. Implant Dent 1992;1:154-158 https://doi.org/10.1097/00008505-199205000-00009
  12. Thomson-Neal D, Evans GH, Meffert RM. Effects of various prophylactic treatments on titanium, sapphire, and hydroxyapatite-coated implants: an SEM study. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 1989;9:300-311
  13. Dennison DK, Huerzeler MB, Quinones C, Caffesse RG. Contaminated implant surfaces: an in vitro comparison of implant surface coating and treatment modalities for decontamination. J Periodontol 1994;65:942-948 https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.1994.65.10.942
  14. Fox SC, Moriarty JD, Kusy RP. The effects of scaling a titanium implant surface with metal and plastic instruments: an in vitro study. J Periodontol 1990;61:485-490 https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.1990.61.8.485
  15. Krozer A, Hall J, Ericsson I. Chemical treatment of machined titanium surfaces. An in vitro study. Clin Oral Implants Res 1999;10:204-211 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.1999.100303.x
  16. Mombelli A, Feloutzis A, Bragger U, Lang NP. Treatment of peri-implantitis by local delivery of tetracycline. Clinical, microbiological and radiological results. Clin Oral Implants Res 2001;12:287-294 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.2001.012004287.x
  17. Preus HR, Lassen J, Aass AM, Ciancio SG. Bacterial resistance following subgingival and systemic administration of minocycline. J Clin Periodontol 1995;22:380-384 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00164.x
  18. Kato T, Kusakari H, Hoshino E. Bactericidal efficacy of carbon dioxide laser against bacteria-contaminated titanium implant and subsequent cellular adhesion to irradiated area. Lasers Surg Med 1998;23:299-309 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9101(1998)23:5<299::AID-LSM10>3.0.CO;2-K
  19. Romanos GE, Everts H, Nentwig GH. Effects of diode and Nd:YAG laser irradiation on titanium discs: a scanning electron microscope examination. J Periodontol 2000;71:810-815 https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2000.71.5.810
  20. Block CM, Mayo JA, Evans GH. Effects of the Nd:YAG dental laser on plasma-sprayed and hydroxyapatite-coated titanium dental implants: surface alteration and attempted sterilization. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1992;7:441-449
  21. Stubinger S, Henke J, Donath K, Deppe H. Bone regeneration after peri-implant care with the CO2 laser: a fluorescence microscopy study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2005;20:203-210
  22. Dortbudak O, Haas R, Bernhart T, Mailath-Pokorny G. Lethal photosensitization for decontamination of implant surfaces in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Clin Oral Implants Res 2001;12:104-108 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.2001.012002104.x
  23. Schwarz F, Sculean A, Georg T, Reich E. Periodontal treatment with an Er:YAG laser compared to scaling and root planing. A controlled clinical study. J Periodontol 2001;72:361-367 https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2001.72.3.361
  24. Schwarz F, Sculean A, Berakdar M et al. Clinical evaluation of an Er:YAG laser combined with scaling and root planing for non-surgical periodontal treatment. A controlled, prospective clinical study. J Clin Periodontol 2003;30:26-34 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051X.2003.300105.x
  25. Sasaki KM, Aoki A, Masuno H et al. Compositional analysis of root cementum and dentin after Er:YAG laser irradiation compared with CO2 lased and intact roots using Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. J Periodontal Res 2002;37:50-59 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0765.2002.00657.x
  26. Kreisler M, Al Haj H, d'Hoedt B. Temperature changes at the implant-bone interface during simulated surface decontamination with an Er:YAG laser. Int J Prosthodont 2002;15:582-587
  27. Kreisler M, Kohnen W, Marinello C et al. Bactericidal effect of the Er:YAG laser on dental implant surfaces: an in vitro study. J Periodontol 2002;73:1292-1298 https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2002.73.11.1292
  28. Kreisler M, Gotz H, Duschner H. Effect of Nd:YAG, Ho:YAG, Er:YAG, CO2, and GaAIAs laser irradiation on surface properties of endosseous dental implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2002;17:202-211
  29. Matsuyama T, Aoki A, Oda S, Yoneyama T, Ishikawa I. Effects of the Er:YAG laser irradiation on titanium implant materials and contaminated implant abutment surfaces. J Clin Laser Med Surg 2003;21:7-17 https://doi.org/10.1089/10445470360516680
  30. Cooper L. A role for surface topography in creating and maintaining bone at titanium endosseous implants. J Prosthet Dent 2000:84:522-534 https://doi.org/10.1067/mpr.2000.111966
  31. Wennerberg A, Albrektsson T. Suggested guidelines for the topographic evaluation of implant surfaces. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2000;15:331-344
  32. Ericsson I, Johansson CB, Bystedt H, Norton MR. A histomorphometric evaluation of bone-to-implant contact on machine-prepared and roughened titanium dental implants. A pilot study in the dog. Clin Oral Implants Res 1994;5: 202-206 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.1994.050402.x
  33. Rimondini L, Fare S, Brambilla E et al. The effect of surface roughness on early in vivo plaque colonization on titanium. J Periodontol 1997;68:556-562 https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.1997.68.6.556
  34. Lucas RM, Chen SY, Aleo JJ. Histochemical study of strain L fibroblasts exposed to endotoxin. The effect on cellular organelles. J Periodontol 1979;50:20-22 https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.1979.50.1.20
  35. Aoki A, Sasaki KM, Watanabe H, Ishikawa I. Lasers in non surgical periodontal therapy. Periodontol 2000 2004;36: 59-97. Review https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0757.2004.03679.x
  36. Ando Y, Aoki A, Watanabe H, Ishikawa I. Bactericidal effect of erbium YAG laser on periodontopathic bacteria. Lasers Surg Med 1996;19:190-200 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9101(1996)19:2<190::AID-LSM11>3.0.CO;2-B
  37. Yamaguchi H, Kobayashi K, Osada R et al. Effects of irradiation of an erbium:YAG laser on root surfaces. J Periodontol 1997;68:1151-1155 https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.1997.68.12.1151
  38. Friedmann A, Antic L, Bernimoulin JP, Purucker P. In vitro attachment of osteoblasts on contaminated rough titanium surfaces treated by Er:YAG laser. J Biomed Mater Res 2006;79:53-60
  39. Schwarz F, Sculean A, Romanos G et al. Influence of different treatment approaches on the removal of early plaque biofilms and the viability of SAOS2 osteoblasts grown on titanium implants. Clin Oral Investig 2005;9:111-117 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-005-0305-8
  40. Sasaki KM, Aoki A, Ichinose S et al. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy analysis of bone removal using Er:YAG and $CO_2$ lasers. J Periodontol 2002;73:643-652 https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2002.73.6.643