Factors Influencing the Foliar Uptake of Dimethomorph into Cucumber Induced by Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylate

Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylate에 의해 유도되는 Dimethomorph의 오이 엽면 침투성 영향 인자

  • Yu, Ju-Hyun (Chemical Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
  • 유주현 (한국화학연구원 바이오정밀화학연구센터)
  • Published : 2008.06.30

Abstract

In order to find the best compositions of the dimethomorph formulation containing fatty alcohol ethoxylate surfactants as an activator adjuvant and recommend the good management way of the formulations to allow an intended uptake rate, factors affecting foliar uptake of active ingredients into cucumber were investigated and compared each other. Among tested, the most important factors were air temperature in which plants were located after spraying of aqueous formulations containing activator adjuvant, and deposit of wax on the leaf surface of cucumber. Dimethomorph uptake was found to be increased by sunlight. When aqueous formulations had long-polyethoxylated fatty alcohol surfactants, the relative humidity of the room in which the plants were located after spraying with the formulations did not severely influence the foliar uptake. Maintaining a mild temperature and avoiding too strong sunlight after spraying with dimethomorph formulations were found to be resonable management strategies.

침투성 증진을 목적으로 계면활성제가 첨가된 dimethomorph 제제를 살포하였을 때 오이 엽면 침투성에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 요인들을 조사하고 비교 평가함으로써 실용적인 견지에서 각 요인을 고려한 dimethomorph의 제제와 이의 사용 방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 시험한 모든 환경요인과 식물요인 중 dimethomorph의 침투성에 가장 크게 영향을 미치는 요인은 약제를 살포한 후의 온도와, 오이 재배시 채광량과 습도 등의 인자를 반영하는 오이 잎의 왁스량이었다. 약제 살포 후 채광이 양호한 경우 침투성이 증가하였으며, 수화제나 친수기 polyoxyethylene의 길이가 긴 비이온성 계면활성제를 함유하는 아세톤 수용액과 같은 가용화 제제가 습도 변화에 안전하였다. 오이 품종에 따른 dimethomorph의 엽면 침투성 변화는 그리 크지 않았다. 이와 같은 연구 결과를 고려할 때 침투성이 증진된 dimethomorph 제제는 polyoxyethylene의 길이가 긴 비이온성 계면활성제를 함유하는 수화제가 가장 적합하였다. 또한 이러한 제제는 살포 후 온도를 적당하게 유지하고, 너무 강한 햇빛을 피하게 하는 것이 합리적인 사용방법이 될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Baker, E. A. (1980) Effect of cuticular components on foliar penetration. Pestic. Sci. 11:367-370 https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.2780110312
  2. Bauer, H. and J. Schonherr (1992) Determination of mobilities of organic compounds in plant cuticles and correlation with molar volumes. Pestic. Sci. 35:1-11 https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.2780350102
  3. Cho, K. Y., J. H. Yu, H. K. Lim, G. J. Choi and J. H. Kim (1999) Composition and Method for Measuring the Foliar Uptake of Agrochemicals. Patent KR-0314600
  4. Grayson, B. T., J. D. Webb, D. M. Batten and D. Edwards (1996a) Effect of adjuvants on the therapeutic activity of dimethomorph in controlling vine downy mildew. I. Survey of adjuvant types. Pestic. Sci. 46:199-206 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199603)46:3<199::AID-PS334>3.0.CO;2-N
  5. Grayson, B. T., S. L. Boyd and D. Walter (1996b) Effect of adjuvants on the therapeutic activity of dimethomorph in controlling vine downy mildew. II. Adjuvant mixtures, outdoor-hardened vines and one-pack formulations. Pestic. Sci. 46:207-213 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199603)46:3<207::AID-PS335>3.0.CO;2-B
  6. Grayson, B. T., D. M. Batten and D. Walter, (1996c) Adjuvant effects on the therapeutic control of potato late blight by dimethomorph wettable powder formulations. Pestic. Sci. 46:355-359 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199604)46:4<355::AID-PS364>3.0.CO;2-U
  7. Holloway, P. J. and D. Stock (1990) In Industrial Applications of Surfactants II (ed. D. R. Karsa), Special Publication No. 77, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, pp. 303-337
  8. Kerler, F. and J. Schonherr (1988) Permeation of lipophilic chemicals across plant cuticles: Prediction from octanol/water partition coefficients and molecular volumes. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 17:7-12 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01055147
  9. Kirkwood, R. C. (1991) In Target sites for Herbicide Action (ed. R. C. Kirkwood), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 219-243
  10. O'Leary, A. L. and A. L. Jones (1987) Factors influencing the uptake of fenarimol and flusilazol by apple leaves. Phytopathology 77:1564 https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-77-1564
  11. Schonherr, J. and P. Baur (1994) Modelling penetration of plant cuticles by crop protection agents and effects of adjuvants on their rates of penetration. Pestic. Sci. 42:185-208 https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.2780420308
  12. Schreiber, L., M. Riederer, and K. Schorn (1996) Mobilities of organic compounds in reconstituted cuticular wax of barley leaves: Effects of monodisperse alcohol ethoxylates on diffusion of pentachlorophenol and tetracosanoic acid. Pestic. Sci. 48:117-124 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199610)48:2<117::AID-PS448>3.0.CO;2-3
  13. Stevens, P. J. G. and M. J. Bukovac (1987) Studies on octylphenoxy surfactants. Part 2: Effects on foliar uptake and translocation. Pestic. Sci. 20:37-52 https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.2780200104
  14. Stock, D., B. M. Edgerton, R. E. Gaskin and P. J. Holloway (1992) Surfactant-inhanced foliar uptake of some organic compounds: Interractions with two model polyoxyethylene alipatic alcohols. Pestic. Sci. 34:233-242 https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.2780340308
  15. Stock, D. and P. J. Holloway (1993) Possible mechanisms for surfactant-induced foliar uptake of agrochemicals. Pestic. Sci. 38:165-177 https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.2780380211
  16. Tomlin, C. D. S. (2000) In 'The Pesticide Manual' Twelfth Ed., British Crop Protection Council, Surrey, UK
  17. Yu, J. H., G. J. Choi, H. K. Lim, J. H. Kim and K. Y. Cho (2001) Influence of surfactants on foliar uptake of dimethomorph into cucumber plant and fungicidal activity against cucumber downy mildew. J. Korean Soc. Agric. Chem. Biotechnol. 44:109-115
  18. Yu, J. H., K. Y. Cho and J. H. Kim (2000) Review of the study on the surfactant-induced foliar uptake of pesticide. The Korean journal of Pesticide Science 6:16-24