Determination and Monitoring of Grayanotoxins in Honey Using LC-MS/MS

LC-MS/MS를 이용한 벌꿀 중 grayanotoxin 분석법 연구 및 실태조사

  • Lee, Sook-Yeon (Food & Risk Standardization Team, Korean Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Choi, Youn-Ju (Food & Risk Standardization Team, Korean Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Lee, Kang-Bong (Food & Risk Standardization Team, Korean Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Cho, Tae-Yong (Food & Risk Standardization Team, Korean Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Sook (Food & Risk Standardization Team, Korean Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Son, Young-Wook (Food & Risk Standardization Team, Korean Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Park, Jae-Seok (Food & Risk Standardization Team, Korean Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Im, Sung-Im (Food & Risk Standardization Team, Korean Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Choi, Hee-Jung (Food & Risk Standardization Team, Korean Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Ha (Food & Risk Standardization Team, Korean Food and Drug Administration)
  • 이숙연 (식품의약품안전청 유해물질관리단 위해기준팀) ;
  • 최윤주 (식품의약품안전청 유해물질관리단 위해기준팀) ;
  • 이강봉 (식품의약품안전청 유해물질관리단 위해기준팀) ;
  • 조태용 (식품의약품안전청 유해물질관리단 위해기준팀) ;
  • 김진숙 (식품의약품안전청 유해물질관리단 위해기준팀) ;
  • 손영욱 (식품의약품안전청 유해물질관리단 위해기준팀) ;
  • 박재석 (식품의약품안전청 유해물질관리단 위해기준팀) ;
  • 임성임 (식품의약품안전청 유해물질관리단 위해기준팀) ;
  • 최희정 (식품의약품안전청 유해물질관리단 위해기준팀) ;
  • 이동하 (식품의약품안전청 유해물질관리단 위해기준팀)
  • Published : 2008.02.28

Abstract

This study was performed to establish analysis methods, and evaluated for grayanotoxin in domestic/foreign honey and wild honey. The molecular weight of grayanotoxins I, II and III, excluding grayanotoxin III that has been commercialized, were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Then, the molecular structure of grayanotoxins I and II were analyzed by NMR. A total 111 samples (25 Korean honey, 21 Korean wild honey, 13 Korean honeycomb honey, 44 foreign honey, 8 foreign wild honey) were examined to determined whether or not each sample contained grayanotoxins I, II, and III. The honey samples were mixed with methanol and loaded into a tC18 cartridge, the filtrate was diluted with water, and the mixture was then analyzed by ESI triple-quadrupole LC-MS/MS. Grayanotoxins were only found in the foreign wild honey and were not detected in Korean honey, Korean honeycomb honey, or Korean wild honey. Three of the samples contained grayanotoxin I, II, and III, and one sample contained only grayanotoxins I and III. The lowest level for grayanotoxin I was 3.13 ${\pm}$ 0.00 mg/kg, and the highest level was 12.93 ${\pm}$ 0.01 mg/kg. The levels of grayanotoxin II were 0.84 ${\pm}$ 0.01 mg/kg, 0.92 ${\pm}$ 0.00 mg/kg and 1.08 ${\pm}$ 0.01 mg/kg, respectively. The lowest level of grayanotoxin III was 0.25 ${\pm}$ 0.01 mg/kg and the highest level was 3.29 ${\pm}$ 0.74 mg/kg. Through this study, safety management for foreign wild honey has been enabled.

본 연구는 야생꿀을 비롯한 벌꿀, 벌집채꿀 등 국내산 및 수입산 꿀의 안전관리를 위한 grayanotoxin(GTX)의 시험분석법 확립 및 실태조사를 위하여 수행하였다. GTX 표준품 I, II, III는 LC-MS/MS로 분자량을 확인한 후, 시판품인 III를 제외한 I과 II는 NMR을 이용하여 구조를 확인하였다. 총 111건(국내산 벌꿀25건, 국내산 야생꿀 21건, 벌집채꿀 13건, 수입산 벌꿀 44건, 수입산 야생꿀 8건)의 벌꿀시료는 메탄올을 사용하여 벌꿀-메탄올 용액을 만들어 tC18 cartridge에 loading 한 후, 여과된 액을 동량의 증류수로 희석하여, 이온화장치로 ESI를 장착한 triplequadrupole LC-MS/MS를 이용하여 분석하였다. LC의 용리액은 1% 포름산이 첨가된 "메탄올-물"을 사용하는 것이 10분 이내의 분석시간대에 나타나는 피크의 모양과 감도가 우수한 경향을 나타내었다. 본 방법을 이용하여 검체 중의 GTX I, II, III의 함유량을 조사한 결과 총 111건 중 수입산 야생꿀 3건(2.7%)에서 GTX I, II, III가 검출되었고, 수입산 야생꿀 1건에서 GTX I, III가 검출되었다. GTX I의 검출량은 최소 $3.13{\pm}0.00mg/kg$에서 최고 $12.93{\pm}0.01mg/kg$으로 나타났고 GTX II는 $0.84{\pm}0.01mg/kg$, $0.92{\pm}0.00mg/kg$, $1.08{\pm}0.01mg/kg$의 함량을 나타내어 GTX I 에 비해 낮은 수치를 나타내었다. GTX III는 최소 $0.25{\pm}0.01mg/kg$에서 최고 $3.29{\pm}0.74mg/kg$으로 함량에 큰 차이를 보였다. 본 방법을 이용한 총 111건의 벌꿀 시료의 GTX분석시 수입산 야생꿀 4건에서만 GTX가 검출됨을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 비 휘발성 또는 극성 때문에 GTX 분석시 GC 및 GC-MS에서 분석이 어려운 벌꿀시료를 대상으로 전처리 시간의 단축을 모색함과 동시에 LC-MS/MS를 이용한 시험분석법을 개발할 수 있었고, 모니터링을 통하여 네팔, 터키 등 특정 지역의 야생꿀의 섭취를 제한하는 과학적 근거를 마련할 수 있었다.

Keywords

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