Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회지)

Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회)
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Analysis of Nutrient Cycling Structure of a Korean Beef Cattle Farm Combined with Cropping as Affected by Bedding Material Types

깔개물질의 종류에 따른 한우-경종 결합 농가의 양분순환 구조 분석

  • Lim, Sang-Sun (Department of Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kwak, Jin-Hyeob (Department of Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Park, Hyun-Jung (Department of Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Sun-Il (Department of Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Suk (Department of Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Soon (Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension) ;
  • Yun, Bong-Ki (Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension) ;
  • Kim, Sun-Woo (Youngam Agricultural Technology & Extension Center) ;
  • Choi, Woo-Jung (Department of Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Chonnam National University)
  • 임상선 (전남대학교 농업과학기술연구소 생물산업공학과) ;
  • 곽진협 (전남대학교 농업과학기술연구소 생물산업공학과) ;
  • 박현정 (전남대학교 농업과학기술연구소 생물산업공학과) ;
  • 이선일 (전남대학교 농업과학기술연구소 생물산업공학과) ;
  • 이동석 (전남대학교 농업과학기술연구소 생물산업공학과) ;
  • 김용순 (전남농업기술원) ;
  • 윤봉기 (전남농업기술원) ;
  • 김선우 (영암농업기술센터) ;
  • 최우정 (전남대학교 농업과학기술연구소 생물산업공학과)
  • Received : 2008.08.20
  • Accepted : 2008.10.05
  • Published : 2008.10.30
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Abstract

In this study, we analyzed nutrient cycling structure of a small farm (cattle of 100 heads and arable lands of 2.5 ha) in Jeonnam province to investigate the effects of nutrients input by the addition of bedding materials (sawdust and rice hull) and nutrients loss before the application to the soils (the period during manure storage in the feedlot and composting process) on nutrient cycling structure. Sawdust and rice hull added as bedding materials increased N by 1.6% and 14.2% and $P_2O_5$ by 3.1% and 27.4%, respectively, relative to the amount of nutrients produced by excretion. This result suggests that the addition of nutrients via bedding materials should be considered for better estimation of nutrient balance. The most significant characteristics of the nutrient cycling structure was loss of mass and nutrients during the storage (21 days) and composting period (90 days). During this period, 78.4% of N and 9.5% of $P_2O_5$ was lost from sawdust compost; meanwhile, the percentages of loss for rice hull compost were 81.6% and 10.3%, respectively. A lower percentage of nutrients loss in sawdust compost than that in rice hull compost was attributed to the relatively slow decomposition rate of organic materials in the sawdust compost which has higher C/N ratio and lignin contents. Therefore, it was concluded that estimation of nutrient balance should be conducted based on nutrient contents in the final compost being applied to the lands rather than the amount of nutrients contained in the livestock excretion. In addition, the effects of bedding materials on nutrient losses should be also taken into account.

본 연구에서는 깔개물질에 의한 양분 유입 및 축사 내 분뇨 방치 및 퇴비화 과정 중 발생하는 양분손실이 양분순환에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 전남 지역 한우 농가(사육두수 100두, 경지 면적 2.5 ha)를 대상으로 사료$\rightarrow$ 가축 $\rightarrow$ 분뇨 $\rightarrow$ 퇴비 $\rightarrow$ 토양 $\rightarrow$ 사료의 양분순환구조를 분석하였다. 분뇨에 의해 발생한 질소와 인산을 기준으로 비교했을 때, 톱밥을 깔개물질로 사용할 경우 질소 1.6%, 인산 3.1%, 왕겨의 경우 질소의 14.2%와 인산 27.4%가 추가로 공급 되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 양분수지 또는 양분순 환구조 분석에서 깔개물질의 종류와 사용량도 고려할 필요가 있다. 양분순환구조의 가장 큰 특징은 우사내 분뇨의 야적기간(21일)과 퇴비화 기간(90일) 동안에 발생하는 물질과 양분의 손실이었다. 톱밥퇴비의 경우 이 기간 동안 질소의 78.4%, 인산의 9.5%가 손실되었으며, 왕겨퇴비의 경우 각각의 손실률은 81.6%와 10.3%였다. 톱밥 퇴비의 물질 및 양분 손실률이 낮은 것은 톱밥의 C/N 비와 난분해성인 리그닌 함량이 높아서 유기물 분해가 상대적으로 느리게 일어났기 때문으로 판단되었다. 기존의 양분수지 연구는 대부분 분뇨 발생 시점의 양분함량을 기준으로 계산하였지만, 본 연구의 결과에 의하면 분뇨 발생 이후부터 농 경지 시용 이전까지 발생하는 양분손실과 이에 영향 을 미치는 깔개 물질의 특성을 고려하여야만 정확한 양분수지 구명이 가능한 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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