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Cultivation of Oyster Mushroom[Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Fr.) Kummer] at Medium with Ca(OH)2 Treatment

수산화칼슘[Ca(OH)2] 처리 배지를 이용한 느타리버섯의 재배

  • Baek, Seung-Hwa (Dept. of Biofood Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk Provincial University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Yeong-Il (Division of Bio-environmental Science, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Yoo, Ki-Yong (Division of Bio-environmental Science, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Han, Seong-Soo (Division of Bio-environmental Science, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Wonkwang University)
  • 백승화 (충북도립대학 바이오식품생명과학과) ;
  • 이영일 (원광대학교 생명자원과학대학 생명환경학부) ;
  • 유기용 (원광대학교 생명자원과학대학 생명환경학부) ;
  • 한성수 (원광대학교 생명자원과학대학 생명환경학부)
  • Published : 2008.12.31

Abstract

This research is aimed to investigate the cultivation method of oyster mushroom[Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Fr.) Kummer] at the non-sterilized medium with $Ca(OH)_2$ treatment. Therefore, experiments were carried out to develop non-sterilization method of medium by addition of $Ca(OH)_2$ for omission of heat sterilization progress of medium. General components, minerals and amino acid in Jiri wild type No. 1 (Pleurotus ostreatus) and production cost were analyzed. For the purpose of omission of heat sterilization progress, treatment ratio of $Ca(OH)_2$ (purity 95%) was 5%(w/w) of dry medium. Initial pH of this medium was 11 and then the pH was changed by 9 after the uniform mixing of the medium for half an hour. The various germs occurred 50% and 100% at pH 8 and pH 7 of the non-sterilized medium, respectively. Production of oyster mushroom increased by $2,030\;ton\;ha^{-1}$ when the main raw material used corn pith instead of waste cotton. The time required of mycelium culture was 30 days when hypha was cultured at the non-sterilized medium, and pinhead occurred when 2 or 3 days was passed after the time required of mycelium culture. Occurrence of pinhead was most rapid at the condition of $22{\sim}26^{\circ}C$, 65% humidity and pH $6.5{\sim}7.0$ and required of $22{\sim}28$ days at $70{\sim}80\;mm$ thickness of non-sterilized medium. Ca content in 1st harvest oyster mushroom was higher than that in 2nd harvest one, and its difference was $30.3\;mg\;kg^{-1}$. Amino acid content by stipe thickness of oyster mushroom was ranged from 411.2 to $343.9\;mg\;kg^{-1}$ both in a pileus and a stipe of 1st harvest mushroom, and from 402.4 to $498.2\;mg\;kg^{-1}$ and from 442.6 to $470.4\;mg\;kg^{-1}$ in those of 2nd harvest one, respectively. The results of the present study suggest that the non-sterilization medium by addition of $Ca(OH)_2$ is usable with the cultivation of oyster mushroom.

본 연구는 느타리버섯 재배에 있어 필수공정인 살균공정을 생략하기 위하여 $Ca(OH)_2$를 처리한 배지(이하 무살균 배지라 칭 함)의 주원료와 두께를 달리하여 지리산 야생주 No.1의 종균을 접종한 후 균사의 활착, 잡균의 오염 수준, 균이 (원기)발생 소요일, 수확일을 조사한 결과와 수확된 느타리버섯의 일반성분, 무기물과 아미노산을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 가열살균공정을 생략하기 위한 $Ca(OH)_2$[순도95%]의 처리수준은 건배지의 5%(w/w)이었고, 처리초기의 pH는 11이었으며 균일하게 30분간 혼화시키면 pH 9가 되었다. 무살균배지의 pH가 8과 7일 때 잡균이 각각 50%와 100% 발생되었다. 무살균 배지의 주원료가 폐면보다 옥수수 속대를 사용할 때 느타리버섯의 생산량이 $2,030\;ton\;ha^{-1}$까지 증대되었다. 무살균 배지에 균사를 배양시 균사체 배양종료일은 30일이었고, 그로부터 $2{\sim}3$일이 경과되면 균이가 발생되었다. 무살균 배지의 두께를 $70{\sim}80\;mm$로 치상하고, 온도 $22{\sim}26^{\circ}C$, 배지습도 65%, 배지의 pH $6.5{\sim}7.0$ 조건일 때 균이 발생이 가장 빨라 $22{\sim}28$일이 소요되었고, 배지두께가 두꺼울 수록균이 발생은 지연되나 느타리버섯 수량은 증가하였다. 무살균배지에서 수확한 버섯의 Ca 함량은 1차 수확 버섯이 2차 수확 버섯보다 $30.3\;mg\;kg^{-1}$이 더 많았다. 느타리버섯 자루의 굵기에 따른 아미노산 함량은 1차 수확 버섯의 갓과 자루에서 각각 $498.2{\sim}498.8\;mg\;kg^{-1}$$411.16{\sim}343.9\;mg\;kg^{-1}$이었고, 2차 수확 버섯의 갓과 자루에서 각각 $402.37{\sim}498.2\;mg\;kg^{-1}$$442.6{\sim}470.4\;mg\;kg^{-1}$ 범위이었다. 이상의 결과는 느타리버섯 재배를 할 때 $Ca(OH)_2$ 처리에 의한 무살균배지의 이용할 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.

Keywords

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