Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology (한국축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Supplementation of Ruminally Protected Amino Acids on In vitro Ruminal Parameters and Milk Yield and Milk Composition of Dairy Cows in Mid-lactation

보호아미노산의 추가 공급이 반추위 발효성상 및 비유중기 착유우의 유량 및 유성분에 미치는 영향

  • Published : 2008.04.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of ruminally protected amino acids (Methionine and Lysine) on in vitro ruminal parameters, and in vivo milk yield and milk composition in mid-lactating cows. In the first in vitro experiment, there were no statistical significances between treatments in ruminal pH and dry matter digestibility during various incubation times. In the second in vivo experiment, milk yield decreased by 11.92% in control and 5.68% in the treatment respectively, but decrease rate of milk yield in the treatment was lower than control. Milk yields naturally decreased as time goes by since the DIMs(Days in milk) of the cows in experiment were in mid-lactation period. 4% FCM(Fat corrected milk) and milk protein yields also, respectively, decreased by 11.25% and 11.09% in control and 6.16% and 5.47% in the treatment as compared with the intial. Milk protein and milk fat production were higher in the treatment(0.90kg, 1.10kg) than those of control(0.66kg, 0.79kg). Milk fat content significantly increased with supplementing protected amino acids as compared to control(P<0.05). From the above results, protected amino acids were positively utilized in the performances of mid-lactating cows without inhibiting rumen fermentation. Further investigation is suggested for essential amino acid composition and intestinal digestion rate out of rumen bypass protein in dietary protein to be estimated.

본 연구는 보호아미노산 추가 공급이 비유중기 착유우의 반추위 발효 성상 및 유생산량과 유성분 등의 생산성 변화를 알아보기 위하여 in vitro 시험과 in vivo 시험을 각각 실시하였다. In vitro 시험은 각각 4g의 공시사료를 이용하였으며, 처리구에는 보호라이신(PRLys, 2.71 %)과 보호메치오닌(PRMet, 0.90%)을 3:1로 혼합하여 첨가한 후 48시간동안 배양한 후 처리구와 대조구의 pH와 건물소화율을 확인하였다. 또한 In vivo 시험은 3:1로 혼합한 보호라이신 (PRLys, 2.71%)과 보호메치오닌(PRMet, 0.90%) 100g을 1일 2회로 나누어 비유 중기 착유우에 오전과 오후 착유 시 정량급여 한 후 생산되는 우유의 양 그리고 유성분의 변화를 조사하였다. 아미노산의 추가 급여로 인한 in vitro 반추위 pH와 건물소화율은 배양시간이 경과함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타냈으나 대조구에 비하여 유의성은 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구에서 사용된 보호아미노산은 반추위 미생물의 건물분해 능력 등 반추위 발효성상에 악 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 판단된다. 비유중기 착유우에 보호아미노산 급여기간에 따른 유생산량은 시간이 지남에 따라 대조구와 처리구에서 모두 감소하는 경향을 보였으나, 이는 시험기간이 경과함에 따른 착유일수 증가로 인한 자연감소로 보여지며, 대조구에서 보다 처리구에서의 유량감소율이 적었다. 4% FCM과 유단백생성량은 대조구에서 각각 11.25%, 11.09% 그리고 처리구에서 6.16%, 5.47%의 감소를 나타내어 대조구보다 처리구에서 감소 비율이 낮았다. 보호아미노산 첨가 시 우유중 지방생성량은 대조구(0.79kg)에 비하여 처리구(1.10kg)에서 유의한 차이를 나타내었다(P<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 in vitro의 경우 보호아미노산 첨가시 반추위 내 발효성상에 문제가 없었고, 비유중기 착유우를 대상으로 한 in vivo 시험에서는 처리구에서 산유량 및 유성분의 감소가 대조구보다 적었으며 이는 고능력우의 비유중기 시기에 보호아미노산을 급여할 경우 산유량 및 유성분의 감소비율을 효과적으로 개선시킬 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. A.O.A.C. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis(15th ed.) Association of Official Agricutural Chemists Washington, D. C. 13th ed
  2. ARC. 1980. The Nutrient Requirements of Ruminant Livestock. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough, England
  3. Canale, C. J., Muller, L. D., McCahon, H. A., Whitsel, T. J., Varge, G. A. and Lormore, M. J. 1990. Dietary fat and ruminally protected amino acids for high producing dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 73:135 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(90)78656-0
  4. Chalupa, W. 1974. Rumen bypass and protection of proteins and ruminants. U. S. Patent 3,619,200
  5. Chapoutot, P., Schmidely, P. and Sauvant, D. 1992. Influence of a ruminally protected blend of methionine and lysine on the dairy cow nutrion and production. J. Dairy Sci.(suppl. 1):199(abstr.)
  6. Donkin, S. S., Varga, G. A., Sweeney, T. F. and Muller, L. D. 1989. Rumen-protected methionine and lysine : Effects on animal performance, milk protein yield and physiological measures. J. Dairy Sci. 72:1484 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(89)79258-4
  7. Folman, Y., Neumark, H., Kaim, M. and Kauf- mann, W. 1981. Rerformance, rumen and blood metabolites in high-yielding cows fed varying protein percent, and protected soybean. J. Dairy Sci. 64:59
  8. Gaines, W. L. and Davidson, F. A. 1923. Relation between percentage fat content and yield of milk. Correction of milk yeild for fat content. Illinois Agr. Expt. Sta. Bull. No. 245
  9. Goering, H. K. and Van Soest, P. J. 1970. Forage fiber analysis(apparatus, reagents, procedure and application). Agric. Handbook 379. ARS. Washington D. C.
  10. Hof, G., Vervorn, M. D., Lenaers, P. J. and Tarnminga. S. 1997. Milk urea nitrogen as a tool to moniter the protein nutrition of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 80:333
  11. Hogan, J. P. 1975. Quntitative aspects of nitrogen utilization in ruminants. J. Dairy Sci. 58:1164-1177 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(75)84695-9
  12. Illg, D. J., Sommerfeldt, J. L. and Schingoche, D. J. 1987. Lactational and systemic responses to the supplementation of protected methionine in soybean meal diets. J. Dairy Sci. 70:620 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(87)80050-4
  13. McDougall, E. J. 1948. Studies of ruminant saliva. 1. The composition of output of sheep's saliva. Biochem. J. 43, 99-109 https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0430099
  14. Moore, J. E. 1970. Procedure for two-stage in vitro digestion of forage. In L. E. Harrison(ed.). Nutrition research technique for domestic and animals. J. Brit. Grassl. Sci. 18:119
  15. NRC. 2001. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. Seventh Revised Edition
  16. Oldham, J. D. 1981. Amino acid requirements for lactation in high-yielding dairy cows. In: Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition. W. Haresign, ed. Butterworths, London, Engl. pp. 33
  17. Oltner, R. and Wiktorsson, H. 1983. Urea concen- trations in milk and blood as influenced feeding varying amounts of protein and energy of dairy cows. Live. Prod Sci. 10:457 https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-6226(83)90073-8
  18. Robinson, P. H., Chalapa, W., Julien, W., Sato, K., Suzuki, H. and McQueen, R. E. 1992. Supplemental rumen-protected amino acids for early lactation dairy cattle. J. Dairy. Sci. (suppl. 1):199(abstr)
  19. Rogers, J. A., Peirce-Sander, S. B. and Papas, A. M. 1989. Production responses of dairy cows fed various amounts of rumen-protected methionine and lysine. J. Dairy. Sci. 72:1800 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(89)79297-3
  20. Roseler, D. K., Feruson. J. D. Sniffen, C. J. and Herrema. J. 1993. Dietary protein degradability effect on plasma and milk urea nitrogen and milk nonprotein nitrogen in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 76:525 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(93)77372-5
  21. SAS User's Guide:Statistics, Version 6.12 Edition. 1996. SAS Inst.., Inc., Cary., NC
  22. Schwab, C. G., Bozak, C. K., Whitehouse, N. L. and Olsin, V. M. 1989. Extent of lysine limitation in mid lactation cows fed a corn-based ration. J. Dairy. Sci. 72(Suppl. 1):506(abstr.)
  23. Schwab, C. G., Satter, L. D. and Clay, A. B. 1976. Response of lactating dairy cows to abomasal infusion of amino acids. J. Dairy Sci. 59:1254 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(76)84354-8
  24. Sloan, B. K., Robert, J. C. and Mathe, J. 1989. Influence of dietary crude protein of cocconut plus or minus inclusion or rumen-protected amino acids(RAA) on the early lactation performance of heifers. J. Dairy Sci. 72(suppl. 1):506(abstr.)
  25. Tilly, J. M. A. and Terry, R. A. 1963. A two stage technique for in vitro digestion of forage crop. J. Brit. Brit. Grass. Soc. 18:104-111 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1963.tb00335.x
  26. Van Soest, P. V. 1982. Carbohydrate In: Nutritional ecology of the ruminants. pp. 106-108. O and Books, INC., Corrallis. OR. USA
  27. Wright, M. D. and Loerch, S. C. 1988. Effects of rumen-protected amino acids on ruminant nitrogen balance, plasma amino acid concentrations and performance. J. Anim. Sci. 66:2014 https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1988.6682014x
  28. 문진산, 주이석, 장금찬, 윤용덕, 이보균, 박용호, 손창호. 2000. 우유 중 단백질과 요소태질소 분석에 의한 젖소의 에너지 및 단백질 균형상태 평가에 관한 연구. 한국동물자원과학회지 42(4): 499

Cited by

  1. In vitro and Lactation Responses in Mid-lactating Dairy Cows Fed Protected Amino Acids and Fat vol.27, pp.12, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2014.14089