Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Supplementation with Selenium and Vitamin E Improves Milk Fat Depression and Fatty Acid Composition in Dairy Cows Fed Fat Diet

  • Liu, Zhao L. (School of Pharmacy Science, Sun Yat-Sen University) ;
  • Yang, De P. (School of Pharmacy Science, Sun Yat-Sen University) ;
  • Chen, Pu (School of Pharmacy Science, Sun Yat-Sen University) ;
  • Dong, Wei X. (School of Pharmacy Science, Sun Yat-Sen University) ;
  • Wang, Dong M. (School of Pharmacy Science, Sun Yat-Sen University)
  • Received : 2007.10.27
  • Accepted : 2008.01.30
  • Published : 2008.06.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing a fat diet with selenium (Se) and vitamin E on performance of cows, blood antioxidant status and milk fatty acid composition. Sixty-three lactating Holstein cows were randomly divided into seven groups of nine cows each and each group was fed one of the following diets: i) a basal diet (control); ii) a basal diet with 0.15 mg Se/kg DM (LSe); iii) a basal diet with 0.3 mg Se/kg DM (HSe); iv) a basal diet with 5,000 IU/cow d vitamin E (LVE); v) a basal diet with 10,000 IU/cow d vitamin E (HVE); vi) a basal diet with 0.15 mg Se/kg DM and 5,000 IU/cow d vitamin E (LSeVE); vii) a basal diet with 0.3 mg Se/kg DM and 10,000 IU/cow d vitamin E (HSeVE). Milk fat percentage and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) yield in HVE and HSeVE diets increased (p<0.05) compared with the control diet. In milk fat, dietary supplementation of Se tended to increase the proportion of the sum of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and significantly decreased (p<0.05) the proportion of the sum of saturated fatty acids (SFA). In addition, compared with the control, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content was lower and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was higher when fat diets were supplemented with Se. Our data showed that supplementation with Se and/or VE improved these nutrients in blood and milk. The results indicated that fat diets supplemented with Se improved both antioxidant status in blood and fatty acids in milk fat, and fat diets supplemented with vitamin E alleviated milk fat depression. Therefore, the combination of Se and vitamin E caused synergistic effects on the nutritional quality of milk fat and performance of cows fed a fat diet.

Keywords

References

  1. AOAC. 1990. Official methods of analysis. Vol. I, 15th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA.
  2. Baldi, A., G. Savoini, L. Pinotti, E. Monfardini, F. Cheli and V. D. Orto. 2000. Effects of vitamin E and different energy sources on vitamin E status, milk quality and reproduction in transition cows. J. Vet. Med. A. 47:599-608. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0442.2000.00323.x
  3. Bauman, D. E., B. A. Corl, L. H. Baumgard and J. M. Griinari. 2001. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and the dairy cow. Nottingham University Press. pp. 221-250.
  4. Barja, G., S. Cadenas, C. Rojas, R. P. ez-Campo, M. L. ez-Torres, J. Prat and R. Pamplona. 1996. Effect of dietary vitamin E levels on fatty acid profiles and nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation in the guinea pig liver. Lipids. 31:963-970. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02522690
  5. Bell, J. A., J. M. Griinari and J. J. Kennelly. 2006. Effect of safflower oil, flaxseed oil, monensin, and vitamin E on concentration of conjugated linoleic acid in bovine milk fat. J. Dairy Sci. 89:733-748. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72135-X
  6. Bendich, A. 1990. Antioxidant micronutrients and immune responses. Ann. NY. Acad. Sci. 587:168-180. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb00144.x
  7. Chen, P., P. Ji and S. L. Li. 2008. Effects of feeding extruded soybean, ground canola seed and whole cottonseed on ruminal fermentation, performance and milk fatty acid profile in early lactation dairy cows. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 21:204-213. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2008.70079
  8. Chichlowski, M. W., J. W. Schroeder, C. S. Park, W. L. Keller and D. E. Schimek. 2005. Altering the fatty acids in milk fat by including canola seed in dairy cattle diets. J. Dairy Sci. 88:3084-3094. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72990-8
  9. Christie, W. W. 1982. A simple procedure for rapid transmethylation of glycerolipids and cholesteryl esters. J. Lipid Res. 23:1072-1075.
  10. Clement, M. and J. M. Bourre. 1993. Alteration of brain and liver microsomal polyunsaturated fatty acids following dietary vitamin E deficiency. Neurosci. Lett. 164:163-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(93)90882-L
  11. Czauderna, M., J. Kowalczyk, K. M. Niedzwiedzka, Wa, hook, I. Sowska and B. Pastuszewska. 2004. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content and fatty acids composition of muscle in rats fed isomers of CLA and selenium. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 13:183-196.
  12. Deeth, H. C. 1997. The role of phospholipids in the stability of milk fat globules. Aust. J. Dairy Technol. 52:44-46.
  13. Dodge, M. L., R. C. Wander, J. A. Butler, S. H. Du, C. D. Thomson and P. D. Whanger. 1999. Selenium supplementation increases the polyunsaturated fatty acid content of human breast milk. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 12:37-44. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-670X(1999)12:1<37::AID-JTRA4>3.0.CO;2-H
  14. Erskine, R. J. 1993. Nutrition and mastitis. In: The veterinary clinics of north America (Ed. K. L. Andersen). Food Animal Practice. p. 551.
  15. FAO/WHO (Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization). 1998. General conclusions and recommendations of the consultation. Expert consultation on fats and oils in human nutrition. pp. 3-9.
  16. Fatahnia, F., A. Nikkhah, M. J. Zamiri and D. Kahrizi. 2008. Effect of dietary fish oil and soybean oil on milk production and composition of Holstein cows in early lactation. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 21:386-391. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2008.60494
  17. Givens, D. I., R. Allison, B. Cottrill and J. S. Blake. 2004. Enhancing the selenium content of bovine milk through alteration of the form and concentration of selenium in the diet of the dairy cow. J. Sci. Food Agric. 84:811-817. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1737
  18. Hara, A. and N. S. Radin. 1978. Lipid extraction of tissues with a low-toxicity solvent. Anal. Biochem. 90:420-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(78)90046-5
  19. Hogan, J. S., K. L. Smith, W. P. Weiss, D. A. Todhunter and W. L. Schockey. 1990. Relationships among vitamin E, selenium, and bovine blood neutrophils. J. Dairy Sci. 73:2372-2378. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(90)78920-5
  20. Hogan, J. S., W. P. Weiss, K. L. Smith, L. M. Sordillo and S. N. Williams. 1996. $\alpha$-Tocopherol concentrations in milk and plasma during clinical escherichia coli Mastitis. J. Dairy Sci. 79:71-75. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(96)76335-X
  21. Huang, H. Y., L. J. Appel, K. D. Croft, E. R. Miller Iii, T. A. Mori and I. B. Puddey. 2002. Effects of vitamin C and vitamin E on in vivo lipid peroxidation: results of a randomized controlled trial. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 76:549-555. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/76.3.549
  22. Kay, J. K., J. R. Roche, E. S. Kolver, N. A. Thomson and L. H. Baumgard. 2005. A comparison between feeding systems (pasture and TMR) and the effect of vitamin E supplementation on plasma and milk fatty acid profiles in dairy cows. J. Dairy Res. 72:322-332. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029905000944
  23. Kim, H. S., J. M. Lee, S. B. Park, S. G. Jeong, J. K. Jung and K. S. Im. 1997. Effect of vitamin E and selenium administration on the reproductive performance in dairy cows. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 10:308-312. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.1997.308
  24. Kris-Etherton, P. M. 1997. Individual fatty acid effects on plasma lipids and lipoproteins: human studies. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 65:1628-1644. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/65.5.1628S
  25. Liu, Z. L., P. Chen, J. M. Li, S. B. Lin, D. M. Wang, L. P. Zhu and D. P. Yang. 2008. Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) moderate negative responses of heat-stressed cows. Livest. Sci. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2008.02.002.
  26. Lowry, O. H., N. J. Rosebrough, A. L. Farr and R. J. Rendal. 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193:265-267.
  27. Lyons, M. P., T. T. Papazyan and P. F. Surai. 2007. Selenium in food chain and animal nutrition: Lessons from Nature - Review-. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 20:1135-1155. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2007.1135
  28. National Research Council. 2001. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. 7th rev. ed. National Academy Science Press. Washington, DC.
  29. Ortman, K. and B. Pehrson. 1999. Effect of selenate as a feed supplement to dairy cows in comparison to selenite and selenium yeast. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 77:3365-3370.
  30. Paglia, D. E. and W. N. Valentine. 1967. Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 70:158-169.
  31. Panda, N., H. Kaur and T. K. Mohanty. 2006. Reproductive performance of dairy buffaloes supplemented with varying levels of vitamin E. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 19:19-25.
  32. Pappas, A. C., T. Acamovic, N. H. C. Sparks, P. F. Surai and R. M. McDevitt. 2005. Effects of supplementing broiler breeder diets with organic selenium and polyunsaturated fatty acids on egg quality during storage. Poult. Sci. 84:865-874. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/84.6.865
  33. Pariza, M. W., Y. Park and M. E. Cook. 2001. The biologically active isomers of conjugated linoleic acid. Prog. Lipid. Res. 40:283-298. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-7827(01)00008-X
  34. Pottier, J., M. Focant, C. Debier, G. De Buysser, C. Goffe, E. Mignolet, E. Froidmont and Y. Larondelle. 2006. Effect of dietary vitamin E on rumen biohydrogenation pathways and milk fat depression in dairy cows fed high-fat diets. J. Dairy Sci. 89:685-692. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72131-2
  35. Purushothaman, S., A. Kumar and D. P. Tiwari. 2008. Effect of feeding calcium salts of palm oil fatty acids on performance of lactating crossbred cows. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 21:376-385. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2008.60505
  36. Riccardi, G. and A. Rivellese. 1993. An update on monounsaturated fatty acids. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 4:13-16. https://doi.org/10.1097/00041433-199302000-00003
  37. Sacks, F. M. and M. Katan. 2002. Randomized clinical trials on the effects of dietary fat and carbohydrate on plasma lipoproteins and cardiovascular disease. Am. J. Med. 113:13-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(01)00987-1
  38. Samanta, A. K., R. S. Dass, M. Rawat, S. C. Mishra and U. R. Mehra. 2006. Effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation on serum ${\alpha}$-tocopherol and immune status of crossbred calves. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 19:500-506. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2006.500
  39. Sarrazin, P., A. F. Mustafa, P. Y. Chouinard, G. S. V. Raghavan and S. A. Sotocinal. 2004. Performance of dairy cows fed roasted sunflower seed. J. Sci. Food Agric. 84:1179-1185. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1802
  40. Shinde, P. L., R. S. Dass, A. K. Garg and V. K. Chaturvedi. 2007. Immune response and plasma alpha tocopherol and selenium status of male buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves supplemented with vitamin E and selenium. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 20:1539-1545. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2007.1539
  41. Solomons, T. W. G. and C. B. Fryhle. 2002. Radicals reactions. In: Organic Chemistry, 7th edn
  42. Statistical Analysis Systems. 2001. Statistic's Version 8.2 Edition. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
  43. Sturman, B. T. 1985. Development of a continuous-flow hydride and mercury vapor generation accessory for atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Appl. Spectrosc. 39:48-56. https://doi.org/10.1366/0003702854249196
  44. Tapiero, H., G. N. Ba, P. Couvreur, K. D. Tew, M. Jang, T. Lee and M. Shin. 2002. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and eicosanoids in human health and pathologies. Altern. Med. Rev. 7:427.
  45. Trotta, R. J., S. G. Sullivan and A. Stern. 1982. Lipid peroxidation and hemoglobin degeneration in red blood cells exposed to Tbutyl hydroperoxide. Biochem. J. 204:405-415. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2040405
  46. Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3583-3597. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2

Cited by

  1. Vitamin and trace element supplementation in grazing dairy ewe during the dry season: effect on milk yield, composition, and clotting aptitude vol.43, pp.5, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-011-9789-1
  2. Dietary supplementation with selenium and vitamin E improves milk yield, composition and rheological properties of dairy Jonica goats vol.78, pp.02, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029910000907
  3. Effect of vitamin E on milk composition of grazing dairy cows supplemented with microencapsulated conjugated linoleic acid vol.45, pp.8, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-013-0434-z
  4. Effect of feeding goats with distilled and non-distilled thyme leaves (Thymus zygis subp. gracilis) on milk and cheese properties vol.80, pp.04, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029913000459
  5. Supplementing Vitamin E to the Ration of Beef Cattle Increased the Utilization Efficiency of Dietary Nitrogen vol.29, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.15.0322
  6. Elucidating fish oil-induced milk fat depression in dairy sheep: Milk somatic cell transcriptome analysis vol.7, pp.2045-2322, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep45905
  7. Influence of conjugated linoleic acid and vitamin E on performance, energy metabolism, and change of fat depot mass in transitional dairy cows vol.100, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-11882
  8. Effects of close-up body condition score and selenium-vitamin E injection on lactation performance, blood metabolites, and oxidative status in high-producing dairy cows vol.101, pp.11, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-14196
  9. Effects of Stocking Density on Milk Fatty Acids Composition and Oxidative Stability of Mid- and Late-Lactating Dairy Cows vol.8, pp.9, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani8090148
  10. Effect of Supplemental Selenomethionine on Growth Performance and Serum Antioxidant Status in Taihang Black Goats vol.22, pp.3, 2009, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2009.80474
  11. Effect of feeding goats with rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis spp.) by-product on milk and cheese properties vol.112, pp.1, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.12.002
  12. Impact of vitamin E and selenium on antioxidant capacity and lipid oxidation of cheddar cheese in accelerated ripening vol.17, pp.None, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-018-0735-3
  13. Effect of Feed Selenium-lysine Supplementation on Milk Compositions and Serum Biochemical Indices in Saanen Dairy Goats vol.53, pp.4, 2008, https://doi.org/10.14397/jals.2019.53.4.61
  14. The effects of maternal supplementation of selenium and iodine via slow-release blouses in late pregnancy on milk production of goats and performance of their kids vol.19, pp.1, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051x.2020.1761269
  15. Influence of dietary sesame meal, vitamin E and selenium supplementation on milk production, composition, and fatty acid profile in dairy goats vol.244, pp.None, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2020.104336
  16. Sesame Meal, Vitamin E and Selenium Influence Goats’ Antioxidant Status vol.10, pp.3, 2008, https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10030392
  17. Strategic Supplementation of Antioxidant Micronutrients in Peri-parturient Murrah Buffaloes Helps Augment the Udder Health and Milk Production vol.199, pp.6, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02319-0