Survey on Storage Temperature of Domestic Major Chilled Foods in Refrigerator

우리나라 주요 냉장판매식품의 보관온도 실태 조사

  • Published : 2008.12.31

Abstract

We investigated temperature management for refrigerated foods in large discount markets, department stores, and convenience stores. Eleven stores in the Seoul area were used to examine temperature maintenance for frozen and refrigerated foods, including soybean curds (tofu), fish surimi, mook, wet noodles, kimbab, and salads. The surficial and central temperatures of foods in a refrigerator and a freezer were examined. While the difference between the highest ($7.5^{\circ}C$) and the lowest ($6.4^{\circ}C$) temperature spaces in a refrigerator was $1.1^{\circ}C$, the corresponding difference between the highest ($8.9^{\circ}C$) and lowest ($7.5^{\circ}C$) food surface temperatures was $1.4^{\circ}C$. The average temperatures of both chilled food surfaces and refrigerator spaces were $7^{\circ}C$ (max. $22.9^{\circ}C$) and 8.2 degrees C (in. $-0.4^{\circ}C$), respectively. The temperatures of chilled food surfaces were $6.1{\times}10.6^{\circ}C$ for soybean curds, $6{\sim}12.3^{\circ}C$ for fish paste, $2.3{\times}18.2^{\circ}C$ for kimbab, $4.6{\times}12.2^{\circ}C$ for salads, $3.4{\times}12.6^{\circ}C$ for wet noodles, and $7.1{\times}19^{\circ}C$ for mook. Our results indicate that chilled foods require careful management for storage at temperatures below $10^{\circ}C$ with careful recording of the warmest area of the refrigerator.

본 연구는 주요 냉장식품(두부, 묵, 어육가공품(어묵), 생면, 김초밥, 샐러드)의 온도 관리실태를 조사하여 문제점을 파악하고 국내 유통업소의 냉장 냉동진열 판매 제품의 관리온도 개선 및 관리방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 주요 냉장고 내 위치별 온도는 보편적으로 아래($7.5^{\circ}C$)가 높고 윗부분($6.4^{\circ}C$)이 낮았으며, 앞쪽($8.9^{\circ}C$)이 높고 뒤쪽($7.5^{\circ}C$)이 낮은 것으로 조사되었다. 모든 냉장식품의 평균 냉장고 보관 온도는 $7^{\circ}C$(최대 $22.9^{\circ}C$, 최저 $-2^{\circ}C$)였으며, 대형할인매장이 $6.5^{\circ}C$,백화점이 $7.5^{\circ}C$, 편의점이 $7.6^{\circ}C$ 였다. 모든 냉장식품의 평균 표면온도는 $8.2^{\circ}C$(최대 $19^{\circ}C$, 최저 $-0.4^{\circ}C$)였으며, 대형할인매장이 $8.1^{\circ}C$,백화점이 $8.5^{\circ}C$, 편의점이 $7.6^{\circ}C$으로 조사되었다. 식품표면과 중심온도는 식품별 차이가 있으며 최대 $2.3^{\circ}C$ 차이로 나타났다. 두부(표면온도 $6.1{\sim}10.6^{\circ}C$, 중심온도 $4{\sim}11.1^{\circ}C$), 어묵($6{\sim}12.3^{\circ}C$, $6.5{\sim}13.6^{\circ}C$), 김밥($2.3{\sim}18.2^{\circ}C$, $2{\sim}17.3^{\circ}C$), 샐러드류($4.6{\sim}12.2^{\circ}C$, $4.1{\sim}10.4^{\circ}C$), 생면류($3.4{\sim}12.6^{\circ}C$, $3.8{\sim}10.3^{\circ}C$), 묵류($7.1{\sim}19^{\circ}C$, $8.3{\sim}17.1^{\circ}C$)의 다섯 가지 식품별로 차이를 보였다. 냉장고 표시온도와 식품표면 온도 항목간의 유의적 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(P<0.01). 냉장고 표시 온도는 김밥 1곳(100%)에서 규정온도인 $10^{\circ}C$를 초과했지만, 식품표면 온도에서는 두부 9곳(17%), 어묵 6곳(11.3%), 묵 10곳(18.9%), 생면 11곳(20.8%), 김밥 13곳(24.5%), 샐러드 4곳(7.5%)이 초과한 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 우리나라 냉장보관 식품 중 표면온도와 $10^{\circ}C$를 초과하는 경우가 많아 냉장보관식품의 온도관리가 철저히 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Kwak, T.K. and Kim, S.H.: Relationships between actual sanitary management practices during production and distribution, and microbiological quality of dosirak items marketed in CVS. Korean J. Dietary Culture, 11(2), 235-242 (1996)
  2. 노병의: 외국의 학교급식의 관리현황. 식품위생안전성학회 추계세미나 13-19 (1997)
  3. L, Boefh-Soerensen. and F, Bramsnaes.: The effect of storage in retail cabinets on frozen food. Bull. Int. Inst. Refig. (Annexe 1977-1), 375 (1977)
  4. Lee, Y.W. and Hwang, S.W.: The effects of freezing and thawing rates on the percentage of sub-lethally injured total coliform on beef surface. J. Food Hyg. Safety, 3(1), 19-26 (1988)
  5. 식품의약품안전청: 식품공전 (2007)
  6. Kornacki, J. and Gabis, D.A.: Microorganisms and refrigeration temperatire. Dairy Food and Environmental Sanitation, 10(4), 192 (1990)
  7. Doyle, M.P.: Effect of environmental and processing conditions on Listeria monocytogenes. Food Technol., 53, 169- 175 (1988)
  8. Griffiths, M.W.: Listeria monocytogenes; Its importance in dairy industry. J. Sci. Food Agric., 47, 133-138 (1989) https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740470202
  9. 식품의약품안전청: 유통점 온도관리에 따른 식품 내 미생물변화 모니터링 (2007)
  10. 노병의: 실무자를 위한 식품위생학, 경산대학교출판부. pp.87 (1997)
  11. 박형선, 양승택: 게맛살 냉장 및 동결저장 중의 품질 변화, 경성대학교 논문집. 13(2), 125-145 (1992)
  12. Koo, M.S., Kim, Y.S., Shin, D.B., Oh, S.W. and Chun, H.S.: Shelf-life of prepacked Kimbab and Sandwiches marketed in convenience stores at refrigerated condition. J. Food Hyg. Safety, 22(4), 323-331 (2007)
  13. Cho, H.R., Chang, D.S. and Lee, W.D.: Utilization of chitosan hydrolysate as a natural food preservative for fish meat paste products. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol., 30(4), 817-822 (1998)
  14. Kim, H.Y. and Ko, S.H.: Quality dependence on sanitization method of Dotori-muk muchim in foodservice operations( II). Korean J. Food Cookery Sci., 21(5), 557-566 (2005)
  15. Lee, Y.B., Kim. T.S. and Yeo, I.H.: Study on the change of quality index of packed Tofu. Korean soybean digest, 12(2), 56-60 (1995)
  16. Youn, K.S.: Effect of storage time on quality characteristics of packaged soybean curd. 大邱가톨릭大學校 自然科學論文集, 1(2), 163-168 (2003)
  17. 정기혜: Cold-Chain System의 판매단계 운영 및 개선방안. 보건사회연구. 17(1), 73-97 (1998)