Formation Process of Pottery with Lighting Design in Northeastern Region of the Korean Peninsula

한반도 동북지역 뇌문토기 변천과정

This paper is aimed to study the late Neolithic Age in North Korea in order to closely examine a transition process into the Bronze Age in the Korean peninsula. Thus, the pottery with lightning design was selected as target data. Since the pottery with lightning design is fundamental data that North Korea's archeologists have used for chronological recordings of the late Neolithic Age in the northwest region, the parallel relationship between the eastern and the western region was established with comparison of pottery with lightning design in the northeastern region. The examination focuses on data that cover the target region of the pottery with lightning design of the adjacent Southern Primorskii region including the counterpart of the northwestern and the northeastern region. As a result, some attribute analyses revealed that the pottery with lightning design was affected by the counterpart of the northwestern region near the Yalu River. Prior to genealogical and chronological recordings of the pottery with lightning design in the northeastern region, the pottery with lightning design in the northwestern region was recorded chronologically in order to examine its specific development process. Consequently, in the second period of the Neolithic Age, the pottery with lightning design in the northwestern region was assumed to have an impact on the counterpart in the northeastern region. The classification of the pottery with lightning design in the northeastern region shall be based on 4-period development. According to this classification, the pottery, which was found in the Tumen river basin, was thought to belong to the first period. The pottery went through genealogy differentiation in the second period and when entering into the third period, the pottery spread to inland of south Primorskii. The pottery was assumed to exist in the southern Primorskii region until the tip end (the fourth period) of the Neolithic Age. It is assumed that considering the fact that climate change led to the agriculture movement, Zaisanovka culture, i.e. the late Ne Neolithic Age, moved to the southern Primorskii region along the Tumen River basin.

필자는 동북지역 신석기시대에서 청동기시대로의 이행과정을 구체적으로 살펴보기 위해서 뇌문토기를 고찰하였다. 뇌문토기는 현재까지 서북지역 신석기 후기 편년의 근간이 되는 것으로, 동북지역 뇌문토기와의 비교연구를 통해 동-서 지역의 병행관계 설정이 가능한 자료이다. 따라서 서북과 동북의 자료를 모두 검토대상으로 하였다. 동북지역의 뇌문토기 계보와 변천과정을 구체적으로 알아보기 위해서 뇌문토기의 속성을 추출하고 편년작업을 실시하였다. 각 지역의 뇌문토기를 살펴본 결과, 동북지역 뇌문토기는 압록강을 중심으로 한 서북지역의 영향을 강하게 받은 것으로 생각된다. 그 중 서북지역은 3기로 나누어지는데, 속성분석에 따르면 서북지역 2기에 해당하는 뇌문토기가 동북지역에 영향을 준 것으로 판단된다. 동북지역 뇌문토기를 두만강 유역에서 초현한다. 전체적으로 4기로 나누어지는데 2기에 계열 분화되며 3기가 되면 남연해주 내륙으로 확산된다. 남부 연해주에는 뇌문토기 4기, 신석기 말기까지 존재하는 것으로 보인다.