Study on the Characteristics of the Hibernating Site for the Released Asiatic Black Bear in Jirisan National Park

지리산국립공원에 방사한 반달가슴곰 동면장소 특성 연구

Asiatic black Bear(Ursus thibetanus ussuricus) cubs aged one or two were introduced from Russia(Primosky krai) and North Korea for reinforcement of the bear population and they were released to grow wild in Jirisan National Park. We did research on the characteristics of the denning sites of the Asiatic black cubs, which were released before, from Oct. 2004 to Apr. 2006, and the results were as follows: The released bears hibernated in three types of dens,; tree hollows, rock hollows or ground nests. The hibernating sites were dominated by a community of oak trees and its location was at an average of $923{\pm}221m$ height above the sea level ; the average slope incline was $25.9{\pm}7.9^{\circ}$, and the average denning duration was $98{\pm}9$ days. It was analyzed that the cubs' denning site was $2.8{\pm}2.8km$, on an average, far from the release point; $2.0{\pm}0.9km$ far from villages; $1.9{\pm}1.7km$ far from park inspection trails, and $1.9{\pm}1.0km$ on the average far from a driveway. It is assumed that environmental attributes of the denning sites were closely correlated to those of the release points.

러시아 연해주와 북한으로부터 도입하여 지리산국립공원에 방사한 $1{\sim}2$년생 반달가슴곰(Ursus thibetanus ussuricus)의 동면장소 특성을 파악하기 위해 2004년 10월부터 2006년 4월까지 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 방사한 곰들은 나무굴, 바위굴, 곰탱이 등 3가지 유형의 동면장소에서 동면을 취하였다. 방사한 곰들의 동면장소는 참나무류가 우점하고 있는 지역으로 해발고도 평균 $923{\pm}221m$, 사면경사 평균 $25.9{\pm}7.9^{\circ}$이었으며, 동면기간은 평균 $98{\pm}9$일 이었다. 동면장소는 방사지점으로부터 평균 $2.8{\pm}2.8km$, 인근마을로부터 평균 $2.0{\pm}0.9km$, 인접 탐방로로부터 평균 $1.9{\pm}1.7km$, 자동차도로로부터 평균 $1.9{\pm}1.0km$ 거리에 위치하고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 동면장소의 환경특성은 방사지점의 환경요인과 밀접한 상관관계를 가지고 있었다.